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Scientific Reports

Generation of bipartite entanglement in a dissipative cavity magnomechanical system

Hamid Reza Baghshahi, Mohammad Javad Faghihi, Mahboobeh Moslehi

Published Jul 24, 2025• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this work, we employ logarithmic negativity to rigorously investigate bipartite entanglements in a lossy cavity magnomechanical system incorporating both photon and magnon Kerr nonlinearities. The system comprises two optical cavity modes, two yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) spheres, which support magnon and phonon modes, and two electromagnetic fields that drive the magnons. Through numerical simulations, we systematically examine the influence of significant parameters, including photon-magnon and phonon-magnon coupling strengths, dissipation rates, Kerr nonlinearities, environmental temperatures, and normalized detuning on the bipartite entanglements between distinct subsystems. Our findings reveal that the amounts of bipartite entanglements can be precisely tuned by optimizing these parameters. Specifically, increasing either dissipation or Kerr nonlinearity diminishes the maximum values of entanglement. Furthermore, when the magnomechanical coupling is stronger, the entanglement becomes more robust and can endure across a broader spectrum of temperatures. Moreover, the entanglement generated within the subsystems demonstrates remarkable robustness against environmental temperature. Additionally, the maximum survival temperature of bipartite entanglements varies across different entangled pairs, and can be effectively controlled by the optical-magnon coupling strength. Notably, entanglement between subsystems persists even at cryogenic temperatures.

DOI
10.1038/s41598-025-12942-3

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In this work, we employ logarithmic negativity to rigorously investigate bipartite entanglements in a lossy cavity magnomechanical system incorporating both photon and magnon Kerr nonlinearities. The system comprises two optical cavity modes, two yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) spheres, which support magnon and phonon modes, and two electromagnetic fields that drive the magnons. Through numerical simulations, we systematically examine the influence of significant parameters, including photon-magnon and phonon-magnon coupling strengths, dissipation rates, Kerr nonlinearities, environmental temperatures, and normalized detuning on the bipartite entanglements between distinct subsystems. Our findings reveal that the amounts of bipartite entanglements can be precisely tuned by optimizing these parameters. Specifically, increasing either dissipation or Kerr nonlinearity diminishes the maximum values of entanglement. Furthermore, when the magnomechanical coupling is stronger, the entanglement becomes more robust and can endure across a broader spectrum of temperatures. Moreover, the entanglement generated within the subsystems demonstrates remarkable robustness against environmental temperature. Additionally, the maximum survival temperature of bipartite entanglements varies across different entangled pairs, and can be effectively controlled by the optical-magnon coupling strength. Notably, entanglement between subsystems persists even at cryogenic temperatures.
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Generating multipartite entanglement is always a popular research field in quantum information processing and quantum optics. In this paper, we propose a scheme to realize all bipartite entanglements and the genuine tripartite entanglement among photon, magnon, and phonon modes in a cavity-magnomechanical system. The center-of-mass motion of a yttrium iron garnet sphere couples to the magnon and constitutes photon-magnon-phonon tripartite interaction. By modulating the detuning between the cavity (magnon) mode and the driven field, we can obtain the optimal photon-phonon entanglement or magnon-phonon entanglement. The genuine tripartite entanglement can be prepared through a suitable detuning. We compare the different entanglement cases with and without effective direct cavity-magnon coupling. The results indicate that the photon-magnon entanglement can be enhanced by the effective cavity-magnon coupling strength, and all bipartite entanglements show greater robustness against the thermal phonon number. This investigation should be useful for phonon-involved multipartite quantum information processing and quantum precision measurement.
Abstract We propose to realize bipartite and tripartite entanglements transfer in a cavity magnomechanical system consisting of a microwave cavity with an yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere and a silicon-nitride membrane in it. The initial magnon–YIG phonon entanglement and photon-membrane phonon entanglement caused by the magnetostrictive interaction and the optomechanical interaction can be effectively transferred to magnon–membrane phonon entanglement and photon–YIG phonon entanglement. Photon–magnon–YIG phonon and photon–magnon–membrane phonon entanglements can also be realized in the system. These two types of tripartite entanglements can be easily transferred from one type to the other by adjusting the detuning or dissipation ratio. Moreover, the bipartite and tripartite entanglements and their transfer are all robust against temperature. Furthermore, by introducing supermodes formed by the photon and magnon modes, we find that the entanglement between the two mechanical modes can be obtained under the condition of an extremely low temperature. And the effective detuning region of the YIG phonon-membrane phonon entanglement is complementary to the detuning regions of other bipartite entanglements. Our results indicate that the combination of cavity magnomechanical and optomechanical systems could provide more flexible controllability of bipartite and tripartite entanglements and their transfer and could serve as a potential quantum interface among microwave, magnon, and mechanical systems.
Quantum entanglement is a fundamental phenomenon in quantum information science and a crucial resource for quantum technologies such as precision sensing, secure communication, and computation. In hybrid cavity magno-optomechanical systems, entanglement among cavity photons, magnons, and phonons enables manipulation of quantum states across different modes via radiation pressure-based light-matter interaction. We propose a hybrid optomechanical cavity-magnonic setup with Yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere allowing magnons to couple with photons via magnetic-dipole interaction. The system also uses optomechanical and electrostatic interactions to entangle cavity photons and mechanical resonators. We focus on how the magnon nonlinear Kerr effect and varying coupling strengths influence entanglement dynamics. By analysing nonlinear effects alongside other coupling parameters, we identify optimal conditions for initiating and sustaining robust entanglement between the motional modes (phonons) of two Coulomb-coupled mechanical resonators. Our model predicts that adding Coulomb interaction and magnon coupling enhances the degree and tunability of entanglement, making it more resilient to thermal baths at 3 K. This study addresses how to optimize and sustain phonon-phonon entanglement in complex hybrid quantum systems. These findings offer insights relevant to developing quantum memories for continuous variable quantum information processing and other quantum technologies.
We theoretically propose a cavity magnomechanical system with a levitated yttrium iron garnet sphere to study the entanglement characteristics between subsystems. The system consists of microwave photon, magnon, and mechanical phonon modes, where the photon and magnon modes can be driven by external microwave sources. We find that with the appropriate choice of the suspension position, the effective couplings between the cavity field and the magnon and phonon modes can be established, thus inducing the generation of bipartite entanglement and genuine tripartite entanglement in the system. Further, we also analyze in detail the influences of the radius of the sphere, the detunings of the cavity and magnon modes, the driving power, the frequency of the phonon mode, and the environment temperature on the characteristics of the quantum entanglement. The results obtained here indicate that the bipartite and tripartite entanglements can be manipulated by changing the radius and the oscillation frequency of the sphere in addition to changing the parameters of the cavity field, and therefore, the levitated magnomechanical system has a potential application in the study of macroscopic quantum phenomena.