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Optical and Quantum Electronics

Two-channel pulse propagation in a tripod four-level atomic medium

Nguyen Thi Thu Hien, Nguyễn Tuấn Anh, Thai Doan Thanh, Nguyen Huy Bang, Le Van Doai, Nguyen Van Tam, Hoang Minh Dong

Published Jul 23, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s11082-025-08340-8

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We numerically investigate two-channel pulse propagation dynamics in a degenerate tripod-type four-level atomic medium under the combined influence of an external magnetic field and a relative phase. The results show that an external magnetic field is used as a “knob” to switch between transparent and absorptive regimes of the probe pulse by the on/off state of the magnetic field within suitable frequency and phase domains. By tuning the magnitude of the magnetic field, the transparency spectrum can be reversibly transformed between single- and double-window structures, enabling stable pulse propagation in a single- or dual-channel. In addition, the relative phase strongly modifies the probe absorption profile and provides an efficient means to control pulse propagation dynamics. These findings suggest promising applications in pulse propagation, multi-channel switching, and optical storage for communication systems.
Abstract Optical nonreciprocity provides a firm basis for direction-dependent control of light transport. We propose a scheme to manipulate two counter-propagating light pulses based on dynamically controlled dual-channel optical nonreciprocity originating from the Doppler effect. This scheme is implemented in a four-level tripod-type thermal atomic medium driven by two counter-propagating control fields. Symmetric or asymmetric propagation and storage scenarios for the two probe pulses can be established by adjusting the detunings and intensities of the control fields. In particular, complete separation of the forward and backward transmission windows enables the realization of a frequency-tunable bidirectional optical isolator. Doppler shifts make the tripod system behave as two weakly coupled three-level Λ-type channels associated mainly with the forward and backward probe fields. Our proposal may have potential applications in designing direction-dependent all-optical devices for manipulating multiple optical pulses.