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Quantum Information Processing

Security analysis and improvement on a d-level quantum secret sharing scheme with cheat-detection (t, m) threshold

Zixin Gao, Jiansheng Guo, Yuehua Li, Zhaowei Han

Published Jul 8, 2025• 1 citation
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s11128-025-04834-2

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Quantum secret sharing holds a significant place in quantum cryptography. In this paper, a (w, t, n)-weighted threshold dynamic quantum secret sharing scheme with cheating identification is constructed based on the CRT for a polynomial ring. In our scheme, on the premise of not altering the private shares of the old participants, the dynamic update of the participants can be realized without other participants’ help, and the shared secret will not be changed. During the secret reconstruction phase, via executing the quantum state digital signature, the proposed scheme not only can timely detect the existence of the cheating behavior, but also once exists, definitely can identify one cheater and eliminate him from the system, making the scheme more secure. Moreover, our scheme enables secret sharing among participants with different authorities, which enhances the practicability of the scheme. Finally, the security analysis shows our scheme not only is resistant to a range of typical external attacks but can detect forgery, collusion, denial and dishonest revoked participant attacks.
(ttt, nnn) Threshold Quantum Secret Sharing based on a Single ddd-level Quantum System
A (ttt, nnn) threshold quantum secret sharing (QSS) is proposed based on a single ddd-level quantum system. It enables the (ttt, nnn) threshold structure based on Shamir's secret sharing and simply requires sequential communication in the ddd-level quantum system to recover secret. Besides, the scheme employs an additional qudit to detect cheats and eavesdropping during secret reconstruction, and allows a participant to use the share repeatedly. Analyses show that the proposed scheme is resistant to typical attacks. The scheme is scalable in the number of participants and easier to realize compared to related schemes. More generally, our scheme also presents a generic method to construct new (ttt, nnn) threshold QSS schemes based on ddd-level quantum system with other classical threshold secret sharing.