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International Conference on Computer, Computation and Communication (IC3C)

Reversible Logic Gates for Efficient Circuit Construction and Quantum Computing

R Manaswini, J Silamboli, Kalyandurg Rafeeq Ahmed, G. Dhivyasri, M. Manikandan

Published Jan 1, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Reversible logic, also known as information lossless logic, is a promising technology that allows embedded data within circuits to be retrieved in case of failure.This study explores the use of reversible gates, such as Feynman gates, Toffoli gates, Fredkin gates, Peres gates, Double Feynman gates, NFT gates, DKG gates, and DFT gates, to construct logic circuits.These reversible logic gates can be effectively used for the implementation of any higher logic circuits-based applications.In the proposed paper the Arithmetic logic unit based on reversible logic hates is implemented in Verilog as well as IBM quantum software.The major applications of reversible logic gates include quantum computing, low power circuits, nano and CMOS technologies, photonics.In the last part of the paper the circuits implemented using Verilog and IBM quantum a chip level design using Cadance layout is implemented.

DOI
10.13052/rp-9788743808268a090

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Reversible logic, also known as information lossless logic, is a promising technology that allows embedded data within circuits to be retrieved in case of failure.This study explores the use of reversible gates, such as Feynman gates, Toffoli gates, Fredkin gates, Peres gates, Double Feynman gates, NFT gates, DKG gates, and DFT gates, to construct logic circuits.These reversible logic gates can be effectively used for the implementation of any higher logic circuits-based applications.In the proposed paper the Arithmetic logic unit based on reversible logic hates is implemented in Verilog as well as IBM quantum software.The major applications of reversible logic gates include quantum computing, low power circuits, nano and CMOS technologies, photonics.In the last part of the paper the circuits implemented using Verilog and IBM quantum a chip level design using Cadance layout is implemented.
Reversible logic is also called information lossless logic, since the information embedded in the circuits can be recovered, if lost. Research carried out by Landauer and Bennett proved that the energy dissipation would not occur if computation is made reversible. With this aim a number of reversible gates were designed and invented. As examples like- the Fredkin gate, the Toffoli gate, the Peres gate, and the Feynman gate. Reversible logic has extensive applications and is considered as one of the futuristic technologies. But the logic circuit designing is based on logic gates, which are non-reversible. This paper presents design of logic gates using reversible gates. These logic gates help in future implementation of higher end circuits. In this paper an attempt is made to design logic gates using reversible gates and some of the higher end circuits are also designed such as Binary-to-Grey, grey-to-Binary, Adder, Subtractor etc.
In the context of modern Very Large-Scale Integration (VLSI) technology, information loss has been a major concern. Logic gates (LG) such as AND, OR, and NOT have been found to result in information loss during their operations. To address this issue, reversible LGs have been created. The development and implementation of a high-speed, efficient full adder circuit employing reversible LGs like Feynman, Toffoli, and Peres gates. The design aims to improve computational and thermal efficiencies. The circuit refarding quantum costs (QC), garbage outputs, and ancillary inputs. The implemented the suggested design in Verilog and verified the entire adder's functionality and efficiency through simulations using the Xilinx Vivado and Xilinx ISE tools. The circuit has a quantum cost of 10 with two outputs of useless and one auxiliary input, according to the researchers, highlighting its opportunities for usage in quantum computing applications andlow-power (dec 84%), high-performance computing systems.
Abstract Reversible gates have been one of the emerging research areas in these days. The reversible gates have several applications in the fields of low power CMOS, DNA computing, optical, nanotechnology etc. Quantum computing is one of the fastest and upcoming nanotechnologies that can implement the digital logical circuits using reversible logic gates. In this paper, CNOT, TOFFOLI, FREDKIN and PERES reversible logic gates have been implemented on IBM quantum computer. An efficient one-bit full adder is going to be proposed using the reversible gates like CNOT and TOFFOLI. Later, a 4x4 multiplier will be developed using the proposed one-bit full adder. The proposed multiplier is proved to perform faster calculations compared to the earlier multipliers. The simulation of the presented modules will be done on IBM Quantum computer and the respective probabilities can be observed for different inputs.
Quantum is an emerging technology in future computers. Reversibility is the main advantage of quantum computers. In conventional computers, the computation is irreversible i.e. the input bits are lost once the logic block generates the output and input bits cannot be restored but it can be done in reversible computation because in reversible computation the inputs and outputs have a one-to-one correspondence. Therefore, a reversible gate input could even be uniquely determined from their output which leads to less power consumption. Hence the complexity of the digital circuits can be reduced by using reversible computing. In quantum computer to perform reversible operations, we need to implement the reversible gates using quantum gates. In this paper, we discussed various reversible logic gates like Feynman, Toffoli, R, Peres and TR gates using basic quantum gates like CNOT, Pauli, Swap gates and their implementation using IBM quantum experience.
The NAND, NOT, and NOR logic gates which are utilised to realise the hardware modules of the system, are examples of basic classical logic gates that make up the hardware basics of electronic circuit systems. In addition to this, a useful system has been described for designing and implementing quantum processors by using reversible logic gates to analyse the performance of ALUs. Additionally, it shows that QCA might be used in quantum computers, assuming that the underlying technology can be made workable. When considering energy-efficient computations, reversible or information-lossless circuits are crucial for digital signal processing, communication, computer graphics, and cryptography. By preventing information loss, reversible logic is utilised to lessen the power dissipation that occurs in classical circuits, which is particularly promising because it allows for extremely low power computations like nano-computing for quantum processors. Because bits of information are lost during logic operations, typical digital circuits waste a lot of energy. It is well known that an Arithmetic and Logical Unit is one of the most fundamental operational units in the quantum processor (ALU). The design and implementation of an innovative r/q 16-bit ALU that improves the overall performance of quantum processors while carrying out the task in the digital signal processing domain are discussed in this study. When reversible gates were used in place of logic gates, the power dissipation in terms of information bit loss was significantly reduced. Simulation of these circuits is done by QCA Designer tool and language used for programming is very high-speed hardware integrated circuit hardware descriptive language, Verilog HDL. The power and delay analysis of the various sub modules is performed and a comparison with the traditional circuits is also carried out. The designed ALU has better efficiency as it has less power loses and reduction in power loss upto 39 % is obtained.
Reversible logic is a circuit which has the ability to reduce the power dissipation. This type of logic circuit is used for the process of running the system both forward and backward.One of the main advantages of using any reversible logic is to get back the original data and to reduce the garbage output. Logic synthesis based on the Kronecker Functional Decision Diagram (KFDD) are generated for different reversible cascade methods both complemented and uncomplemented edge by using different reversible gates such as the CNOT (Controlled NOT), NOT, Toffoli gates, Peres gates, etc., and implemented in a quantum processor. In order to reduce the qubits which in turn reduces the quantum cost, it is implemented using reversible logic synthesis in KFDD method.The proposed method shows the implementation of these reversible circuits in an IBM quantum computer to find the probabilities, as it gives less quantum cost and also consumes less time when compared to other decision diagram. Reversible logic finds a wide range of applications in quantum computing and also in areas which deals with the low power design.This paper presents the implementation of KFDD using quantum circuits in IBM Quantum (IBM-Q) processor using different reversible logics and the output is discussed.