Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Physical Review A

Cooperative absorption model for photon avalanche upconversion

Glauco S. Maciel, Anderson S. L. Gomes, Cid Bartolomeu de Araujo

Published Jun 30, 2025• 1 citation
Publisher
DOI
10.1103/96n8-6hk6

Related papers

Enhanced photon avalanche

Sonal Mistry

Nature Physics•Aug 1, 2025•0 citations

Cooperative energy transfer and photon absorption

M. Altarelli, David L. Dexter

Optics Communications•May 1, 1970•24 citations

Avalanche upconversion in Tm:YALO_3

H. Ni, Stephen Colby Rand

We report the sudden appearance of upconversion fluorescence and resonant increasing absorption above a threshold intensity in Tm YALO3 at room temperature. These effects are shown to arise from nonlinear, cooperative, excited-state dynamics. Comparison with quantum theory reveals essential roles both for pairwise cross relaxation and excitation migration among Tm impurity ions.

Optics Letters•Sep 15, 1991•75 citations

Coherent Cooperative Radiation in Solids

Stephen Colby Rand

Avalanche upconversion dynamics and associated nonlinear optical response was also reported for the first time in Tm:YALO crystals at room temperature. The avalanche mechanism involves a cooperative down conversion (cross relaxation) step and is a promising method of pumping rare earth lasers at entirely new (diode compatible) wavelengths, corresponding to excited state absorptions rather than ground state absorptions. Quantum theory describing the threshold for photo-darkening and the role of energy migration in avalanches was developed, and semi quantitative agreement obtained with preliminary measurements of nonlinear susceptibilities. Cooperative dynamics in general, and avalanche dynamics in particular, were shown to furnish a promising new mechanism not only for solid state lasers but for nonlinear optical interactions as well, opening the door to practical signal processing and switching applications exploiting the low intensity thresholds of avalanche processes.

Michigan Univ. Final Report•Oct 30, 1991•0 citations

Photon avalanche upconversion laser at 644 nm

Mark E. Koch, A. W. Kueny, William E. Case

We have obtained efficient laser action from Pr-doped LaCl3 using a novel pumping method. Pump energy is coupled into the crystal through Pr ions in an excited state rather than the ground state. Excited-state absorption is made possible by a regenerative feedback process (the photon avalanche) utilizing cross relaxation to convert the energy of a single ion in a high-lying state into energy shared by multiple lower lying state ions.

Applied Physics Letters•Mar 19, 1990•99 citations

Cooperative single-photon absorption at interfaces

Davıd L. Andrews, Philip Allcock

Chemical Physics Letters•Dec 1, 1994•8 citations
Avalanche upconversion dynamics and associated nonlinear optical response was also reported for the first time in Tm:YALO crystals at room temperature. The avalanche mechanism involves a cooperative down conversion (cross relaxation) step and is a promising method of pumping rare earth lasers at entirely new (diode compatible) wavelengths, corresponding to excited state absorptions rather than ground state absorptions. Quantum theory describing the threshold for photo-darkening and the role of energy migration in avalanches was developed, and semi quantitative agreement obtained with preliminary measurements of nonlinear susceptibilities. Cooperative dynamics in general, and avalanche dynamics in particular, were shown to furnish a promising new mechanism not only for solid state lasers but for nonlinear optical interactions as well, opening the door to practical signal processing and switching applications exploiting the low intensity thresholds of avalanche processes.