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Quantum Burst Protocol (QBP): Stateless Quantum Encryption for Ultra-Low Latency 6G Networks

Victoria Mellor

Published May 9, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

I introduce the quantum burst protocol (QBP), which is a novel quantum-lite encryption scheme designed for ultra-low-latency 6G wireless environments. QBP replaces traditional quantum key distribution (QKD) with stateless, one-way quantum entropy bursts, enabling submillisecond secure communications between mobile or edge devices. Leveraging ephemeral key derivation and quantum-authenticatable tags, QBP provides quantum-resilient confidentiality, authentication, and forward secrecy using 2-3-qubit quantum capability. I present the protocol design, performance analysis, and formal security proof in this short article, demonstrating that QBP is theoretically sound and practically deployable on 6G-class hardware.

DOI
10.36227/techrxiv.174682525.50741467/v1

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I introduce the quantum burst protocol (QBP), which is a novel quantum-lite encryption scheme designed for ultra-low-latency 6G wireless environments. QBP replaces traditional quantum key distribution (QKD) with stateless, one-way quantum entropy bursts, enabling submillisecond secure communications between mobile or edge devices. Leveraging ephemeral key derivation and quantum-authenticatable tags, QBP provides quantum-resilient confidentiality, authentication, and forward secrecy using 2-3-qubit quantum capability. I present the protocol design, performance analysis, and formal security proof in this short article, demonstrating that QBP is theoretically sound and practically deployable on 6G-class hardware.
The Quantum Burst Protocol (QBP) is a novel quantum-lite encryption scheme tailored for ultralow-latency 6G wireless environments. QBP replaces traditional quantum key distribution (QKD) with stateless, one-way quantum entropy bursts, enabling submillisecond secure communication between mobile or edge devices. Leveraging ephemeral key derivation and quantum-authenticatable tags, QBP provides quantum-resilient confidentiality, authentication, and forward secrecy with minimal (2-3 qubit) quantum capability. We present the protocol design, performance analysis (demonstrating sub-0.2ms latency), and a formal security proof that includes a detailed mathematical analysis of its security properties against quantum adversaries. QBP is shown to be theoretically sound and practically deployable on 6G-class hardware.
Abstract The transition to sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks demands cryptographic frameworks that simultaneously satisfy sub-millisecond latency constraints and resilience against quantum-capable adversaries; requirements that neither conventional quantum key distribution (QKD) nor emerging post-quantum cryptographic (PQC) schemes adequately address in isolation. This paper presents the Quantum Burst Protocol (QBP), a novel quantum-lite encryption scheme that replaces traditional two-way QKD handshakes with stateless, one-way quantum entropy bursts, enabling submillisecond secure communication between mobile and edge devices with minimal quantum hardware (2-3 qubits). QBP introduces three principal innovations: (i)~stateless operation via transient quantum entropy extraction, eliminating continuous channel negotiation; (ii)~ephemeral key derivation through domain-separated one-way hash functions, providing built-in forward secrecy and resistance to harvest-now-decrypt-later attacks; and (iii)~optional quantum-authenticatable message tagging for integrity verification. I present a comprehensive protocol specification encompassing system architecture, cryptographic design, and formal security proofs under quantum adversary models. Performance evaluation demonstrates end-to-end latency of 0.15-0.20\,ms, well within 6G thresholds. A rigorous comparative analysis against QKD (BB84, E91) and NIST-standardised PQC algorithms (ML-KEM, ML-DSA) reveals that QBP uniquely occupies a design space combining quantum-derived entropy strength with symmetric-key efficiency. I further discuss deployment considerations for edge, IoT, and non-terrestrial network scenarios, and outline a roadmap for experimental validation on constrained 6G-class hardware.
As we move toward the rollout of 6G networks, we're stepping into an era of groundbreaking technological advancements. These next-generation networks promise ultra-low latency and seamless integration with artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT), unlocking a new level of connectivity and performance. However, with these powerful capabilities come significant security challenges. Traditional encryption methods may not be enough to protect the complex and highly sensitive data traveling through 6G networks. One of the most promising solutions lies in Quantum Communication, particularly Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)-a method that leverages the laws of quantum mechanics to enable highly secure encryption. This paper explores the emerging security risks in both terrestrial and satellite communication channels and reviews current research on integrating quantum communication into 6G infrastructure. Special attention is given to its potential within the metaverse, a rapidly evolving digital environment that demands robust and future-proof security frameworks. Key areas of focus include-Addressing security vulnerabilities in quantum communication, Enhancing infrastructure to support quantum technologies, Reducing error rates in quantum protocols. the paper aims to propose a flexible, forward-looking framework designed to ensure fast, secure communication for critical sectors such as finance, defense, and healthcare.
The advent of sixth-generation (6 G) networks introduces transformative communication paradigms characterized by ultra-low latency, massive device connectivity, and unprecedented reliability. These developments also expose networks to complex and dynamic cybersecurity threats and challenge the adequacy of traditional encryption methods against the emerging capabilities of quantum computing. Utilizing the fundamental laws of quantum mechanics, Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) provides unconditional security of communications by enabling the detection of eavesdropping attempts. We systematically analyze existing QKD protocols, designs, and application scenarios while addressing technological limitations and potential solutions. In addition, we explore the future directions necessary to realize scalable, efficient, and practical quantum-secured 6 G networks. Our findings emphasize the strategic importance of QKD as a cornerstone technology for building ultra-secure, quantumresilient communication infrastructures in the era of 6 G.
Sixth-generation (6G) networks offer unprecedented ultra-reliability, capacity, and low-latency communication. Nevertheless, the same developments also pose security threats to complex communication infrastructures that may be resistant to traditional cryptographic tools, especially in the context of quantum computing. Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is an innovative technique for achieving unconditional security that leverages quantum-mechanical principles to share cryptographic keys securely. This paper discusses how QKD can be integrated into 6G and beyond networks and used to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of data across applications such as autonomous systems, the Internet of Things (IoT), and smart city infrastructure. This paper explores the architecture of QKD-based 6G communication, key-generation systems, and quantum-resistant network layers. It also examines scalability, synchronization, and hardware implementation, and suggests possible hybrid approaches for integrating classical and quantum security protocols. The results imply that the idea of QKD may become the foundation of safeguarded communication systems in the future, ensuring resilience against attacks in the quantum era and enabling individuals to trust the next generation of wireless.
The advent of 6G terahertz (THz) communication networks offers unparalleled data rates and ultra-dense device connectivity but introduces tremendous vulnerabilities to quantum computing attacks. Conventional cryptographic techniques such as RSA and ECC are becoming increasingly vulnerable to quantum attacks and are thus a serious threat to network integrity and data confidentiality. The research here addresses the challenge of protecting 6G-THz networks from quantum adversaries by designing a quantum-resilient cryptographic protocol for ultra-dense network scenarios. The main objective is to offer resilient, scalable, and low-latency encryption and authentication to enable high-throughput THz communications. The system leverages lattice-based post-quantum cryptography combined with a light-weight key distribution protocol and hierarchical identity management to support massive device connectivity. The novelty lies in the adaptive blending of post-quantum primitives optimized to the bandwidth and latency limitations inherent in THz systems, combined with context-aware key negotiation to remove quantum threats in real time. The protocol significantly enhances future network resilience in quantum-enabled adversarial networks.