In this work, we examine the entanglement dynamics of two massive particles confined within their respective infinite square potential wells induced by gravity. Assuming that each particle is initially in the ground state of its infinite square well, we investigate the formation of entanglement between the particles as a result of their gravitational interaction during their adiabatic movement toward each other. Our results reveal that, under suitable parameters, entanglement swiftly emerges. Compared to previous schemes, our approach significantly reduces the particle mass, greatly lowering the experimental threshold.
In this work, we examine the entanglement dynamics of two massive particles confined within their respective infinite square potential wells induced by gravity. Assuming that each particle is initially in the ground state of its infinite square well, we investigate the formation of entanglement between the particles as a result of their gravitational interaction during their adiabatic movement toward each other. Our results reveal that, under suitable parameters, entanglement swiftly emerges. Compared to previous schemes, our approach significantly reduces the particle mass, greatly lowering the experimental threshold.
In this work, we examine the entanglement dynamics of two massive particles confined within their respective infinite square potential wells induced by gravity. Assuming that each particle is initially in the ground state of its infinite square well, we investigate the formation of entanglement between the particles as a result of their gravitational interaction during their adiabatic movement towards each other. Our results reveal that, under suitable parameters, entanglement swiftly emerges. Compared to previous schemes, our approach significantly reduces the particle mass, greatly lowering the experimental threshold.
Gravitationally induced entanglement has been proposed as a probe of the quantum nature of gravity. This work analyzes a system of two particles in harmonic traps interacting only through gravity, considering thermal and two-mode squeezed initial states. For thermal states, a maximum temperature is identified above which entanglement cannot be generated, and for fixed system parameters an optimal trap frequency that maximizes the logarithmic negativity is found. Squeezing the initial state does not further enhance the entanglement generation, but increases the temperature range over which it can be observed. Extending the analysis to general Gaussian states, an upper bound on the achievable entanglement is derived and shown to be saturated, for example, by ground and squeezed states. The results show that the amount of entanglement generated in this setup is extremely small, highlighting the experimental challenges of observing gravitationally induced quantum effects.
We analyze the dynamics of a gravity-induced entanglement for N massive particles. Considering the linear configuration of these particles, we investigate the entanglement between a specific pair of particles under the influence of the gravitational interaction between the massive particles. As the particle number increases, the specific particle pair decoheres more easily due to the gravitational interaction with other particles. The timescale of the gravity-induced decoherence is analytically determined. We also discuss the entanglement dynamics of initially entangled particles, which exemplify the monogamy of the gravity-induced entanglement.
The purpose of this study is to calculate the entanglement measure for a bipartite system where the two subsystems interact via a central potential, and more importantly, to analyze the conceptual implication in the case of gravitational potential. Through numerical calculation, we confirm that the ground state of such quantum system is an entangled state. This raises a question whether a quantum ground state describing masses interacting through gravity can ever be a separable state. Entanglement seems to be an intrinsic characteristic for the ground state when mutual gravitational interaction is involved. Although the study is in the context of non-relativistic quantum mechanics, it provides hints for a quantum gravity theory in the limit of very weak field and low relative velocity. The entanglement of the ground state of two masses seems intrinsically connecting to the curvature of spacetime they create.
We investigate gravitationally generated entanglement in two quantum harmonic oscillators induced by quadratic (Stelle) gravity, including corrections up to 1.5 post-Newtonian order. Starting from the quadratic action, we derive the effective two-body Hamiltonian for two harmonically trapped masses, incorporating the contributions of the massive spin-2 ghost (m2) and massive spin-0 (m0) degrees of freedom of the gravitational field. For two quantised oscillators prepared in their ground state, we compute the von Neumann and Rényi entropies of the reduced state and identify a frequency at which the gravitationally-induced entanglement vanishes due to cancellation between relativistic momentum squeezing and quantum-delocalisation-induced position squeezing. We further analyze the cancellation frequency and derive the approximate constraint m0<34m2 for the spin-2 and spin-0 modes. This relation follows from demanding a stable harmonic oscillator description. Finally, we study gravitationally-induced concurrence in a non-Gaussian setup and show how quadratic gravity modifies the entanglement generated between two spatial superpositions. The concurrence can approach O(1) for certain choices of mass, spatial superposition, particle distance, and spin-2 and spin-0 modes. The concurrence will deviate from Newtonian gravity at certain particle separations, depending on the energy of the spin-2 and spin-0 modes. For example, spin modes as low as 0.0197 eV become distinguishable from Newtonian gravity at a distance d∼40μm. This allows us to constrain the spin-2 and spin-0 masses in experiments.
We investigate the generation rate of quantum gravity induced entanglement of masses (QGEM) in setups with multiple quantum massive particles, among which only the gravity interaction due to the Newton potential is taken into account. When the distance between any two adjacent Stern-Gerlach devices is fixed, we consider all the possible configurations of the setup with the same number of particles. In particular, we systemically analyze the case of particle number n=4 and find that the prism setup with a massive particle at the center is the most efficient setup for the entanglement generation. This result can be extended to a system with multiple particles up to seven, where the entanglement efficiency is also enhanced in comparison with the setup with fewer particles. This work provides the strategy to construct the quantum gravity induced entanglement of masses setup with the best generation rate of entanglement.