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International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Embedded Design (ISED)

Hybrid Classical-Quantum Neural Network for n-Dimensional Embedding

Arnab Das, Shyamapada Mukherjee

Published Dec 20, 2024• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Embedding of n-dimensional data in quantum space is an essential component in quantum computing realm. This research area is quite challenging with limited computational resources and complex quantum architecture. To overcome these problems, quantum approaches have been integrated with classical neural network. This hybrid model encodes the features using both angle encoding and amplitude encoding over quantum hilbert space, which is then processed through a Variational Quantum Circuit (VQC). These embedded features are fed to the classical neural network that enhances the performance of the traditional methods. A synthetic barcode and stripes (BAS) dataset was created for the verification of the proposed model. The results show that classical optimization methods, specifically gradient descent with momentum, achieve an accuracy of 82.38% for 4×4 data which is a significant improvement over existing researches that are limited to lower-dimensional data embedding.

DOI
10.1109/ised63599.2024.10957130

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Embedding of n-dimensional data in quantum space is an essential component in quantum computing realm. This research area is quite challenging with limited computational resources and complex quantum architecture. To overcome these problems, quantum approaches have been integrated with classical neural network. This hybrid model encodes the features using both angle encoding and amplitude encoding over quantum hilbert space, which is then processed through a Variational Quantum Circuit (VQC). These embedded features are fed to the classical neural network that enhances the performance of the traditional methods. A synthetic barcode and stripes (BAS) dataset was created for the verification of the proposed model. The results show that classical optimization methods, specifically gradient descent with momentum, achieve an accuracy of 82.38% for 4×4 data which is a significant improvement over existing researches that are limited to lower-dimensional data embedding.
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Abstract Quantum neural networks have emerged as a promising approach to solving complex problems across various domains, especially when integrated with classical methods. Several hybrid quantum-classical architectures have been developed to leverage the potential of quantum advantages for image classification tasks. The design of the quantum layer plays an important role in exploiting quantum properties such as superposition and entanglement. In this research, we propose hybrid quantum neural networks with multiple quantum layers, utilizing sequential circuits for enhanced feature representation through structured depth, and non-sequential circuits to reduce complexity and improve performance. Our experimental results demonstrate that stacking multiple layers in the quantum circuit enhances performance significantly. Furthermore, the results indicate that the optimal range of 6–10 qubits achieves the best trade-off between accuracy and computational efficiency. The results also show that amplitude embedding consistently outperformed angle embedding for image classification tasks. Notably, our proposed hybrid sequential model with amplitude embedding outperforms traditional convolutional neural networks on MNIST and Fashion-MNIST datasets, while requiring fewer parameters. These findings provide valuable insights for advancing quantum machine learning in real-world applications.