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Proceedings of the Steklov Institute of Mathematics

Mathematical Modeling of the Dynamics of a Spaser with Broken Inversion Symmetry in a Low-Frequency Monochromatic Field

Andrey Vladimirovich Soldatov

Published Dec 1, 2024• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract The radiation spectrum of an elementary spaser (dipole nanolaser) interacting with an external low-frequency monochromatic driving field below the lasing threshold is investigated within the model approach. The mathematical model of the spaser includes (i) a plasmonic oscillatory mode of a metal nanoparticle interacting with an asymmetric single-electron two-level semiconductor quantum dot with broken spatial inversion symmetry in which inverse population is maintained by incoherent pumping and (ii) a dissipative environment interacting with both the plasmonic nanoparticle and the quantum dot. It is shown that one can effectively control the radiation spectrum of the spaser by varying the amplitude and frequency of the low-frequency field.

DOI
10.1134/s008154382406021x

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Abstract The radiation spectrum of an elementary spaser (dipole nanolaser) interacting with an external low-frequency monochromatic driving field below the lasing threshold is investigated within the model approach. The mathematical model of the spaser includes (i) a plasmonic oscillatory mode of a metal nanoparticle interacting with an asymmetric single-electron two-level semiconductor quantum dot with broken spatial inversion symmetry in which inverse population is maintained by incoherent pumping and (ii) a dissipative environment interacting with both the plasmonic nanoparticle and the quantum dot. It is shown that one can effectively control the radiation spectrum of the spaser by varying the amplitude and frequency of the low-frequency field.
Abstract We studied spectral properties of high-frequency fluorescent radiation from a two-level quantum system with broken inversion spatial symmetry, which can be implemented as a model of a one-electron two-level asymmetric polar semiconductor quantum dot whose electric dipole moment operator has permanent unequal diagonal matrix elements. The case of the excitation of this system by incoherent pumping of some sort supplemented with an additional driving monochromatic field, which frequency is much lower than the optical transition frequency of the quantum dot, was considered. An analytical expression for the fluorescence spectrum as a function of the amplitude and frequency of the monochromatic driving field, as well as of the pumping intensity, was derived. We also discussed feasible practical applications of the effects under study in the field of quantum optics and optoelectronics for the generation of high-frequency radiation, possessing stationary equidistant spectrum, and for the control of the radiative properties of such nanodevices as spasers (dipole nanolasers).
We studied time-dependent features of high-frequency fluorescent radiation from a two-level quantum system with broken inversion spatial symmetry. The system in question was modelled after a one-electron two-level asymmetric polar semiconductor quantum dot whose electric dipole moment operator has permanent unequal diagonal matrix elements. The dot was permanently excited by incoherent pumping of some sort. Our attention was focused on the evolution of the fluorescence spectrum following abrupt switching on of an additional driving monochromatic field, which frequency is much lower than the optical transition frequency of the quantum dot. An analytical expression for the fluorescence spectrum as a function of the amplitude, initial phase and frequency of the monochromatic driving field, as well as of the pumping intensity and the elapsed time, was derived.
Abstract We propose a scheme for controlling the absorption and RFS of a quantum dot (QD) with broken inversion symmetry interacting with a plasmonic nanostructure. The QD is described as a two-level atom-like system with a permanent dipole moment in the excited state. A linearly polarized laser field drives the optical transition of the QD and produces localized surface plasmons in the MNP. The influence of plasmonic effects between the nanoparticle and the dot is analyzed using the Green tensor method. We found terahertz (THz) emission in the resonance fluorescence spectrum when the laser frequency lies above the transition frequency. The position and strength of the THz peaks is controlled by means of the dot-nanoparticle separation. The quantum nature of the emitted THz photons is analyzed by evaluating the second-order fluorescence intensity correlation function. We found a periodic alternation of photon bunching and anti-bunching with a period that depends on the polarization of the driving field.
Abstract In this article, we theoretically investigate a spaser (surface plasmon amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) comprising a spherical silver nanoparticle surrounded by a four-level gain medium of quantum dots. The spaser system is pumped coherently and incoherently with the same excitation rate, and the characteristics of the resultant coherent localized surface plasmon (LSP) mode are compared for the two pumping scenarios. We provide a detailed analytical expression for the steady state and demonstrate that the incoherent pump is more suitable for the continuous spaser mode. The reason is better understood by studying the temporal evolution of the number of LSPs N n , where the LSP oscillation starts earlier for an incoherent drive and relaxes to a steady state with a large value of N n . At a large pump rate, the spaser curve shows saturation. In addition, we have found that the resonance peak of the spaser field is independent of coherent and incoherent pumping, whereas the peak amplitude of the field depends on the pump rate.
A model of resonance interaction of a chain of periodically spaced metal nanoparticles with a chain of quantum dots is developed. The conditions leading to oscillation in a chain of spasers in the vicinity of narrow plasmon resonances are determined. It is shown that the lowest oscillation threshold can be achieved under anomalously small values of population inversion. In this case, the range of oscillation frequency variation upon changing the resonance frequency of quantum dots can be substantially narrower that the plasmon-resonance linewidth.
A ``dipole'' laser is proposed consisting of a nanoparticle and a two-level system with population inversion. If the threshold conditions are fulfilled, the dipole interaction between the two-level system and the nanoparticle leads to coherent oscillations in the polarization of the particles, even in the absence of an external electromagnetic field. The emitted radiation has a dipolar distribution. It does not need an optical cavity, and has a very small volume, $\ensuremath{\sim}0.1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\mu}{\mathrm{m}}^{3}$, which can be important for applications in microelectronics. Estimates of the threshold conditions are carried out for a dipole laser composed of a quantum dot and a silver nanoparticle.