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Advanced Quantum Technologies

Chiral Coupling‐Enabled Optical Nonreciprocity in a Cavity Magnomechanical System

Gang Yang, Si‐Yu Guan, Xue Yan Han, Tie Wang, Shou Zhang, Hong‐Fu Wang

Published Mar 24, 2025• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Nonreciprocal optical responses are investigated, induced by the chiral coupling in a cavity magnomechanical system, which contains a ring resonator and an yttrium iron garnet disk. Benefiting from the chiral magnon‐photon coupling, the signal from different directions can exhibit different optical responses for bistability, transmission, group delay, and quantum noise. Notably, optical nonreciprocity with isolation up to 30 dB can be realized based on chiral‐induced the breaking of Lorentzian reciprocity. Moreover, the introduction of magnon modes can achieve directional conversion between fast light and slow light, resulting in that direction‐dependent nonreciprocal fast‐slow light effect can also be achieved utilizing magnetic devices with chirality. At the same time, the nonreciprocal coexistence range of fast light and slow light can also be efficiently broadened by chiral magnon‐photon coupling strength. Furthermore, it can be observed that the quantum noise spectrum of the system is robust to temperature, even at 50 mK. This study not only reveals the important role of chiral coupling in the optical nonreciprocity, but also provides an efficient method for the development of optical nonreciprocal devices.

DOI
10.1002/qute.202400702

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Abstract Nonreciprocal optical responses are investigated, induced by the chiral coupling in a cavity magnomechanical system, which contains a ring resonator and an yttrium iron garnet disk. Benefiting from the chiral magnon‐photon coupling, the signal from different directions can exhibit different optical responses for bistability, transmission, group delay, and quantum noise. Notably, optical nonreciprocity with isolation up to 30 dB can be realized based on chiral‐induced the breaking of Lorentzian reciprocity. Moreover, the introduction of magnon modes can achieve directional conversion between fast light and slow light, resulting in that direction‐dependent nonreciprocal fast‐slow light effect can also be achieved utilizing magnetic devices with chirality. At the same time, the nonreciprocal coexistence range of fast light and slow light can also be efficiently broadened by chiral magnon‐photon coupling strength. Furthermore, it can be observed that the quantum noise spectrum of the system is robust to temperature, even at 50 mK. This study not only reveals the important role of chiral coupling in the optical nonreciprocity, but also provides an efficient method for the development of optical nonreciprocal devices.
We propose a scheme for realizing nonreciprocal transparency, Fano resonances, and slow/fast light in a hybrid cavity magnomechanical system containing two YIG spheres and a mechanical resonator. The nonreciprocal behavior originates from the magnon Kerr nonlinearity, which induces direction-dependent frequency shifts and modifies the interference pathways among cavity photons, magnons, and phonons. We show that the hybrid system supports multiple transparency windows arising from magnon- and magnomechanical-induced interference processes. The Kerr interaction strongly reshapes these transparency features, producing asymmetric Fano resonance line shapes and enabling controllable nonreciprocal transmission. Furthermore, the associated dispersion exhibits pronounced directional asymmetry, leading to giant differences in the group delay for opposite propagation directions and allowing reversible switching between slow- and fast-light regimes. We investigate the roles of hybrid coupling strengths and dissipation channels and identify parameter regimes where the nonreciprocal response is maximized. These findings establish Kerr-engineered magnomechanical systems as promising platforms for integrated nonreciprocal microwave photonics and quantum information technologies.
Nonreciprocal phenomena are currently a major focus of research within the fields of classical and quantum technology. In this work, we theoretically investigate the interplay among multiple magnomechanically induced transparency (MMIT) windows, Fano resonances, slow/fast light, and nonreciprocal absorption and group delay in a hybrid cavity magnomechanical system. This system is composed of two yttrium iron garnet (YIG) spheres and a membrane positioned at the center of the cavity. By analyzing the absorption spectrum of a weak probe field in the presence of a strong control field, we demonstrate the emergence of five transparency windows resulting from combined photon-phonon, photon-magnon, and phonon-magnon interactions. The photon-phonon coupling associated with the membrane plays a crucial role in enhancing and tailoring these transparency features. We further examine the impact of the Barnett effect on the absorption and dispersion characteristics, showing that it enables the controllable manipulation of transparency windows and the generation of tunable Fano resonance profiles. The influence of cavity decay and magnon dissipation rates on the spectral response is also analyzed. In addition, we demonstrate that the group delay of the transmitted probe field can be effectively tuned via the photon-phonon coupling strength and the Barnett effect, allowing for a controllable transition between slow and fast light regimes. Finally, nonreciprocal absorption and group delay are achieved through appropriate adjustment of the coupling parameters. These findings highlight the potential of the proposed hybrid system for applications in optical signal processing and quantum information technologies.
We theoretically investigate the quantum coherence ans its nonreciprocity in a cavity magnomechanical (CMM) syetem, which consists of a rotating yittrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere and a microwave cavity. By adjusting the direction of the magnetic field, the frequency shift of a magnon mode can be tuned from positive to negative due to the Barnett effect. This effect leads to a significant difference in the system stability and is responsible for the nonreciprocal quantum coherence. We examine how the input power, magnomechanical and magnon-photon coupling rates, decay rates of both the cavity photon modes and the magnon modes influence the quantum coherence. Through careful tuning of system parameters, nearly perfect nonreciprocity can be achieved. Our results provide a controllable mechanism for direction-dependent quantum coherence, with potential applications in nonreciprocal quantum devices and information processing.
We theoretically investigate the quantum coherence and its nonreciprocity in a cavity magnomechanical system composed of a spinning microwave resonant cavity and an yttrium iron garnet sphere. The optical Fizeau shift related to the driving direction of the microwave cavity is responsible for an important source of nonreciprocity in the stability of the system, which leads to the nonreciprocal quantum coherence. Remarkably, the quantum coherence of the mechanical motion mode can be greater than that of the microwave photon and the magnon modes, which describes a significant enhancement of the correlations of the system. We also analyze in detail the influence of the strength of the magnomechanical coupling, the Kerr nonlinearity, and the effective detunings on the quantum coherence. Our paper paves the way for optimizing the stability range of coupled systems and maintaining more reliable quantum coherence by designing and modulating the system parameters in cavity magnetomechanical systems.
Abstract In this study, a scheme is proposed to generate nonreciprocal strong mechanical squeezing in a cavity‐magnon optomechanical system based on the Kerr nonlinearity of the yttrium‐iron garnet (YIG) sphere. It is found that the magnon squeezing can be directly produced by the Kerr effect and it can induce strong mechanical squeezing through the squeezing transfer achieved by the cavity‐magnon interaction and the optomechanical interaction. The results further show that the mechanical mode coupled to the cavity can achieve squeezing effect in the selected magnetic field direction, but not in the opposite one. Moreover, by properly adjusting the magnon effective detuning and the Kerr effect strength, the degree of squeezing of the mechanical mode can even beyond the 3‐dB limit, and the optimal conditions for generating stronger squeezing are obtained. This work has important applications in the nonreciprocal quantum devices, quantum information processing, and quantum precision measurement.
Ultrahigh nonreciprocal transmission has been achieved in a cavity-magnon system, which consists of two whispering gallery modes (WGMs) and a single magnon mode within a magnetic insulator yttrium iron garnet sphere. The nonreciprocal frequency shift induced by the Sagnac effect enables unidirectional transmission of an input field, while suppressing propagation in the opposite direction, thereby facilitating nonreciprocal optical transmission. Within experimentally accessible parameter regimes, the optical isolation ratio can exceed 40 dB, representing the highest isolation ratio reported to date. Furthermore, applying squeezing to the magnon mode further enhances this isolation performance. Additionally, the directionality of light isolation can be reversed simply by modifying the rotation of the WGM cavity. These findings offer promising prospects for developing high-performance, tunable, and compact optical nonreciprocal devices.