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Optical and Quantum Sensing and Precision Metrology II

Creating non-classical states of light through photon arithmetic with single emitters and atomic ensembles

Abdolreza Pasharavesh, Sai Sreesh Venuturumilli, Supratik Sarkar, Michal Bajcsy

Published Mar 19, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1117/12.3053402

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Quantum attributes of light have been related to non-classicality so far, i. e. to incompatibility with mixtures of coherent states. The progress in quantum optics indicates that this feature does not suffice to witness exotic behavior of light. Contrary, quantum non-Gaussianity is starting to appear as a promising and applicable property reflecting interesting states of light that are suitable for quantum protocols. We investigate a newly introduced hierarchy of criteria of quantum non-Gaussianity and predict this attribute can be observed on light emitted from many single photon emitters, even if the light undergoes realistic optical losses. It contrasts negativity of Wigner function, that is unreachable in experimental platforms with losses above fifty percent.
We demonstrate a new approach for creating deterministic photon-photon interactions for optical quantum engineering, based on a single-ended medium-finesse optical cavity containing a mesoscopic atomic ensemble. This ensemble is made transparent by a laser beam mapping intracavity photons into Rydberg polaritons. The transparency vanishes when the cloud, acting as a single collective two-level "superatom" with an enhanced coupling to light, is driven from the ground to a Rydberg state. We observe collectively-enhanced Rabi oscillations between these states, optically discriminate them in a single shot with a 95% effciency, and show that a change between the two internal states of the superatom induces a π phase rotation on the light reflected off of the cavity. These ingredients form a complete set of tools for implementing deterministic photonic entangling gates and for generating highly non-classical light without the need for a low-volume high-finesse cavity.