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End-to-end Encoders Stabilize Quantum Convolutional Neural Networks for Medical Image Classification

Leyi Tang, Merlin A. Nau, Andreas Maier

Published Jan 1, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/978-3-658-47422-5_36

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Medical imaging plays an important role in the early diagnosis of various diseases. In machine learning algorithms, texture, color, and shape features are primarily used. This may result in a system with inadequate model generalization capabilities. The development of an end-to-end model that can classify unprocessed medical images is now possible by recent advances in deep learning. The heavy demands of deep learning on memory and computer resources result in further advancement in the processing of complex data. As a result, quantum computing offers potential solutions that take advantage of quantum mechanics concepts like entanglement, superposition, and interference. This chapter introduces a new medical image classification model based on the quantum convolutional neural network (QCNN). Three benchmark datasets are used to evaluate the performance of QCNN; PneumoniaMNIST, VesselMNIST3D, and brain tumor MRI images. The experimental results showed that the proposed model based on the proposed QCNN is very promising.
Quantum Convolutional Neural Networks (QCNNs) have became a promising field for quantum advantage in feature extraction and classification of different datasets like Handwritten datasets, Fashion datasets, particularly useful for complex datasets like medical images. Medical image classification has emerged as a critical component in modern healthcare diagnostics, particularly for tumor detection and cancer diagnosis. Normally, Classical CNN is used for image classification but they may face certain challenges in achieving further improvements in accuracy, computational efficiency, processing time. Also, it becomes difficult to train for high-dimensional medical datasets and extracting complex feature representations. Therefore, In this proposal, Image classification through a Scalable and Resource efficient QCNN is proposed which integrates classical CNN with quantum computing. This review examines the current state of medical image classification for tumor detection, analyzes the transition from classical CNNs to quantum-based architectures, and explores the potential of QCNNs in revolutionizing medical diagnostics. This research includes QCNN architecture which will include selective feature encoding using encoding technique such as Z Feature map and quantum circuits for convolutional layers and pooling layers to handle multi-modal medical data (e.g., MRI and CT scans). We aim to achieve superior accuracy with reduced parameters over classical CNNs. This work advances quantum ML toward practical deployment in resource-limited healthcare settings.
This study investigates the application of a Advanced Intelligent Quantum Convolutional Neural Network (AI-QCNN) for classifying skin cancer images using the HAM10000 dataset. By integrating quantum computing with traditional CNN techniques, the model aims to enhance both classification accuracy and processing efficiency. During preprocessing, images undergo normalization, resizing, and augmentation to improve data quality and diversity, which helps the model to generalize more effectively and mitigate overfitting. The AIQCNN architecture combines classical convolutional layers for initial feature extraction with quantum circuits that further refine these features through quantum entanglement, resulting in improved classification outcomes. The AIQCNN achieves a training accuracy of 96% and a validation accuracy of 84%, demonstrating faster convergence and greater stability compared to conventional CNNs. These results highlight the potential of quantum computing to advance medical image classification and suggest opportunities for optimizing down sampling techniques and applying the model to various other medical imaging tasks.