In the later years, the quantum sensor is considered to be one of the key techniques for the next generation of sensors and provides a new paradigm for sensing technology. Within the realm of quantum technology, Quantum sensing is a rapidly growing research subject that focuses on spin qubits, trapped ions, and flux qubits as the most prevalent platforms. Quantum sensors and quantum sensing techniques based on integrated quantum photonics serve as the foundation for the realization of these next-generation sensing. The paper presents a brief review of quantum sensor techniques, applications, and recent advancements in the domain of quantum sensors over the last few years.
In the later years, the quantum sensor is considered to be one of the key techniques for the next generation of sensors and provides a new paradigm for sensing technology. Within the realm of quantum technology, Quantum sensing is a rapidly growing research subject that focuses on spin qubits, trapped ions, and flux qubits as the most prevalent platforms. Quantum sensors and quantum sensing techniques based on integrated quantum photonics serve as the foundation for the realization of these next-generation sensing. The paper presents a brief review of quantum sensor techniques, applications, and recent advancements in the domain of quantum sensors over the last few years.
Background: High-precision sensing is vital for modern technology, yet conventional sensors are fundamentally constrained by classical noise limits. Quantum sensing leverages principles of quantum mechanics, such as superposition and entanglement, to overcome these barriers, offering unprecedented sensitivity. This review comprehensively analyzes the current state of quantum sensor technology, focusing on its underlying physical principles, emerging applications, and the pathway toward industrial maturation.Methods: We synthesize findings from key research areas, detailing the foundational quantum systems like Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers in diamond and advanced optical techniques. The paper reviews the theoretical methods used to achieve sub-shot-noise performance and discusses the system-level engineering challenges necessary for practical deployment, particularly concerning microwave control and optical readout. We also assess the current landscape of standardization efforts for quantum technologies.Results: Significant breakthroughs are highlighted in both biomedical and environmental sensing. Applications range from tracking cellular redox-status using electron-paramagnetic resonance to ultra-sensitive salinity measurements. The analysis confirms that quantum sensing provides superior resolution compared to classical counterparts, unlocking new capabilities in in-vivo and real-time monitoring.Discussion: While offering transformative potential, widespread adoption faces hurdles, including the maintenance of quantum coherence in ambient environments and the high cost and complexity of current instrumentation. Future efforts must focus on miniaturization, integration with classical systems, and standardized fabrication protocols. Quantum sensing represents the next-generation technological paradigm for metrology.
Quantum sensing leverages the properties of quantum systems-such as energy quantization, superposition, and entanglement -to achieve sensitive measurements.[1] Quantum sensors can be based on various platforms, such as photons, cold atoms, solid-state spin qubits, and superconducting circuits, for different applications.Over the last decade, quantum sensing has not only opened new avenues for precision measurement in various scientific domains [2,3] but also made remarkable breakthroughs in biomedical, navigation, energy, and other applications.[4-6] To enhance the benefits of quantum sensing, it is crucial to address challenges related to materials [7] and system engineering [8] to improve sensitivity, reliability, and real-time monitoring.Current research efforts span a diverse range of scientific and technological advancements to address these issues and enable new applications.The Special Issue "Quantum Sensing," edited by Tongcang Li, Renbao Liu, and Chong Zu, features 2 review articles and 13 original articles, reporting the latest advancements in the field.This
Abstract On its revolutionary threshold, quantum sensing is creating potentially transformative opportunities to exploit intricate quantum mechanical phenomena in new ways to make ultrasensitive measurements of multiple parameters. Concurrently, growing interest in quantum sensing has created opportunities for its deployment to improve processes pertaining to energy production, distribution, and consumption. Safe and secure utilization of energy is dependent upon addressing challenges related to material stability and function, secure monitoring of infrastructure, and accuracy in detection and measurement. A summary of well‐established and emerging quantum sensing materials and techniques, as well as the corresponding sensing platforms that have been developed for their deployment is provided here. Specifically, the enhancement of existing advanced sensing technologies with quantum methods and materials is focused on, enabling the realization of an unprecedented level of sensitivity, placing an emphasis on relevance to the energy industry. The review concludes with a discussion on high‐value applications of quantum sensing to the energy sector, as well as remaining barriers to sensor deployment.
Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in understating the limitations imposed by quantum noise in precision measurements and devising techniques to reduce it. The attention is currently turning to the simultaneously estimation of several parameters of interest, driven by its promising potential across a wide range of sensing applications as well as fueled by experimental progress in various optical and atomic platforms. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of key research directions in multiparameter quantum sensing and metrology, highlighting both opportunities and challenges. We introduce the basic framework, discuss ultimate sensitivity bounds, optimal measurement strategies, and the role of quantum incompatibility, showing important differences with respect to single-parameter estimation. Additionally, we discuss emerging experimental implementations in distributed quantum sensing, including cutting-edge optimization techniques. This review aims to bridge the gap between theory and experiments, paving the way for the next-generation of quantum sensors and their integration with other quantum technologies.
The field of quantum sensing leverages quantum mechanical resources such as superposition, entanglement, and squeezing to surpass classical limits in measurement precision and enable new sensing modalities. This Special Topic Collection in Applied Physics Reviews brings together recent advances spanning theory, materials, device engineering, and applications of quantum sensors. Contributions cover a wide range of platforms, including atomic, solid-state, optomechanics, and photonics, highlighting both fundamental science and emerging technologies. The collection illustrates the transition of quantum sensing from foundational concepts toward scalable technologies and broadens its impact across physics, engineering, and applied sciences.
Abstract This review provides a comprehensive overview of the key materials underpinning quantum technologies, including two-dimensional system (2D), superconducting materials, and nitrogen-vacancy (NV − ) centers in diamond. Particular emphasis is placed on their roles in quantum sensing, communication, and qubit design. Quantum sensors, such as atomic vapor magnetometers, solid-state spin sensors, and superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUID) circuits, have become essential tools for measuring magnetic fields and detecting physical phenomena at extremely small scales. These technologies, with diverse applications ranging from medicine and geophysics to biotechnology and materials science, offer new opportunities for detecting and measuring nanoscale phenomena and are poised to play a key role in the future of quantum technologies.