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URSI Regional Conference on Radio Science (URSI-RCRS)

Diffraction gratings for laser cooling of atoms

Abhishek Bhardwaj, Aishik Acharya

Published Jan 1, 2024• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.46620/ursi_rsrc24/1007ikd2487

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It has recently been shown that optical reflection gratings fabricated directly into an atom chip provide a simple and effective way to trap and cool substantial clouds of atoms (Nshii et al. in Nat Nanotechnol 8:321-324, 2013; McGilligan et al. in Opt Express 23(7):8948-8959, 2015). In this article, we describe how the gratings are designed and microfabricated and we characterise their optical properties, which determine their effectiveness as a cold atom source. We use simple scalar diffraction theory to understand how the morphology of the gratings determines the power in the diffracted beams.
Technologies based on laser-cooled atoms are leading candidates for the realization of mobile quantum devices for networking, timekeeping, and vacuum measurement. Moving laser-cooled atoms beyond the laboratory and into deployable devices requires a drastically smaller apparatus. The authors describe a compact laser cooling and trapping system for lithium vapor that is just the size of a coffee cup, and uses a nanofabricated diffraction grating to minimize external optics. This design can be adapted to trap other elements or even molecules, allowing the development of a host of field-usable quantum devices.