‘Quantum Convolutional Neural Networks’ - QCNN is quantum machine learning model that has the potential of improving the accuracy of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) diagnosis. Alzheimer’s disease - a neurodegenerative disorder - is considered to be the major cause of Dementia. Early diagnosis of AD is critical for improving patient outcomes. However, current diagnostic methods are often less accurate and time-consuming. QCNNs are able to learn complex features from data, which could be used to identify early signs of AD thereby resulting in an early diagnosis of a disease. This proposed technique will investigate the use of QCNN for AD diagnosis. A QCNN will be trained on a large image dataset from healthy controls & AD patients. The QCNN will then be fine-tuned on a smaller image datasets of patients with suspected AD. The performance of the QCNN will be evaluated on a test dataset of images from patients with suspected AD. This work attempts to design and develop a technique for early disease diagnosis. The QCNN could achieve 88% accuracy in classifying the data(2022) Li et al.[2]. They used a QCNN to diagnose AD from brain functional connectivity data. In another study, by Chen et al.[3], a QCNN could achieve 90% accuracy in classifying the images (2022). So taking inspiration from this, we are proposing to fine tune the QCNN in such a way as to further improve its performance and thereby resulting in more accuracy. The results of the proposed work would highlight the potential of QCNN for AD early diagnosis. If the results are promising, QCNN could be a valuable tool for early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease and thereby assists in saving millions of lives.
‘Quantum Convolutional Neural Networks’ - QCNN is quantum machine learning model that has the potential of improving the accuracy of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) diagnosis. Alzheimer’s disease - a neurodegenerative disorder - is considered to be the major cause of Dementia. Early diagnosis of AD is critical for improving patient outcomes. However, current diagnostic methods are often less accurate and time-consuming. QCNNs are able to learn complex features from data, which could be used to identify early signs of AD thereby resulting in an early diagnosis of a disease. This proposed technique will investigate the use of QCNN for AD diagnosis. A QCNN will be trained on a large image dataset from healthy controls & AD patients. The QCNN will then be fine-tuned on a smaller image datasets of patients with suspected AD. The performance of the QCNN will be evaluated on a test dataset of images from patients with suspected AD. This work attempts to design and develop a technique for early disease diagnosis. The QCNN could achieve 88% accuracy in classifying the data(2022) Li et al.[2]. They used a QCNN to diagnose AD from brain functional connectivity data. In another study, by Chen et al.[3], a QCNN could achieve 90% accuracy in classifying the images (2022). So taking inspiration from this, we are proposing to fine tune the QCNN in such a way as to further improve its performance and thereby resulting in more accuracy. The results of the proposed work would highlight the potential of QCNN for AD early diagnosis. If the results are promising, QCNN could be a valuable tool for early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease and thereby assists in saving millions of lives.
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) first strikes learning regions of the brain and is one of the most prevalent forms of dementia. Early diagnosis is crucial for optimum management of treatment, as the disorder is both irreversible and progressive. The current research outlines an end-to-end approach toward early diagnosis of AD by utilizing the hippocampus and transfer learning. The results of a conventional machine learning model—Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)—are compared to those of a Quantum Convolutional Neural Network (QCNN), an adaptation of the conventional CNN through the use of quantum computing methods like quantum kernel estimation. QCNN achieves greater efficiency in processing high-dimensional data than traditional CNNs. The main symptoms of Alzheimer’s are memory loss and cognitive impairment, caused by the degeneration and death of those neurons related to memory. Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) lies between cognition within the range of normality and Alzheimer’s. The early diagnosis of MCI has the potential to decelerate or even prevent the development of Alzheimer’s. In this paper, we have established that the QCNN model reached precision at 0.88 and recall at 0.96, compared to the classic CNN, where precision at 0.80, and recall at 0.84 have been achieved. The results highlight the prospective ability of Quantum Machine Learning (QML) to diagnose Alzheimer’s Disease at an early stage.
Alzheimer's disease affects our thinking and behavior. It is one of the types of dementia. It initially affects the brain’s learning regions. Since the disease is both progressive and irreversible, early diagnosis is vital for effective treatment management. This research presents a comprehensive, end-to-end approach for early detection of Alzheimer’s by focusing on the hippocampus and leveraging transfer learning. The study compares the performance of a Quantum Convolutional Neural Network (QCNN) with that of a Quantum Support Vector Machine (QSVM). Findings suggest that QCNN is more efficient at handling high-dimensional data compared to QSVM. Alzheimer's disease is mainly defined by the deterioration of memory and cognitive abilities, which results from the degeneration and death of neurons that play a crucial role in memory function. Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), which sits between normal cognitive function and Alzheimer’s, offers a critical window for early intervention. Diagnosing MCI early may help delay or even prevent the onset of Alzheimer’s. The results of our experiment show that the QCNN model achieved a precision of 0.88, recall of 0.96, and an accuracy of 0.59. In contrast, the QSVM model recorded a precision of 0.85, recall of 1.00, and an accuracy of 0.85. These findings indicate that both quantum machine learning models demonstrate strong potential and complement each other in performance.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative condition that affects millions globally, with early diagnosis being crucial for effective intervention and treatment. This project explores Quantum Neural Networks (QNN) combined with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data to enhance diagnosis accuracy. This hybrid quantum- classical approach leverages advanced preprocessing techniques, uncovering intricate patterns in MRI data. The study highlights the potential of quantum computing in revolutionizing early-stage Alzheimer's detection, achieving superior performance over traditional methods. Keywords— Alzheimer’s disease, Quantum Computing, MRI, Machine Learning, Quantum Neural Networks
Quantum machine learning is a new research field combining quantum information science and machine learning. Quantum computing technologies appear to be particularly well-suited for addressing problems in the health sector efficiently. They have the potential to handle large datasets more effectively than classical models and offer greater transparency and interpretability for clinicians. Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative brain disorder that mostly affects elderly people, causing important cognitive impairments. It is the most common cause of dementia and it has an effect on memory, thought, learning abilities and movement control. This type of disease has no cure, consequently an early diagnosis is fundamental for reducing its impact. The analysis of handwriting can be effective for diagnosing, as many researches have conjectured. The DARWIN (Diagnosis AlzheimeR WIth haNdwriting) dataset contains handwriting samples from people affected by Alzheimer’s disease and a group of healthy people. Here we apply quantum AI to this use-case. In particular, we use this dataset to test classical methods for classification and compare their performances with the ones obtained via quantum machine learning methods. We find that quantum methods generally perform better than classical methods. Our results pave the way for future new quantum machine learning applications in early-screening diagnostics in the healthcare domain.
The population aged 60 years is rapid increased to 20% of the total Indian population according to the statistics. Alzheimer is a disease which is a neurogenerative disorder. It is considered as the major cause of dementia. India is in critical scenario that faces increase in the elder population suffering from dementia. Hence, there arise a need for early diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD) in order to improve the patient’s mental health condition. Though, the existing diagnostic methods are accurate and fast computing, there arise a need to propose a model that aids in improved accuracy and reducing the computational time for early prediction of AD.The proposed model uses Enhanced variational Quantum Network(VAQ) that aids in improving the potential of AD in terms of accuracy and time complexity is designed to decide the feature extraction by processing the huge voluminous images and then fed the outcome into the classifier model. Alzheimer disease neuroimaging stage I and stage II are the datasets considered for applying VAQ for AD prediction. Both stage I and stage II dataset were combined together in order to process the resource efficiently for the diagnosis performs feature extraction and then the results been fed as input to the Quantum classifier. The classifier processes the data and classify the images as no dement, mild dement, average dement, very mild dement. The results are compared with already existing Convolutional Neural Network model (CNN) and Ensemble Classifier.
Abstract Neuro-imaging data is necessary for timely and correct diagnosis of the disease Alzheimer’s (AD). Early clinical intervention is challenging due to the high-dimensional nature of the images, making it computationally difficult to work on representations, sparse annotated datasets and inter-subject variance. Deep convolutional VGG, ResNet, DenseNet, MobileNet and other neural networks (CNNs) have shown good performance. Diagnostic performance, but they are based on a high number of parameters and require highly trained personnel. Data can often times restrict resilience to data-skimy clinical settings. To address these challenges, the current paper presents a hybrid Quantum Machine Learning (QML) architecture for Alzheimer’s disease Detection and classification based on a combination of classical CNN-based feature extraction and Variational quantum classifier. In the suggested method, diseased, relevant, and compact features are extracted using pre-trained CNN backbones. Data from structural MRI scans is later translated into quantum states and computed. With parameterised variational quantum circuits optimised with a hybrid quantum-classical learning loop. The proposed method has been experimentally evaluated on benchmark datasets of MRI scans of Alzheimer’s patients. The hybrid CNNQML model has a mean classification accuracy of about 93% which is similar to deep CNN models, including ResNet and DenseNet (94%), and much more. Beating lightweight models like MobileNet and shallow CNNs by six percentage points. It is worth noting that the hybrid QML model performs better in conditions with limited training data. Performance degradation is observed in accuracy and AUC for all CNN variants, with up to 5% lower performance to deep CNNs. Cross-validation, confidence interval, paired significance test, and statistical validation. Effect size analysis proves the fact that the hybrid model produces statistically significant performance, as well as cases of clinically meaningful improvements over lightweight CNN baselines. Similar to the state-of-the-art deep networks with significantly reduced trainable parameters in the classification stage. These findings show that hybrid QML is a data-efficient and powerful substitute in the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s. On the whole, this is a work that sets a practical way to integrate quantum machine learning into clinical neuro-imaging pipelines and hybrid settings. QML has supplementary deep-learning enhancement to classics in next-generation Alzheimer’s Decision-support systems.