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Materials Science and Engineering B

Qubit optical-cavity interaction and quantum synchronization of two qubits inside an optical lattice

Mohamed Barhoumi, Riccardo Bassoli, Frank H. P. Fitzek

Published Nov 20, 2024• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Atom-cavity interconnected systems offer an outstanding possibility for experiments in quantum computing and quantum information. Investigating the interaction between different light fields and atoms in a cavity is a vital study area of quantum optics. In this paper, we investigate the interaction between an atom(qubit) and the cavity. The Jaynes-Cummings approach is used to determine the probability of the cavity and qubit into bad and good regimes. Moreover, we examine the Wigner-functions of the cavity depending on the coupling strength. It is possible to synchronize atoms to create extremely precise atomic clocks, which might revolutionize several sectors, including navigation, communications, and scientific study. We show that the synchronization of two qubits inside an optical lattice can be accomplished using the driven Tavis-Cummings Hamiltonian. In this framework, we employ sixteen photons and show that the best quantum synchronization can be achieved between two qubits 𝑞1 and 𝑞2 in a weak regime.

DOI
10.1016/j.mseb.2024.117819

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Atom-cavity interconnected systems offer an outstanding possibility for experiments in quantum computing and quantum information. Investigating the interaction between different light fields and atoms in a cavity is a vital study area of quantum optics. In this paper, we investigate the interaction between an atom(qubit) and the cavity. The Jaynes-Cummings approach is used to determine the probability of the cavity and qubit into bad and good regimes. Moreover, we examine the Wigner-functions of the cavity depending on the coupling strength. It is possible to synchronize atoms to create extremely precise atomic clocks, which might revolutionize several sectors, including navigation, communications, and scientific study. We show that the synchronization of two qubits inside an optical lattice can be accomplished using the driven Tavis-Cummings Hamiltonian. In this framework, we employ sixteen photons and show that the best quantum synchronization can be achieved between two qubits 𝑞1 and 𝑞2 in a weak regime.
We consider a cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED) setup where an ensemble of spin-1 atoms driven by a classical field interacts with two driven cavity field modes. We show that the two sub-systems - the atoms and the two-mode cavity field, exhibit limit-cycle or quantum synchronization depending on the cavity drive strengths and other system parameters. In order to visualize the limit cycle and synchronization in the field, we introduce generalized two-mode field Husimi-Q function using SU(2) coherent states. For atomic spin states, we make use of spin-1 Husimi-Q function to visualize the same. We further corroborate the occurrence of field synchronization and limit cycle by analyzing U(1)U(1)U(1) symmetry breaking, Wigner quasi-probability distribution, coherence properties of reduced field density matrix. Our results reveal intriguing interplay between the limit-cycle and quantum synchronization behavior, highlighting emergent quantum phenomena in driven dissipative interacting quantum systems. Additionally, we calculate Wehrl mutual information between the two modes and find that the field synchronization and Wehrl mutual information are mutually exclusive. Our study would be important to extract quantum advantages in quantum metrology using coupled atom-cavity systems.
Abstract One of the most attractive systems for scalable quantum processing is the trapped atom in the optical cavity, which is easily manipulable with lasers. The qubit-cavity system represents an attractive structure for quantum optics, with possibilities for applications in quantum detecting, quantum computation, and quantum communication. Also, the investigation of the cavity-atom system under temperature is a fundamental concept in quantum optics and quantum information science. Here we continue in this quantum way, investigating different qubit(s)-cavity systems (where we increase the numbers of the qubit inside the optical cavity from one to four). Employing the Dicke model, we calculate the cavity ground state occupation probability ⟨â † ˆ a⟩ and the expectation values ⟨Jz⟩ for each system. We find that these probabilities increase when the coupling 1 strength Cs increases. This leads to reaching the ultra-strong coupling regime, which depends on the numbers of the qubits. To describe the quantum state, we examine the cavity Wigner function WF as a function of the coupling strength Cs. Under the same parameters (e.g., Cs and the dissipation rates), we obtain that the separation of the quantum state in the WFs representation is different from one system to another. Furthermore, since understanding these kinds of systems is very important in order to improve the quantum network system, we study the entropy S of the subsystems (like S of qubit) in each system. Also, we move beyond by studying the effect of the temperature on the Fock-state distribution occupation probability and entropy of the subsystems. Our outcomes present another step to understanding the qubit(s)-cavity interaction to improve the performance of the future quantum networks based on this system.
In a dissipative regime, we study the properties of several qubits coupled to a driven resonator in the framework of a Jaynes-Cummings model. The time evolution and the steady state of the system are numerically analyzed within the Lindblad master equation, with up to several million components. Two semi-analytical approaches, at weak and strong (semiclassical) dissipations, are developed to describe the steady state of this system and determine its validity by comparing it with the Lindblad equation results. We show that the synchronization of several qubits with the driving phase can be obtained due to their coupling to the resonator. We establish the existence of two different qubit synchronization regimes: In the first one, the semiclassical approach describes well the dynamics of qubits and, thus, their quantum features and entanglement are suppressed by dissipation and the synchronization is essentially classical. In the second one, the entangled steady state of a pair of qubits remains synchronized in the presence of dissipation and decoherence, corresponding to the regime non-existent in classical synchronization.
Abstract This work delves into the nonlocal correlation dynamics of the maximum-Bell nonlocality (MBN), uncertainty-induced nonlocality (UIN), and concurrence of two two-level atoms having time-dependent atomic locations within Tavis-Cummings model. By considering a scenario where the pure two qubits resonantly interact with an even coherent cavity field through a two-photon transition, we explore the nonlocal correlation dynamics of both moving and stationary two-atom configurations under varying conditions and coupling parameters. Our findings reveal that the coherent cavity induces the successful generation of nonlocal correlations between atoms in both modes, with moving atoms exhibiting higher and symmetrical nonlocal correlations. Interestingly, dynamical maps showcase distinct behaviors for atoms at rest, exhibiting precocity at higher atom-cavity strengths. Moreover, equal coupling strength results in lower quantum correlations. The UIN measure emerges as the most robust quantum function, showing enhancements with sustained unequal coupling strengths, contrasting with the MBN and concurrence. These insights offer a nuanced understanding of nonlocal correlations in the Tavis-Cummings model, essential for advancing quantum information science and technology.
The present work focuses on the strong/weak interaction of many-body spin-systems with a cavity mode. It introduces the necessity of redefining the physical conditions determining the strong/weak coupling regime in those systems. In more complex systems, the effective coupling emerging from the collective dynamics may differ indeed from the actual coupling of each individual subsystem with the bosonic field. This is shown by highlighting some counter-intuitive dynamical effects properly related to the coupling regime: a Jaynes-Cummings dynamics emerging although a strong interaction is present. The universality of this result is demonstrated through the analysis of three distinct systems: a two-qubit, a two-qutrit, and an NNN-qubit chain quantum Rabi models.
The interaction between atoms and a quantized radiation field is fundamentally important in quantum optics and quantum information science. Due to their unusual properties, Rydberg atoms are promising building blocks for two-qubit gates and atom-light quantum interfaces, exploiting the Rydberg blockade interaction which prevents two atoms at close distance ( < 10 μ m ) from being simultaneously excited to Rydberg states. Recently, this effect was used to engineer quantum processors based on arrays of interacting Rydberg atoms illuminated by Raman lasers. Motivated by these experiments, we extend the Jaynes–Cummings model to study the interaction between two Rydberg atoms interacting by the Rydberg blockade and a quantized radiation field. We consider both number (Fock) states of the field and single-mode quantum coherent states. In particular, we discuss different types of entanglements between various components of the total system consisting of the two Rydberg-interacting atoms and coherent states of the field, and show that the behavior is significantly different compared to a system with non-interacting atoms corresponding to the two-atom Tavis-Cummings model. Our results are relevant in view of atom-light quantum interfaces as components for future long-distance quantum communication.