This paper presents a novel approach to enhancing the security and reliability of drone communications through the integration of Quantum Random Number Generators (QRNG) in Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) systems. We propose a multi-drone framework that leverages QRNG technology to generate truly random frequency hopping sequences, significantly improving resistance against jamming and interception attempts. Our method introduces a concurrent access protocol for multiple drones to share a QRNG device efficiently, incorporating robust error handling and a shared memory system for random number distribution. The implementation includes secure communication protocols, ensuring data integrity and confidentiality through encryption and Hash-based Message Authentication Code (HMAC) verification. We demonstrate the system’s effectiveness through comprehensive simulations and statistical analyses, including spectral density, frequency distribution, and autocorrelation studies of the generated frequency sequences. The results show a significant enhancement in the unpredictability and uniformity of frequency distributions compared to traditional pseudo-random number generator-based approaches. Specifically, the frequency distributions of the drones exhibited a relatively uniform spread across the available spectrum, with minimal discernible patterns in the frequency sequences, indicating high unpredictability. Autocorrelation analyses revealed a sharp peak at zero lag and linear decrease to zero values for other lags, confirming a general absence of periodicity or predictability in the sequences, which enhances resistance to predictive attacks. Spectral analysis confirmed a relatively flat power spectral density across frequencies, characteristic of truly random sequences, thereby minimizing vulnerabilities to spectral-based jamming. Statistical tests, including Chi-squared and Kolmogorov-Smirnov, further confirm the unpredictability of the frequency sequences generated by QRNG, supporting enhanced security measures against predictive attacks. While some short-term correlations were observed, suggesting areas for improvement in QRNG technology, the overall findings confirm the potential of QRNG-based FHSS systems in significantly improving the security and reliability of drone communications. This work contributes to the growing field of quantum-enhanced wireless communications, offering substantial advancements in security and reliability for drone operations. The proposed system has potential applications in military, emergency response, and secure commercial drone operations, where enhanced communication security is paramount.
This paper presents a novel approach to enhancing the security and reliability of drone communications through the integration of Quantum Random Number Generators (QRNG) in Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) systems. We propose a multi-drone framework that leverages QRNG technology to generate truly random frequency hopping sequences, significantly improving resistance against jamming and interception attempts. Our method introduces a concurrent access protocol for multiple drones to share a QRNG device efficiently, incorporating robust error handling and a shared memory system for random number distribution. The implementation includes secure communication protocols, ensuring data integrity and confidentiality through encryption and Hash-based Message Authentication Code (HMAC) verification. We demonstrate the system’s effectiveness through comprehensive simulations and statistical analyses, including spectral density, frequency distribution, and autocorrelation studies of the generated frequency sequences. The results show a significant enhancement in the unpredictability and uniformity of frequency distributions compared to traditional pseudo-random number generator-based approaches. Specifically, the frequency distributions of the drones exhibited a relatively uniform spread across the available spectrum, with minimal discernible patterns in the frequency sequences, indicating high unpredictability. Autocorrelation analyses revealed a sharp peak at zero lag and linear decrease to zero values for other lags, confirming a general absence of periodicity or predictability in the sequences, which enhances resistance to predictive attacks. Spectral analysis confirmed a relatively flat power spectral density across frequencies, characteristic of truly random sequences, thereby minimizing vulnerabilities to spectral-based jamming. Statistical tests, including Chi-squared and Kolmogorov-Smirnov, further confirm the unpredictability of the frequency sequences generated by QRNG, supporting enhanced security measures against predictive attacks. While some short-term correlations were observed, suggesting areas for improvement in QRNG technology, the overall findings confirm the potential of QRNG-based FHSS systems in significantly improving the security and reliability of drone communications. This work contributes to the growing field of quantum-enhanced wireless communications, offering substantial advancements in security and reliability for drone operations. The proposed system has potential applications in military, emergency response, and secure commercial drone operations, where enhanced communication security is paramount.
Secure communication has become essential due to the rapid increase in cyber-attacks and data security threats in modern networks. Traditional communication systems mainly rely on classical security methods, which may become vulnerable to advanced attacks. Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) improves secure communication by generating cryptographic keys using quantum principles, making key interception extremely difficult. In this work, a Quantum Random Number Generator (QRNG) is integrated with classical communication to develop a hybrid quantum-classical communication framework. The QRNG generates highly random bits that improve authentication, randomness, and key security. The proposed system compares three QKD protocols: BB84, B92, and E91 using different bit sizes of 8000, 10000, and 13000 bits. The protocols are evaluated using important metrics such as QBER, key rate, entropy, erasure rate, throughput, and correlation. Experimental results show that all protocols achieved entropy values close to 1 and correlation values near zero, indicating strong randomness and secure key generation. Among the evaluated protocols, E91 achieved lower QBER values and higher key rates, while BB84 showed stable and reliable performance. B92 produced comparatively higher error rates under similar conditions. The throughput remained nearly 278–281 bits/sec across all experiments. A ranking-based analysis confirmed that E91 provides the best balance between security, efficiency, and communication performance, making it suitable for future quantum-secure communication systems.
One of the solutions to the problem of secure communication is the Quantum Random Number Generators (QRNGs) which generate true randomness based on quantum mechanical principles.QRNGs are different from conventional pseudo random number generator in that they use quantum uncertainty to generate outputs which are very unpredictable.This work attempts to examine different QRNG architectures, study the possible integration of cryptographic frameworks with these architectures and highlight potential vulnerabilities in the integration of cryptographic frameworks with QRNG architectures.Post-processing techniques, i.e.Zero-Phase Component Analysis (ZPCA) and neural network based techniques are also studied to increase entropy and suppress environmental noise in QRNG systems.Key findings show that system jitter models based QRNG architectures are more scalable and less expensive for use in real world applications.Additionally, incorporating cryptographic protocols with the QRNGs endows them with the ability to resist quantum threats, and hence, provide better key distribution in the secure IoT communication frameworks.However, as security problems such as side channel attacks and hardware manipulation are still big issues.It also points out some of the emerging research trends including hybrid QRNG architectures, i.e., QRNG with classical PRNG to increase the entropy rate.As such, the proposed methodologies attempt to enhance QRNG scalability, security, and energy efficiency in cloud infrastructures, in mobile systems and in critical security environments.The advancement of these technologies will assume a crucial function in the advancement of quantum-safe frames for current advanced computerized foundation.
This paper introduces a fully decentralized communication platform that enables secure messaging and file sharing by integrating a quantum random number generator (QRANG) to enhance cryptographic strength against future quantum threats. The proposed system leverages blockchain technology for tamper-resistant recordkeeping, distributed storage through IPFS, and end-to-end encryption using quantum-derived entropy. Unlike conventional decentralized applications that rely on classical pseudo-random number generators, our approach utilizes true quantum randomness to generate encryption keys, significantly increasing unpredictability and resistance to cryptanalytic attacks. The architecture is organized into presentation, orchestration, and data storage layers to ensure clear separation of functions and facilitate robust security. Empirical evaluation demonstrates substantial improvements in randomness quality, key security, and overall system resilience when compared to traditional methods, highlighting the effectiveness of quantum-enhanced cryptography in practical decentralized applications.
Defense, finance, navigation and global internet constellations are now dependent on satellite communication. Nevertheless, the majority of systems continue to use classical pseudo-random number generators (PRNGs) to encrypt and authenticate, and these are susceptible to prediction, replay and side-channel attacks. This paper presents a design of a model to incorporate Quantum True Random Number Generators (QTRNGs) to tap into natural randomness of quantum phenomena into satellite communication systems. The design is a gate based QRNG design based on Hadamard, SX and Pauli-Z gates, which are implemented and tested with NIST 800-22 and NIST 800-90B tests. The protocol architecture uses QRNGs to generate secure keys in ground-to-satellite and inter-satellite links. It shows a better result in entropy, unpredictability and attack resistance. The suggested architecture illustrates the ability of satellites enabled by QRNG to ensure the real-time and futureproof security of the worldwide communication networks.
Randomness is essential in cryptography for key generation and secure information exchange, ensuring confidentiality and protection. Quantum Random Number Generators (QRNGs) leverage quantum mechanics to produce truly random numbers, offering a major advantage over Pseudo Random Number Generators (PRNGs), which are slower and less secure due to their deterministic nature. Quantum computing boosts QRNG efficiency, making them ideal for cryptographic applications, such as secure key exchange and encrypted communication. QRNGs generate stronger encryption systems by utilizing quantum phenomena like Bloch sphere rotations. The integration of machine learning (ML) with QRNGs further enhances their effectiveness, optimizing random sequences for improved speed and security. This combination of QRNGs and ML provides a powerful approach to cryptography, ensuring more secure communication channels and better protection against potential attacks.
Quantum and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies are driving transformative advancements across various industries, and their integration into drone communications presents promising opportunities for enhancing drone capabilities. This abstract explores the potential of leveraging quantum communication principles in IoT-based drone systems to address key challenges, such as security, data processing, and long range connectivity. The conventional communication methods employed in drones often suffer from vulnerabilities, hindering the secure transmission of sensitive data. Quantum communication, with its inherent security features based on quantum key distribution and entanglement, offers a new paradigm for ensuring data integrity and confidentiality during drone operations. Furthermore, the exponential growth of IoT devices in drones generates massive amounts of data that require efficient processing and analysis. Quantum computing, with its immense computational power, has the potential to accelerate data processing in drone-based IoT applications, enabling real-time decision-making and resource optimization. Moreover, quantum-enhanced long-range communication can significantly extend the reach of drone networks, enabling seamless connectivity even in remote or challenging environments. Leveraging quantum entanglement for long-distance communication may enable efficient data exchange between drones and ground stations, leading to enhanced situational awareness and collaboration among drone fleets. Despite the promising prospects, several technical challenges need to be addressed in realizing quantum enabled IoT communications in drones. These include integrating quantum communication modules into drone platforms, developing robust quantum algorithms for IoT data processing, and addressing issues related to quantum channel noise and coherence