Economic Impact of Quantum Cryptography on Network Security Industries

Javier Oliva del Moral, Antonio deMarti iOlius, Gerard Vidal +2 more

The machinery of industrial environments was connected to the Internet years ago with the scope of increasing their performance. However, this change made such environments vulnerable against cyber-attacks that can compromise their correct functioning resulting in economic or social problems. Moreover, implementing cryptosystems in the communications between operational technology (OT) devices is a more challenging task than for information technology (IT) environments since the OT networks are generally composed of legacy elements, characterized by low-computational capabilities. Consequently, implementing cryptosystems in industrial communication networks faces a tradeoff between the security of the communications and the amortization of the industrial infrastructure. Critical infrastructure (CI) refers to the industries which provide key resources for the daily social and economical development, e.g., electricity. Furthermore, a new threat to cybersecurity has arisen with the theoretical proposal of quantum computers, due to their potential ability of breaking state-of-the-art cryptography protocols, such as RSA or elliptic curve cryptography. Many global agents have become aware that transitioning their secure communications to a quantum secure paradigm is a priority that should be established before the arrival of fault-tolerance. In this article, we aim to describe the problematic of implementing post-quantum cryptography (PQC) to CI environments. For doing so, we describe the requirements for these scenarios and how they differ against IT. We also introduce classical cryptography and how quantum computers pose a threat to such security protocols. Furthermore, we introduce state-of-the-art proposals of PQC protocols and present their characteristics. We conclude by discussing the problematic of integrating PQC in industrial environments.

A. Beveratos

A. Beveratos

Mandaar Bhaskar Pande

In the past few years, quantum computers have become increasingly robust and are reaching industrial strength in terms being considered seriously for addressing real life problems. The potential of quantum computers to impact almost every industry vertical and scientific research is well documented. It is only now that this potential can be realized to a certain extent. There are several areas that quantum computing spawns including quantum machine learning, quantum simulation, quantum metrology, quantum cryptography and secure quantum communications. One of the most important applications of secure quantum communications is the quantum network. A quantum network is a complex ecosystem in quantum computing which uses numerous quantum technologies to be implemented including quantum cryptography, quantum entanglement and quantum teleportation. Given the increasing maturity in terms of the hardware required to develop the quantum network, there is a need to focus on identifying and proposing use cases for quantum networks across various industry verticals and scientific domains which may not be implementable using the current classical computing paradigm. This paper evaluates and lists the use cases and applications using the quantum networks. We focus on some of the conventional industry verticals and newer industries and scientific areas where the use cases can be proposed.

TMBU Bhagalpur Univ. Dept. of Commerce & Bus Administration, Dr. Paranav Shankar

Abstract The rapid advancement of technology, coupled with the global interconnectivity, has led to the emergence of quantum commerce (Q-commerce) as a significant paradigm shift in the business world. Quantum commerce represents a new form of digital commerce that combines aspects of quantum computing, artificial intelligence (AI), block chain, and next-generation networks. This transformative model promises to revolutionize the way businesses interact with customers, manage data, and optimize operations. The global impact of quantum commerce will be far-reaching, influencing various industries, economic dynamics, and business models. This note explores the key components of quantum commerce, its potential impacts on businesses globally, and the opportunities and challenges it will bring in the coming years. Key-words: Quantum Computing, Quantum Technology, Business Transformation, AI and Quantum Integration, Data Security, Quantum Cryptography, Supply chain Optimization, Financial Service Innovation, Disruptive Innovation, Global Trade, Digital Ecosystems, Quantum Algorithms, Block chain and Quantum, Market Efficiency, Competitive Advantage Business Intelligence, Automation, Tech Adoption, Cross-border commerce, Cyber security etc.