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Ukrainian Journal of Physics

Distorted Diamond Ising–Hubbard Chain in the Special Limit of Infinite On-Site Repulsion

Bohdan Lisnyi

Published Oct 29, 2024• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The exact solution of the distorted diamond Ising–Hubbard chain is analyzed in the special limit of infinite on-site electron-electron repulsion, where the two-electron Hubbard dimer becomes equivalent to the antiferromagnetic isotropic Heisenberg dimer. The special limit of infinite repulsion for the matrix of the cell Hamiltonian of this model is analytically calculated, and it is demonstrated that the exact solution of the distorted diamond Ising–Hubbard chain in this limit coincides with the exact solution of the spin-1/2 distorted diamond Ising–Heisenberg chain with antiferromagnetic isotropic Heisenberg interaction. The numerical calculation of the special limit of infinite repulsion for the ground-state phase diagram and thermodynamic characteristics of the distorted diamond Ising–Hubbard chain was performed in a way that provides a very fast convergence to the limit results for these characteristics.

DOI
10.15407/ujpe69.10.732

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The exact solution of the distorted diamond Ising–Hubbard chain is analyzed in the special limit of infinite on-site electron-electron repulsion, where the two-electron Hubbard dimer becomes equivalent to the antiferromagnetic isotropic Heisenberg dimer. The special limit of infinite repulsion for the matrix of the cell Hamiltonian of this model is analytically calculated, and it is demonstrated that the exact solution of the distorted diamond Ising–Hubbard chain in this limit coincides with the exact solution of the spin-1/2 distorted diamond Ising–Heisenberg chain with antiferromagnetic isotropic Heisenberg interaction. The numerical calculation of the special limit of infinite repulsion for the ground-state phase diagram and thermodynamic characteristics of the distorted diamond Ising–Hubbard chain was performed in a way that provides a very fast convergence to the limit results for these characteristics.
The exact solution of the distorted Ising-Hubbard model for a diamond chain is obtained by means of transfer matrix method. Based on this solution the magnetic, thermal and concurrence properties of the system are studied. We discuss in detail the ground state varying values of Ising and Hubbard interaction couplings, hopping amplitude, magnetic field, chemical potential and get paramagnetic, ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic phases of the system. Plateaus in magnetization curves and several-peak structures of the specific heat curve for different values of Hamiltonian parameters are obtained. The dependence of concurrence in Hubbard dimers from chain parameters, external magnetic field and temperature are studied.
Ground state of the mixed spin-(1,1/2) Ising-Heisenberg distorted diamond chain in the presence of the external magnetic field is rigorously studied in the frustrated case of ferromagnetic Ising and antiferromagnetic XXZ Heisenberg interactions.The influence of quantum fluctuations, magnetic field, and the distortion of diamond cells on the ground state are examined in detail.It is established that the zero-temperature magnetization curve may show intermediate plateaus at zero and one-half of the saturation magnetization.
The entanglement quantum properties of a spin-1/2 Ising-Heisenberg model on a symmetrical diamond chain were analyzed. Due to the separable nature of the Ising-type exchange interactions between neighboring Heisenberg dimers, calculation of the entanglement can be performed exactly for each individual dimer. Pairwise thermal entanglement was studied in terms of the isotropic Ising-Heisenberg model and analytical expressions for the concurrence (as a measure of bipartite entanglement) were obtained. The effects of external magnetic field H and next-nearest neighbor interaction J(m) between nodal Ising sites were considered. The ground state structure and entanglement properties of the system were studied in a wide range of coupling constant values. Various regimes with different values of ground state entanglement were revealed, depending on the relation between competing interaction strengths. Finally, some novel effects, such as the two-peak behavior of concurrence versus temperature and coexistence of phases with different values of magnetic entanglement, were observed.
We investigate the ground state properties of an S=1/2 distorted diamond chain described by the Hamiltonian ${\cal H}=J_1\sum_\ell\bigl\{\bigl(\vecS_{3\ell-1}\cdot\vecS_{3\ell} +\vecS_{3\ell}\cdot\vecS_{3\ell+1}\bigr)+J_2\vecS_{3\ell-2}\cdot\vecS_{3\ell-1} +J_3\bigl(\vecS_{3\ell-2}\cdot\vecS_{3\ell}+\vecS_{3\ell}\cdot\vecS_{3\ ell+2}\bigr)-H S_{\ell}^z\bigr\}$ (J1, J2, J3≥0J_1,~J_2,~J_3\geq0J1​, J2​, J3​≥0), which models well a trimerized S=1/2 spin chain system Cu3_33​Cl6_66​(H2_22​O)2_22​$\cdot2H2H2H_8CCC_4SOSOSO_2$. Using an exact diagonalization method by means of the Lanczös technique, we determine the ground state phase diagram in the H=0 case, composed of the dimerized, spin fluid, and ferrimagnetic phases. Performing a degenerate perturbation calculation, we analyze the phase boundary line between the latter two phases in the $J_2,~J_3\llJ_1$ limit, the result of which is in good agreement with the numerical result. We calculate, by the use of the density matrix renormalization group method, the ground state magnetization curve for the case (a) where J1=1.0J_1=1.0J1​=1.0, J2=0.8J_2=0.8J2​=0.8, and J3=0.5J_3=0.5J3​=0.5, and the case (b) where J1=1.0J_1=1.0J1​=1.0, J2=0.8J_2=0.8J2​=0.8, and J3=0.3J_3=0.3J3​=0.3. We find that in the case (b) the 2/3-plateau appears in addition to the 1/3-plateau which also appears in the case (a). The translational symmetry of the Hamiltonian H\cal HH is spontaneously broken in the 2/3-plateau state as well as in the dimerized state.
An exactly solvable variant of a mixed spin-(1/2,1) Ising-Heisenberg diamond chain is considered. Vertical spin-1 dimers are taken as quantum ones with Heisenberg bilinear and biquadratic interactions and with single-ion anisotropy, while all interactions between spin-1 and spin-1/2 residing on the intermediate sites are taken in the Ising form. The detailed analysis of the T=0T=0T=0 ground-state phase diagram is presented. The phase diagrams have been shown to be rather rich, demonstrating a large variety of ground states: a saturated one, three ferrimagnetic ones with magnetization equal to 3/5, and another four ferrimagnetic ground states with magnetization equal to 1/5. There are also two frustrated macroscopically degenerated ground states that could exist at zero magnetic filed. Solving the model exactly within a classical transfer-matrix formalism we obtain exact expressions for all thermodynamic functions of the system. The thermodynamic properties of the model have been described exactly by exact calculation of the partition function within the direct classical transfer-matrix formalism.