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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Coherent control of dressing interaction of sequential-doubly-dressed four-wave mixing

Ma Xiaoyu, Sang Suling

Published Oct 21, 2024• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We investigate the coherent control of dressing interaction in four-wave mixing (FWM) in a Y-type four-level atomic system based on the dressed states theory. We study the density matrix equation acted by two dressing fields simultaneously governing FWM signal intensity and the eigenvalues under the dressed state formalism. It is shown that the peak position and intensity of Autler–Townes splitting both originate from the dressing interaction as the detuning of the probe field is scanned. Moreover, it is observed that the interaction could be controlled by the dressing fields. Such flexibly controlled nonlinear signal has potential applications in optical communication and quantum information processing.

DOI
10.1088/1361-6455/ad8994

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Abstract We investigate the coherent control of dressing interaction in four-wave mixing (FWM) in a Y-type four-level atomic system based on the dressed states theory. We study the density matrix equation acted by two dressing fields simultaneously governing FWM signal intensity and the eigenvalues under the dressed state formalism. It is shown that the peak position and intensity of Autler–Townes splitting both originate from the dressing interaction as the detuning of the probe field is scanned. Moreover, it is observed that the interaction could be controlled by the dressing fields. Such flexibly controlled nonlinear signal has potential applications in optical communication and quantum information processing.
We demonstrate different dressed processes of four-wave mixing (FWM), as changing the powers of the probe, pump, and dressing fields, respectively, in ladder-type three-level system. It is demonstrated that scanning detuning of the dressing field can lead to the direct detection of the dressing effects and the interaction between the dressing fields, compared with scanning that of the probe field. Moreover, by respectively controlling the powers of the dressing, pump, and probe fields, the enhancement and suppression of FWM signals can be switched sensitively. Meanwhile, the spatial splitting in y direction of FWM signal due to the cross-phase modulation and electromagnetically induced gratings is observed, respectively. Such nonlinear signal with switchable enhancement has potential applications in optical switching, optical communication, and quantum information processing.
We report an observation of the self- and external-dressed Autler-Townes (AT) splitting in six-wave mixing (SWM) within an electromagnetically induce transparency window, which demonstrates the interaction between two coexisting SWM processes. The multi-dressed states induced by the nested interactions between many dressing fields and the five-level atomic system lead to the primary, secondary and triple AT splittings in the experiment. Such controlled multi-channel splitting of nonlinear optical signals can be used in a range of applications, e.g. the wavelength-demultiplexer in optical communication and quantum information processing.
We report our observations on enhancement and suppression of spatial four-wave mixing (FWM) images and the interplay of four coexisting FWM processes in a two-level atomic system associating with three-level atomic system as comparison. The phenomenon of spatial splitting of the FWM signal has been observed in both x and y directions. Such FWM spatial splitting is induced by the enhanced cross-Kerr nonlinearity due to atomic coherence. The intensity of the spatial FWM signal can be controlled by an additional dressing field. Studies on such controllable beam splitting can be very useful in understanding spatial soliton formation and interactions, and in applications of spatial signal processing.
We experimentally report on the evolution from singly-dressed to doubly-dressed four-wave mixing (FWM) process by controlling the powers of the probe, the pump and the dressing fields respectively. The differences in the enhancement and the suppression of FWM signal between the two-level and cascade three-level atomic systems are observed and explained by the multi-dressed effect theoretically. Both the x direction and the y direction spatial splittings of the degenerate-FWM (DWFM) beams are obtained. We also investigate the switch between the enhancement and the suppression of the DWFM signals and between its spatial splittings in x direction and y direction. The spatial splittings in x direction and y direction can be controlled by the relative position and the intensity of the involved laser beams. Such a study can be useful for optimizing the efficiency of the FWM process and providing potential applications in spatial signal processing.
We theoretically investigate the four-wave mixing (FWM) characteristics in a Ξ−V type atomic system. The generated FWM is obtained by utilizing the density matrix formalism and solving the master equation. Interesting discrimination in the number of emerged peaks due to the chosen laser scanning schemes was pointed out. The dressed state picture is employed to elucidate the number of peaks emerged as well as the peak positions in the spectra. The dependence of the generated FWM signal accordingly to the change of parameters, such as Rabi frequencies and frequency detunings of the applied fields, are presented and well explained in the simplified dressed state picture. A prominent increase in FWM intensity is obtained when the Rabi frequencies of the coupling and driving field are approximately equal. The frequency detuning of the applied fields causes the shift in the peak positions, peak shape, and even brings about the FWM intensity enhancement.
We experimentally report that angle-control dynamics in the nonlinear propagation of the images of the probe, generated four-wave mixing (FWM) and fluorescence signals beams in FWM process in a cascade three-level, as well as a two-level atomic systems. It is shown that, by changing the angles between pumping fields and dressing fields, respectively, the characteristics of the measured signals including the spectra intensity and spatial images can be controlled to display many effects, including the electromagnetically induced transparency and absorption (EIT and EIA, respectively) and Autler-Townes splitting. In particular, we demonstrate the angle-controlled switching from EIA to EIT in probe transmission or from enhancement to suppression in FWM signal. Additionally, we also illustrate the interaction between spatial characteristics and spectra intensities of weak fields. The studies can be very useful in producing all optical-signal-processing devices, such as spatial beam splitters, routers, and switches.