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IEEE Communications Letters

Jamming-Assisted Wireless Information Surveillance With Movable Antenna

Jiacheng Liao, Fengchao Zhu, Guojie Hu

Published Oct 14, 2024• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Movable antenna (MA) is an emerging technology that can significantly enhance the communication capacity by flexibly adjusting the antenna positions to reconstruct wireless channels. In this letter, MA technology is applied for the first time in the field of wireless surveillance, consisting of a suspicious transmitter (ST), a suspicious receiver (SR), a legitimate monitor (E) and a MA-enabled jammer (J). Specifically, J aims to proactively interfere with the SR to reduce the suspicious transmission rate of the ST, so as to facilitate effective eavesdropping by E. Our goal is to maximize the eavesdropping success probability at E by jointly optimizing antenna positions and the jamming beamforming at J. However, the problem is highly non-convex because the mutual coupling between above two variables. To tackle this challenge, we design two schemes to obtain the locally optimal and suboptimal antenna positions. Furthermore, we successfully derive a closed-form result for the critical antenna span. The simulation results show that, compared to the traditional fixed position antenna (FPA), our proposed schemes achieve a significant performance improvement, while the derived critical antenna span approaches the result originated from Monte Carlos.

DOI
10.1109/lcomm.2024.3479890

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Movable antenna (MA) is an emerging technology that can significantly enhance the communication capacity by flexibly adjusting the antenna positions to reconstruct wireless channels. In this letter, MA technology is applied for the first time in the field of wireless surveillance, consisting of a suspicious transmitter (ST), a suspicious receiver (SR), a legitimate monitor (E) and a MA-enabled jammer (J). Specifically, J aims to proactively interfere with the SR to reduce the suspicious transmission rate of the ST, so as to facilitate effective eavesdropping by E. Our goal is to maximize the eavesdropping success probability at E by jointly optimizing antenna positions and the jamming beamforming at J. However, the problem is highly non-convex because the mutual coupling between above two variables. To tackle this challenge, we design two schemes to obtain the locally optimal and suboptimal antenna positions. Furthermore, we successfully derive a closed-form result for the critical antenna span. The simulation results show that, compared to the traditional fixed position antenna (FPA), our proposed schemes achieve a significant performance improvement, while the derived critical antenna span approaches the result originated from Monte Carlos.
From the perspective of national security, legitimate government agencies have long been committed to enforcing powerful surveillance measures on suspicious individuals or communications. This paper investigates a wireless legitimate surveillance system, where a full-duplex multi-antenna legitimate monitor aims to eavesdrop on a dubious communication link between a suspicious pair via proactive jamming. It is assumed that the legitimate monitor can successfully eavesdrop the suspicious information only when its achievable data rate is no smaller than that of the suspicious receiver. To maximize the eavesdropping non-outage probability, optimal joint design of the jamming power, receive and transmit beamformers at the legitimate monitor is presented. Moreover, two low-complexity suboptimal beamforming schemes are proposed and the corresponding analytical results are obtained. Our outcomes demonstrate that by exploiting multiple antennas at the legitimate monitor, the eavesdropping non-outage probability exhibits a significant improvement compared to the single antenna case. In addition, the proposed suboptimal transmit zero-forcing scheme yields similar performance as the optimal scheme.
To improve national security, government agencies have long been committed to enforcing powerful surveillance measures on suspicious individuals or communications. In this paper, we consider a wireless legitimate surveillance system, where a full-duplex multi-antenna legitimate monitor aims to eavesdrop on a dubious communication link between a suspicious pair via proactive jamming. Assuming that the legitimate monitor can successfully overhear the suspicious information only when its achievable data rate is no smaller than that of the suspicious receiver, the key objective is to maximize the eavesdropping non-outage probability by joint design of the jamming power, receive and transmit beamformers at the legitimate monitor. Depending on the number of receive/transmit antennas implemented, i.e., single-input single-output, single-input multiple-output, multiple-input single-output, and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), four different scenarios are investigated. For each scenario, the optimal jamming power is derived in a closed form and efficient algorithms are obtained for the optimal transmit/receive beamforming vectors. Moreover, low-complexity suboptimal beamforming schemes are proposed for the MIMO case. Our analytical findings demonstrate that by exploiting multiple antennas at the legitimate monitor, the eavesdropping non-outage probability can be significantly improved compared with the single-antenna case. In addition, the proposed suboptimal transmit zero-forcing scheme yields similar performance as the optimal scheme.
Movable antenna (MA) array is a novel technology recently developed where positions of transmit/receive antennas can be flexibly adjusted in the specified region to reconfigure the wireless channel and achieve a higher capacity. In this letter, we, for the first time, investigate the MA array-assisted physical-layer security where the confidential information is transmitted from a MA array-enabled Alice to a single-antenna Bob, in the presence of multiple single-antenna and colluding eavesdroppers. We aim to maximize the achievable secrecy rate by jointly designing the transmit beamforming and positions of all antennas at Alice subject to the transmit power budget and specified regions for positions of all transmit antennas. The resulting problem is highly non-convex, for which the projected gradient ascent (PGA) and the alternating optimization methods are utilized to obtain a high-quality suboptimal solution. Simulation results demonstrate that since the additional spatial degree of freedom (DoF) can be fully exploited, the MA array significantly enhances the secrecy rate compared to the conventional fixed-position antenna (FPA) array.
Wireless communication is vulnerable to deep fading and eavesdropping, especially in long-distance double-hop scenarios. To address these issues, this paper proposes the movable antenna (MA-assisted secure transmission scheme. This scheme is designed for a cooperative wireless communication system in the presence of multiple single-antenna eavesdroppers. Our objective is to maximize the achievable secrecy rate, by jointly optimizing the transmit beamforming and antenna positions vectors. To solve the highly non-convex problem due to the strongly coupled variables, the alternating optimization and projected gradient ascent (PGA) methods are designed to the joint update of MA position and beamforming. Furthermore, an artificial noise (AN) interference signal is introduced. Specifically, the legitimate link actively transmits jamming noise to eavesdroppers during signal transmission, thereby enhancing the channel capacity of the secure communication system. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed MA-assisted secure transmission for the cooperative wireless communication system significantly outperforms conventional fixed-position antenna (FPA)-assisted systems by up to 70% and existing benchmarks in terms of secrecy rate.
A pioneering secure transmission scheme is proposed, which harnesses movable antennas (MAs) to optimize antenna positions for augmenting the physical layer security. Particularly, an MA-enabled secure wireless system is considered, where a multi-antenna transmitter communicates with a single-antenna receiver in the presence of an eavesdropper. The beamformer and antenna positions at the transmitter are jointly optimized under two criteria: power consumption minimization and secrecy rate maximization. For each scenario, a novel suboptimal algorithm was proposed to tackle the resulting nonconvex optimization problem, capitalizing on the approaches of alternating optimization and gradient descent. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed MA systems significantly improve physical layer security compared to various benchmark schemes relying on conventional fixed-position antennas (FPAs).
In this paper, we consider a wireless surveillance system, where two single-antenna legitimate devices work cooperatively to monitor a suspicious link between a source (S) and a destination (D). A rotated-jamming based proactive eavesdropping scheme is proposed. In our scheme, one device acts as a legitimate eavesdropper (E) to perform information interception while the other works as a helping jammer (J) to interfere with the suspicious link. The proposed scheme is based on the fact that the received information-bearing signal at E can be totally represented by its projection onto a specific direction u. If node J's jamming signal is adaptively rotated to be restricted in the direction orthogonal to u, the detection of S's information at E can be free-of-interference, and the legitimate eavesdropping is successfully realized. Meanwhile, since the jamming signal arrives at E and D through different channels, the orthogonality does not hold at D and the jamming signal cannot be eliminated, thereby causing an irreducible error floor at the suspicious destination. We develop a criterion of choosing the optimal direction u* such that the symbol error probability (SEP) at E can be minimized. Moreover, the performance of our scheme is analyzed in terms of SEP, relative eavesdropping rate, as well as surveillance success probability. Finally, simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.