In this survey paper, we provide an overview of the significance of quantum computing. It includes a review of fundamental principles, technological advancements, the interconnections, and reviews the current state of research, discussing both essential achievements and persistent challenges. The paper also examines how these technologies complement each other, enhancing secure communication and computational efficiency. We propose future research directions that emphasize the importance of further advancements to address existing challenges and optimize the utilization of quantum technologies across multiple sectors.
In this survey paper, we provide an overview of the significance of quantum computing. It includes a review of fundamental principles, technological advancements, the interconnections, and reviews the current state of research, discussing both essential achievements and persistent challenges. The paper also examines how these technologies complement each other, enhancing secure communication and computational efficiency. We propose future research directions that emphasize the importance of further advancements to address existing challenges and optimize the utilization of quantum technologies across multiple sectors.
Quantum computing isn't merely another step forward in technology; it represents a leap into an entirely new paradigm for understanding information. By harnessing the strange but powerful principles of quantum mechanics, quantum computers use qubits that can exist in multiple states at once, connect instantly through entanglement, and solve certain problems far faster than any classical machine. This paper explores the fundamentals of quantum computing, from its theoretical roots to the breakthroughs and setbacks shaping its present. We examine the engineering and scientific challenges - from fragile qubits to daunting scalability issues - and the immense promise they hold for fields like cryptography, artificial intelligence, drug discovery, and materials science. Finally, we consider the future impact of this technology, both its opportunities and its risks, and how it may redefine industries, research methods, and even our approach to solving humanity's hardest problems. The purpose of this paper is to examine the fundamental principles, developmental trajectory, current challenges, and prospective impacts of quantum computing across scientific, industrial, and societal domains. Given its potential to reshape computational capabilities and address complex global challenges, this study holds significance for researchers, policymakers, and industry leaders seeking to understand and navigate the transition toward quantum technologies.
Abstract Advances in quantum technologies have prompted renewed interest in computational models that extend beyond the capabilities of classical systems. Quantum computing, grounded in the principles of quantum mechanics, introduces novel mechanisms for information processing that challenge conventional assumptions in computer science. This paper critically examines the role of quantum computing across core computer science domains by integrating foundational theory with application-oriented research. Existing studies in cryptography, optimization, artificial intelligence, database search, and system simulation are analyzed to assess both demonstrated capabilities and practical constraints. The discussion emphasizes the increasing relevance of hybrid quantum–classical approaches in the current technological landscape, while identifying key limitations related to scalability, noise, and algorithmic feasibility. By consolidating theoretical insights with applied perspectives, this work provides a realistic assessment of the present state of quantum computing and outlines research directions essential for its effective integration into future computational systems.
Abstract Advances in quantum technologies have prompted renewed interest in computational models that extend beyond the capabilities of classical systems. Quantum computing, grounded in the principles of quantum mechanics, introduces novel mechanisms for information processing that challenge conventional assumptions in computer science. This paper critically examines the role of quantum computing across core computer science domains by integrating foundational theory with application-oriented research. Existing studies in cryptography, optimization, artificial intelligence, database search, and system simulation are analyzed to assess both demonstrated capabilities and practical constraints. The discussion emphasizes the increasing relevance of hybrid quantum–classical approaches in the current technological landscape, while identifying key limitations related to scalability, noise, and algorithmic feasibility. By consolidating theoretical insights with applied perspectives, this work provides a realistic assessment of the present state of quantum computing and outlines research directions essential for its effective integration into future computational systems.
Quantum computing represents a monumental leap in computational technology, leveraging the principles of quantum mechanics to solve complex problems at unprecedented speeds. Unlike classical computers, which rely on bits as the smallest unit of information, quantum computers utilize qubits that can exist in multiple states simultaneously, enabling them to perform many calculations at once. This paper delves into the foundational concepts of quantum computing, including superposition, entanglement, and quantum gates, and explores its potential applications across various domains, such as cryptography, drug discovery, optimization problems, and artificial intelligence. We will discuss current advancements in quantum technology, high-lighting key breakthroughs and the progress made by leading research institutions and companies. Furthermore, this paper addresses the significant challenges that quantum computing faces, including error rates, qubit coherence, and scalability, which hinder its widespread adoption. By examining these facets, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of how quantum computing could transform various fields and the hurdles that must be overcome to realize its full potential, ultimately suggesting future directions for research and development in this revolutionary area of technology.
In the article the authors aim at presenting an overview of the current state of quantum computing, exploring qubits, gates, circuits, error correction, sample algorithms, and potential applications as well as an overview of current and near future applications. The article highlights the rapid growth in quantum computing research and argues that now is the opportune time to pursue practical applications. By delving into the fundamental aspects of quantum computing and examining the challenges and advancements in the field, the article provides a comprehensive understanding of the current landscape and emphasizes the importance of scaling and accelerating the development of quantum technologies to unlock their full potential
Quantum computing has emerged as a transformative computing paradigm capable of solving problems that remain computationally infeasible for classical systems; however, its rapid advancement also introduces significant security, privacy, and reliability concerns. In this context, this survey presents a comprehensive review of security challenges and mitigation strategies associated with quantum computing, focusing on security issues in quantum computers, security threats caused by quantum computers, and security mechanisms developed for quantum systems. The paper examines vulnerabilities in quantum hardware and software, the impact of quantum computing on existing cryptographic infrastructures and cybersecurity mechanisms, and the development of quantum-resilient solutions such as post-quantum cryptography, quantum-safe communication protocols, quantum intrusion detection systems, and quantum-aware software engineering techniques. In addition, the survey discusses emerging applications of quantum technologies in cybersecurity domains, including malware detection, network intrusion detection, Internet of Things (IoT) security, and secure communication systems. Furthermore, the paper analyzes existing quantum error mitigation and fault-tolerance approaches designed to improve the robustness and trustworthiness of quantum computation under realistic noisy conditions. By consolidating recent advances, open research challenges, and future directions, this survey provides a structured overview of the evolving intersection between quantum computing and cybersecurity, while serving as a reference for researchers and practitioners working toward secure, resilient, and quantum-ready computing infrastructures.