We propose a novel quantum anonymous notification protocol based on the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state. The correctness of the proposed protocol is demonstrated when the shared GHZ states are ideal and all agents are honest. Considering three adversary models and slight noise perturbations in practical quantum networks, we prove that the proposed protocol preserves both sender anonymity and receiver anonymity. Furthermore, through experiments on pyQPanda simulator and Origin Wukong, we verify the correctness of the proposed protocol in the noise-free scenario and show its performance in the realistic scenario.
We propose a novel quantum anonymous notification protocol based on the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state. The correctness of the proposed protocol is demonstrated when the shared GHZ states are ideal and all agents are honest. Considering three adversary models and slight noise perturbations in practical quantum networks, we prove that the proposed protocol preserves both sender anonymity and receiver anonymity. Furthermore, through experiments on pyQPanda simulator and Origin Wukong, we verify the correctness of the proposed protocol in the noise-free scenario and show its performance in the realistic scenario.
The multipartite Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) entangled state is an important resource for anonymous quantum communication tasks. But its low intensity and fragility limit the practical applications of these anonymous communication tasks under current conditions. Here, we present a feasible anonymous communication protocol in the measurement-device-independent framework. We analyze its performance in a quantum network under certain types of noise. Then we compare the performance of our protocol with the GHZ-state-based anonymous protocol. We demonstrate that our protocol has a unique advantage, i.e., it can tolerate an arbitrary number of nonresponsive nodes. We prove that the security of our protocol in an active adversary scenario in which active malicious agents and an untrusted ancillary node are taken into account. Utilizing the measurement-device-independent technology, our proposal suggests an important avenue for practical anonymous quantum communication.
Abstract Quantum secret sharing (QSS) enables secure secret distribution via quantum mechanics, requiring authorized participants to collaborate for recovery. However, practical scenarios often involve classical users, demand recipient anonymity, and need dynamic participant management—features not simultaneously supported by existing schemes. This work presents a secure dynamic semiquantum anonymous secret sharing (DSQASS) protocol using Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger-like (GHZ-like) states. The design integrates three practical capabilities: semi-quantum operation for classical participants, dynamic membership updates, and statistical receiver anonymity. Rigorous analysis verifies the protocol’s correctness and resilience against internal and external adversaries. Simulations on a quantum cloud platform confirm its feasibility in hybrid quantum-classical environments.
The scalability of current quantum networks is limited due to noisy quantum components and high implementation costs, thereby limiting the security advantages that quantum networks provide over their classical counterparts. Quantum Augmented Networks (QuANets) address this by integrating quantum components in classical network infrastructure to improve robustness and end-to-end security. To enable such integration, Quantum Anonymous Notification (QAN) is a method to anonymously inform a receiver of an incoming quantum communication. Therefore, several quantum primitives will serve as core tools, namely, quantum voting, quantum anonymous protocols, quantum secret sharing, etc. However, all current quantum protocols can be compromised in the presence of several common channel noises. In this work, we propose an improved quantum anonymous notification (QAN) protocol that utilizes rotation operations on shared GHZ states to produce an anonymous notification in an n-user quantum-augmented network. We study the behavior of this modified QAN protocol under the dephasing noise model and observe stronger resilience to false notifications than earlier QAN approaches. The QAN framework is also proposed to be integrated with a machine-learning classifier, an enhanced quantum-augmented network. Finally, we discuss how this notification layer integrates with QuANets so that receivers can allow switch-bypass handling of quantum payloads, reducing header-based information leakage and vulnerability to targeted interference at compromised switches.
Abstract Quantum secret sharing enables participants to share secrets grounded in the principles of quantum mechanics, ensuring the secrets recovery solely through collaborative efforts within an authorized subset of participants. Quantum anonymous secret sharing fulfills the fundamental requirements of quantum secret sharing while also ensuring the anonymity of the secret receivers. In order to address the turnover of personnel in practical scenarios, this paper propose a secure dynamic quantum anonymous secret sharing protocol utilizing Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states. In our scheme, on the premise of not reveal the identities of participants, the dynamic update of the participants can be realized, and the shared secret will not be altered. Furthermore, an identity authentication mechanism using single particles is introduced in this protocol, ensuring that only authenticated participants can engage in the sharing process. The proposed protocol is secure and can resist both internal and external attacks. Experimental validation conducted on the IBM quantum computing platform demonstrates the feasibility of our scheme.
The scalability of current quantum networks is limited due to noisy quantum components and high implementation costs, thereby limiting the security advantages that quantum networks provide over their classical counterparts. Quantum Augmented Networks (QuANets) address this by integrating quantum components in classical network infrastructure to improve robustness and end-to-end security. To enable such integration, Quantum Anonymous Notification (QAN) is a method to anonymously inform a receiver of an incoming quantum communication. Therefore, several quantum primitives will serve as core tools, namely, quantum voting, quantum anonymous protocols, quantum secret sharing, etc. However, all current quantum protocols can be compromised in the presence of several common channel noises. In this work, we propose an improved quantum anonymous notification (QAN) protocol that utilizes rotation operations on shared GHZ states to produce an anonymous notification in an n-user quantum-augmented network. We study the behavior of this modified QAN protocol under the dephasing noise model and observe stronger resilience to false notifications than earlier QAN approaches. The QAN framework is also proposed to be integrated with a machine-learning classifier, an enhanced quantum-augmented network. Finally, we discuss how this notification layer integrates with QuANets so that receivers can allow switch-bypass handling of quantum payloads, reducing header-based information leakage and vulnerability to targeted interference at compromised switches.
Quantum secret sharing (QSS) represents the fusion of quantum mechanics principles with secret information sharing, allowing a sender to distribute a secret among receivers for collective recovery. This paper introduces the concept of quantum anonymous secret sharing (QASS) to enhance the practicality of such protocols. We propose a QASS protocol leveraging W states, ensuring both recover-security and anonymity of shared secrets. Our protocol undergoes rigorous evaluation verifying their accuracy and fortifying their security against scenarios involving the active adversary. Additionally, acknowledging the imperfections inherent in real-world communication channels, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of protocol security and efficacy in noisy quantum networks. Our investigations reveal that W states exhibit good performance in mitigating noise interference, making them apt for practical applications.