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Photonics North (PN)

Towards a Realistic Model for Cavity-Enhanced Atomic Frequency Comb Quantum Memories

Shahrzad Taherizadegan, Jacob H. Davidson, Sourabh Kumar, Daniel Oblak, Christoph Simon

Published May 28, 2024• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We develop a theoretical model for cavity-enhanced atomic frequency comb (AFC) quantum memory that includes the effects of dispersion and show a close alignment of the model with our own experimental results. Our model is a step forward to accurately estimating the created comb properties, such as the optical depth inside the cavity, and so being able to make precise predictions of the performance of the prepared cavity-enhanced AFC quantum memory.

DOI
10.1109/pn62551.2024.10621752

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We develop a theoretical model for cavity-enhanced atomic frequency comb (AFC) quantum memory that includes the effects of dispersion and show a close alignment of the model with our own experimental results. Our model is a step forward to accurately estimating the created comb properties, such as the optical depth inside the cavity, and so being able to make precise predictions of the performance of the prepared cavity-enhanced AFC quantum memory.
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Abstract Atomic frequency comb (AFC) quantum memory is a favorable protocol in long distance quantum communication. Putting the AFC inside an asymmetric optical cavity enhances the storage efficiency but makes the measurement of the comb properties challenging. We develop a theoretical model for cavity-enhanced AFC quantum memory that includes the effects of dispersion, and show a close alignment of the model with our own experimental results. Providing semi-quantitative agreement for estimating the efficiency and a good description of how the efficiency changes as a function of detuning, it also captures certain qualitative features of the experimental reflectivity. For comparison, we show that a theoretical model without dispersion fails dramatically to predict the correct efficiencies. Our model is a step forward to accurately estimating the created comb properties, such as the optical depth inside the cavity, and so being able to make precise predictions of the performance of the prepared cavity-enhanced AFC quantum memory.
We report on the experimental demonstration of an optical spin-wave memory, based on the atomic frequency comb (AFC) scheme, where the storage efficiency is strongly enhanced by an optical cavity. The cavity is of low finesse, but operated in an impedance matching regime to achieve high absorption in our intrinsically low-absorbing Eu 3+ :Y 2 SiO 5 crystal. For storage of optical pulses as an optical excitation (AFC echoes), we reach efficiencies of 53% and 28% for 2 μ s and 10 μ s delays, respectively. For a complete AFC spin-wave memory we reach an efficiency of 12%, including spin-wave dephasing, which is a 12-fold increase with respect to previous results in this material. This result is an important step towards the goal of making efficient and long-lived quantum memories based on spin waves, in the context of quantum repeaters and quantum networks.
An optical quantum memory is a device capable of storing the quantum state of a photon and subsequently recalling it faithfully. The efficiency of a memory, which is the focus of this work, is defined as the probability of successful storage and subsequent retrieval of the information. This thesis reports an experiment performed towards making a high efficiency quantum memory by using a cavity enhanced Atomic Frequency Comb (AFC) protocol, implemented in a waveguide in a rare-earth ion doped crystal. Our measurements identified the obstacles that have to be overcome to achieve that aim. Exploiting the cavity dynamics, we managed to estimate the essential parameters in implementation of the scheme. The investigations give a valuable insight into the protocol and the ways to exploit its full potential. Furthermore, the analysis of the experimental observations leads to proposals that may serve as alternatives to current ways of implementing the protocol.