The modern advancements in digital technologies and the growing concnern on multiple quantum attacks has shifted the confidence level from classical digital signature schemes to much more advanced cryptographic mechanisms. Considered to be the most significant cryptographic primitive so far, digital-signature schemes developed using hash functions always engrossed researchers as well as academia till now. Studies related to cryptography and related methodologies in the modern era have grown leaps and bounds owing to the constant and unavoidable dependency onIoT devices and its allied technologies. Objective of our proposal is to describe and examine the role of hash-signatures inquantum cryptography. As Internet-of-Things is gaining more focus due to its omnipresent nature where all the devices around us have been embedded with computational and communicational ability to gather, process, digest and understanddifferent types of data. Security of the data transmitted through the sensors in IOT eco system is a critical factor to define the success of the application and this is achieved through cryptographic algorithms like Elliptic-Curve-Cryptosystem. Alternatively, depending on security of legacy security techniques exposes applications and related data to hackers leading to data theft and malfunctioning of IOT apps. As a result, design of application security from legacy methodologies to quantum safe approach is essential for guaranteeing end-to-end security of data. In this paper, we investigate Signature scheme Based on Hash function (HBS) for securing devices in quantum era. Our research is based on Hash based Signature dataset. Since there is an uptick in Cloud based applications, volume of data required to be encrypted has also seen a bigger leap. While many end users have started using cloud computing environment for variousprocesses like storing and retrieval of sensitive data, it becomes essential to offer a safe and secure cyberspace. Our study has utilised Hybrid ECC and AES Algorithm for masking the data and to unmask it effectively. Masked data in files are stored on Cloud storage. Query based keyword search operation results in desired retrieval of required files securely. Our proposed model ensures data to be retrieved with optimal performance measured through different metrics like precision, recall, time required to complete search operation etc
The modern advancements in digital technologies and the growing concnern on multiple quantum attacks has shifted the confidence level from classical digital signature schemes to much more advanced cryptographic mechanisms. Considered to be the most significant cryptographic primitive so far, digital-signature schemes developed using hash functions always engrossed researchers as well as academia till now. Studies related to cryptography and related methodologies in the modern era have grown leaps and bounds owing to the constant and unavoidable dependency onIoT devices and its allied technologies. Objective of our proposal is to describe and examine the role of hash-signatures inquantum cryptography. As Internet-of-Things is gaining more focus due to its omnipresent nature where all the devices around us have been embedded with computational and communicational ability to gather, process, digest and understanddifferent types of data. Security of the data transmitted through the sensors in IOT eco system is a critical factor to define the success of the application and this is achieved through cryptographic algorithms like Elliptic-Curve-Cryptosystem. Alternatively, depending on security of legacy security techniques exposes applications and related data to hackers leading to data theft and malfunctioning of IOT apps. As a result, design of application security from legacy methodologies to quantum safe approach is essential for guaranteeing end-to-end security of data. In this paper, we investigate Signature scheme Based on Hash function (HBS) for securing devices in quantum era. Our research is based on Hash based Signature dataset. Since there is an uptick in Cloud based applications, volume of data required to be encrypted has also seen a bigger leap. While many end users have started using cloud computing environment for variousprocesses like storing and retrieval of sensitive data, it becomes essential to offer a safe and secure cyberspace. Our study has utilised Hybrid ECC and AES Algorithm for masking the data and to unmask it effectively. Masked data in files are stored on Cloud storage. Query based keyword search operation results in desired retrieval of required files securely. Our proposed model ensures data to be retrieved with optimal performance measured through different metrics like precision, recall, time required to complete search operation etc
The Internet of Things (IoT) is gaining ground as a pervasive presence around us by enabling miniaturized “things” with computation and communication capabilities to collect, process, analyze, and interpret information. Consequently, trustworthy data act as fuel for applications that rely on the data generated by these things, for critical decision-making processes, data debugging, risk assessment, forensic analysis, and performance tuning. Currently, secure and reliable data communication in IoT is based on public-key cryptosystems such as the elliptic curve cryptosystem (ECC). Nevertheless, the reliance on the security of de-facto cryptographic primitives is at risk of being broken by the impending quantum computers. Therefore, the transition from classical primitives to quantum-safe primitives is indispensable to ensure the overall security of data en route. In this article, we investigate applications of one of the postquantum signatures called hash-based signature (HBS) schemes for the security of IoT devices in the quantum era. We give a succinct overview of the evolution of HBS schemes with an emphasis on their construction parameters and associated strengths and weaknesses. Then, we outline the striking features of HBS schemes and their significance for IoT security in the quantum era. We also investigate the optimal selection of HBS in the IoT networks with respect to their performance-constrained requirements, resource-constrained nature, and design optimization objectives. In addition to ongoing standardization efforts, we also highlight current and future research and deployment challenges along with possible solutions. Finally, we outline the essential measures and recommendations that must be adopted by the IoT ecosystem while preparing for the quantum world.
The rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has revolutionized digital communication, yet it simultaneously poses unprecedented security challenges due to constrained device capabilities and increasing cyber threats. Conventional cryptographic techniques, while currently effective, are vulnerable to emerging quantum computing technologies that threaten to render classical encryption obsolete. This paper explores the integration of quantum-safe cryptographic techniques within IoT networks to ensure long-term confidentiality, integrity, and authentication. It examines post-quantum cryptographic primitives, including lattice-based, hash-based, multivariate, and code-based schemes, and evaluates their suitability for resource-constrained IoT environments. The study focuses on lightweight implementation strategies, balancing computational efficiency with robust security requirements. Simulation analyses demonstrate that properly optimized quantum safe protocols can provide resilient encryption, key exchange, and digital signature functionalities without overwhelming device resources. Furthermore, the integration of these techniques with IoT communication standards and secure network protocols ensures end-to-end protection across heterogeneous networks. Challenges such as latency, energy consumption, and scalability are addressed, highlighting the necessity of tailored cryptographic solutions for diverse IoT applications. The findings confirm that quantum safe cryptography is essential for future-proofing IoT networks, offering sustainable security measures that remain resilient against both classical and quantum adversaries, thereby supporting the continued expansion of secure and intelligent interconnected systems.
Quantum computing represents one of the most disruptive technological advancements of the 21st century, with profound implications for modern cryptographic systems. Traditional digital signature algorithms—such as RSA, DSA, and Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC)—derive their security from mathematical problems like integer factorization and discrete logarithms, which are computationally infeasible for classical computers. However, the advent of quantum algorithms, particularly Shor’s and Grover’s algorithms, poses a direct threat to these cryptographic assumptions by drastically reducing the time required to solve such problems. This development renders existing Digital Signature infrastructures potentially obsolete once large-scale quantum computers become operational. To counter this threat, researchers have proposed a range of post-quantum cryptographic (PQC) algorithms, including lattice-based, hash-based, and multivariate polynomial-based signature schemes, which are designed to resist quantum attacks. This paper critically examines the extent of quantum vulnerability in current Digital Signature systems and evaluates the comparative performance, efficiency, and security trade-offs of post-quantum alternatives. The study aims to provide a structured understanding of the ongoing transition toward quantum-resistant digital authentication and to propose a roadmap for secure implementation in future cryptographic environments.
The fact that modern cryptographic systems are susceptible to a significant attack from quantum computing which solves complex mathematical problem exponentially faster than the classical scheme of computers makes the present situation a dangerous one. Legacy encryption methods including RSA, ECC, and AES that are the heart of secure communication are especially susceptible to quantum attacks such as Shor’s and Grover’s algorithms. To mitigate this potential threat, this research puts forth state of the art quantum-resistant technologies inclusive of lattice based cryptography and hash based signature solutions. The Lattice-Hash Hybrid method that is proposed, improves security by exploiting the computational intractability of lattice problems and the collision resistance of the hash functions, making it very hard to crack the system using quantum decryption algorithms. In the study, a comparative analysis of the proposed method with traditional lattice-based, hash-based and code-based cryptographic methods is performed. Experimental results suggest that the proposed algorithm features better encryption speed, decreased decryption latency, and increased security level as compared with the current state of the art. The results emphasize the need for the implementation of cutting edge electronic cryptography strategies to protect integrity and confidentiality of data in the days to come within the context of quantum computing. Further research will concentrate on optimizing the proposed techniques further and bringing them to real-world deployment.
The increasing reliance on cloud storage across sectors has made the protection of sensitive data a critical concern especially as advances in quantum computing threaten to break traditional public-key cryptographic systems. This growing vulnerability raises urgent questions about how to secure digital assets in a post-quantum future. To address this challenge, this study aims to design, implement, and evaluate a hybrid encryption framework that combines symmetric encryption for data confidentiality with quantum-resistant public-key algorithms for key management and digital signatures. The objective was to develop a secure and practical solution that can be readily adopted using open-source tools. The system was built in a Linux-based virtual environment using an S3-compatible object storage platform, integrated with quantum-safe cryptographic libraries, and automated through scripting. Performance testing was conducted using files ranging from 100 MB to 1 GB, with metrics such as encryption and decryption time, CPU usage, upload/download latency, and internet throughput analyzed. The results showed that while quantum-safe operations added some overhead, even large files could be securely processed in under two minutes with stable system performance and no data corruption. These findings confirm that hybrid encryption models can be deployed today without specialized hardware, offering a forward-compatible and robust approach to cloud security. This work contributes a tested and reproducible framework for early adoption of quantum-safe cryptography in real-world cloud environments.
Blockchain has been paving the way for new business opportunities as we have witnessed over the last few years. It will continue to proliferate further and be adopted in increasingly diverse sectors. One area of research in Blockchain is how it can be used in Internet of Things (IoT) based applications like Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), Smart cities and Healthcare. However, with the advent of quantum technology, some widely used security algorithms in blockchain are vulnerable (i.e., quantum algorithms can exponentially solve cryptographic algorithms used to digitally sign or encrypt data), thereby diminishing communication security. Thus, post-quantum algorithms are at the forefront of research to secure data before quantum technologies can fully mature. Early standardized post-quantum algorithms such as hash-based one-time signatures, relies on the proven one-way-ness of hashing algorithm. Hash-based one-time signatures require robust secret key management systems to prevent security degradation. To safeguard IoT applications from quantum threats, this paper proposes a solution which utilizes both hash-based one-time signatures and blockchain to cover each technology's weaknesses.