The construction of quantum communication network is an important part of quantum communication. The proposal of quantum air communication network of imitation goose swarm array provides a new direction for the research of quantum communication and air network. However, the head node switching strategy of quantum air communication network of imitation goose swarm array has not been fully developed. Based on GHZ entangled state particles, this paper proposes GHZ-EPR satellite networking quantum entanglement soft handover technology and inter network node soft handover technology, and adds verification function to ensure the safety of the handover process. The processes of the two handover technologies are combined, the flow chart of the handover process is proposed, and the link attenuation coefficient is studied. The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that when the environment attenuation coefficient is 10, the link attenuation coefficient increases from 5.28 to 8.39 when the communication distance increases from 20m to 60m; When the communication distance is 50m, the link attenuation coefficient with an environmental attenuation coefficient of 5 is 7.47, the link attenuation coefficient with an environmental attenuation coefficient of 10 is 8.07, and the link attenuation coefficient with an environmental attenuation coefficient of 15 reaches 8.42.
The construction of quantum communication network is an important part of quantum communication. The proposal of quantum air communication network of imitation goose swarm array provides a new direction for the research of quantum communication and air network. However, the head node switching strategy of quantum air communication network of imitation goose swarm array has not been fully developed. Based on GHZ entangled state particles, this paper proposes GHZ-EPR satellite networking quantum entanglement soft handover technology and inter network node soft handover technology, and adds verification function to ensure the safety of the handover process. The processes of the two handover technologies are combined, the flow chart of the handover process is proposed, and the link attenuation coefficient is studied. The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that when the environment attenuation coefficient is 10, the link attenuation coefficient increases from 5.28 to 8.39 when the communication distance increases from 20m to 60m; When the communication distance is 50m, the link attenuation coefficient with an environmental attenuation coefficient of 5 is 7.47, the link attenuation coefficient with an environmental attenuation coefficient of 10 is 8.07, and the link attenuation coefficient with an environmental attenuation coefficient of 15 reaches 8.42.
Quantum satellite communication is a research hotspot in the field of quantum communication, which has the characteristics of wide coverage, high communication efficiency and strong security. The construction strategy of the quantum communication network is an essential part of quantum communication. However, the construction strategy of quantum air communication network has not been studied yet so far. In this paper, according to the characteristics of flying goose array and principle of bionics, a simulated wild goose group Λ quantum air communication network topology is proposed, which can be divided into single-head node Λ type and multi-head node Λ type. Based on Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state particles, a certifiable QSDC inter-network communication system and a GHZ-EPR quantum teleportation communication system are established. The bit error rate, energy consumption, throughput, and other parameters are studied. After theoretical analysis and experimental measurement, for the single-head node Λ network structure in the environment where the average power spectral density of noise is 2 dB/m, when the communication distance between the head node and the child node is less than 400 m, the bit error rate is less than 0.094; if the communication distance increases from 400 m to 1000 m, the bit error rate increases rapidly, reaching 0.585; when the number of child nodes on one side increases from 2 to 7, the throughput decreases from 110.6 kb/s to 46.45 kb/s. For example, when the total number of nodes is 21, the single-head node Λ network structure saves 32.6% energy but reduces the throughput to 23.9 kb/s. By comparison, the multi-head node Λ network structure with 21 nodes saves 29.3% energy and achieves throughput of 163.4 kb/s. The above studies show that the quantum air network with the structure of imitation goose group array has good network scalability, excellent information security and flexible network structure.
Signaling is an important part to the communication system,as well as quantum mobile communication.However,the handover strategy to quantum mobile communication signaling in adjacent cells has been researched.Quantum entanglement is the basis of the future quantum mobile communication.With the change of the position of mobile users,the entanglement degree between users and base station changes constantly.A handover strategy based on entanglement degree calculation quantum signaling in adjacent cells is proposed.Firstly,the relationship between signaling entanglement degree and distance is defined.Secondly,changes of signaling entanglement degree in adjacent cells is studied due to the change of the position of users,and a handover algorithm based on the threshold value of entanglement degree is proposed.The simulation results show that the proposed signaling handover strategy can obtain high reliability and realize smooth handover between base stations.Therefore this research will play an extremely important technical support role and standards set in constructing the signaling system quantum mobile communication network.
In quantum satellite communication, when the optical quantum signal is transmitted between satellite and ground links, it will be affected by various natural environments.At the same time, haze has become one of the largest environmental problems in the world.Therefore, it is of great significance to study the communication performance of quantum satellites in haze atmosphere.In this paper, according to the scale distribution and vertical spatial concentration change of large aerosol haze particles, the extinction characteristic model of large aerosol haze particles and the attenuation model of atmospheric haze particle concentration and transmission height on quantum satellite ground link are established.Some important performance parameters in quantum satellite communication are analyzed for amplitude damping channel, depolarization channel and phase damping channel respectively, It includes the quantitative relationship between channel capacity, quantum fidelity, quantum bit error rate and entanglement and large aerosol haze particle concentration and transmission height.The simulation results show that with the increase of transmission distance and haze particle concentration, the channel capacity, quantum fidelity and entanglement of quantum satellite communication in different channels will decrease, and the bit error rate will increase.Therefore, the impact of large haze environment on quantum satellite communication should be fully considered in the actual process of quantum satellite communication, Adaptive adjustment of relevant parameters to ensure the normal operation of quantum satellite communication.
Quantum mobile communication with superiority of flexibility,high efficiency,security and confidentiality is a kind of new communication technology connected quantum mechanics and mobile communication.A kind of entanglement signaling handover strategy among different sector antennas in the same cell is put forward based on the entanglement degree calculation.The relationships between quantum mobile communication terminal and sector antenna with variable distance and angle respectively are studied,and the entanglement signaling the handover strategy is simulated and analyzed.The simulation results show that the proposed handover strategy has high reliability,which has a great technology supporting function for the future quantum mobile communication system and its standard formulation.
Quantum satellite communication is a communication method with strong security and large coverage area, and it has become a hot research topic at home and abroad. The successful launch of the quantum satellite has laid an important foundation for future integrated quantum communication. When further studying the communication performance between quantum satellite-ground links, it is found that atmospheric particulate matter has a significant impact on quantum satellite communication performance. In this paper, by analyzing the extinction characteristics of atmospheric particles, a mathematical model of particle concentration, transmission distance and satellite-earth quantum energy is established, and the influence of atmospheric particles on communication parameters, bit error rate and entanglement degree is analyzed. The simulation results show that with the increase of particle concentration, the performance indicators of quantum satellite communication are affected to a certain extent. As the concentration of particulate matter in the atmosphere continues to decrease, the energy of the optical quantum signal continues to increase, and the quantum bit error rate increases with the increase in the concentration of atmospheric particulate matter and the transmission distance. The degree of quantum entanglement decreases with the increase of the particle size of atmospheric particles, and increases with the increase of visibility. The luminosity of light quantum will decrease with the increase of transmission height and the increase of surface particle concentration. By studying the optimization and adjustment strategy of quantum signal based on fidelity quantum relay satellite, simulation ensures the feasibility of this strategy. It is observed that the research in this paper can provide the necessary theoretical reference for the development of quantum space-ground integrated communication network.
Microwave technology plays a central role in current wireless communications, including mobile communication and local area networks. The microwave range shows relevant advantages with respect to other frequencies in open-air transmission, such as low absorption losses and low-energy consumption, and in addition, it is the natural working frequency in superconducting quantum technologies. Entanglement distribution between separate parties is at the core of secure quantum communications. Therefore, understanding its limitations in realistic open-air settings, especially in the rather unexplored microwave regime, is crucial for transforming microwave quantum communications into a mainstream technology. Here, we investigate the feasibility of an open-air entanglement distribution scheme with microwave two-mode squeezed states. First, we study the reach of direct entanglement transmission in open air, obtaining a maximum distance of approximately 500 m with parameters feasible for state-of-the-art experiments. Subsequently, we adapt entanglement distillation and entanglement swapping protocols to microwave technology in order to reduce the environment-induced entanglement degradation. The employed entanglement distillation helps to increase quantum correlations in the short-distance low-squeezing regime by up to $46\mathrm{%}$, and the reach of entanglement increases by $14\mathrm{%}$ with entanglement swapping. Importantly, we compute the fidelity of a continuous-variable quantum teleportation protocol using open-air-distributed entanglement as a resource. Finally, we adapt this machinery to explore the limitations of quantum communication between satellites, where the impact of thermal noise is substantially reduced and diffraction losses are dominant.