Quantum satellite communication is a critical component of the global quantum communication network. This study investigates the impact of advection fog on the performance of satellite-ground quantum satellite communication. An energy decay model for optical quantum signals in the presence of advection fog is established based on the Gamma spectral distribution function of fog droplet particles and Mie scattering theory. The relationship between advection fog water content and channel establishment rate, as well as between advection fog water content and channel entanglement, are studied and simulated. The impact of advection fog on the survival function of quantum satellite communication channels is also investigated for damped amplitude channels. The simulation results show that the channel establishment rate decreases from 16.12 pairs/sec to 12.34 pairs/sec as the water content of advection fog increases from 0.28 <?TeX ${\rm{g}} \cdot {m}^{ - 3}$?> to 0.83 <?TeX ${\rm{g}} \cdot {m}^{ - 3}$?> . The channel entanglement decreases from 0.298 <?TeX ${\rm{g}} \cdot {m}^{ - 3}$?> to 0.081 <?TeX ${\rm{g}} \cdot {m}^{ - 3}$?> when the probability of the source character is 0.6, and the water content of advection fog increases from 0.125 to 0.8. The channel survival function decreases from 0.59 to 0.32 when the transmission distance is <?TeX $L = 6.5km$?> , and the water content of advection fog increases from 0.21 <?TeX ${\rm{g}} \cdot {m}^{ - 3}$?> to 0.61 <?TeX ${\rm{g}} \cdot {m}^{ - 3}$?> . Advection fog can significantly impact the performance of quantum satellite communication, and appropriate adjustment strategies based on the amount of water content in the advection fog should be adopted to ensure the reliability and effectiveness of communication.
Quantum satellite communication is a critical component of the global quantum communication network. This study investigates the impact of advection fog on the performance of satellite-ground quantum satellite communication. An energy decay model for optical quantum signals in the presence of advection fog is established based on the Gamma spectral distribution function of fog droplet particles and Mie scattering theory. The relationship between advection fog water content and channel establishment rate, as well as between advection fog water content and channel entanglement, are studied and simulated. The impact of advection fog on the survival function of quantum satellite communication channels is also investigated for damped amplitude channels. The simulation results show that the channel establishment rate decreases from 16.12 pairs/sec to 12.34 pairs/sec as the water content of advection fog increases from 0.28 <?TeX ${\rm{g}} \cdot {m}^{ - 3}$?> to 0.83 <?TeX ${\rm{g}} \cdot {m}^{ - 3}$?> . The channel entanglement decreases from 0.298 <?TeX ${\rm{g}} \cdot {m}^{ - 3}$?> to 0.081 <?TeX ${\rm{g}} \cdot {m}^{ - 3}$?> when the probability of the source character is 0.6, and the water content of advection fog increases from 0.125 to 0.8. The channel survival function decreases from 0.59 to 0.32 when the transmission distance is <?TeX $L = 6.5km$?> , and the water content of advection fog increases from 0.21 <?TeX ${\rm{g}} \cdot {m}^{ - 3}$?> to 0.61 <?TeX ${\rm{g}} \cdot {m}^{ - 3}$?> . Advection fog can significantly impact the performance of quantum satellite communication, and appropriate adjustment strategies based on the amount of water content in the advection fog should be adopted to ensure the reliability and effectiveness of communication.
Quantum communication provides high security and privacy, offering effective protection against eavesdropping and decryption during information transmission. Its inherent unconditional security addresses information security issues effectively. Dust particles, as prevalent environmental factors in the atmosphere, exert negative impacts on both traditional and quantum communication. Due to the higher requirements for signal fidelity and stability in quantum communication, the impact of dust particles may be more significant. To investigate the effect of dust aerosol particles on the performance of satellite-ground quantum communication links, we established quantitative relationships between particle number concentration and transmission distance, and the link attenuation, as well as the channel capacity, system survival function, and error rate of three noise channels: amplitude damping, bit-flip, and depolarizing channels. Using Matlab, we conducted experimental simulations based on the size distribution function of dust aerosol particles and Mie scattering theory. The simulation results indicate that when the transmission distance is 6 km and the particle concentration of dust aerosols increases from20/m3to55/m3, the channel attenuation factor increases from84.35dB/kmto232dB/km. The capacity of the amplitude damping channel decreases from0.6486bit/sto0.3943bit/s, and the survival function of the amplitude damping channel decreases to 0.9059. When the particle concentration is900/m3and the transmission distance increases from 3km to 8km, the bit error rate increases from 0.03 to 0.2. The results indicate that dust aerosols have impacted various aspects of satellite-to-ground communication, each in different ways, highlighting the importance of considering their influence. Therefore, when implementing quantum communication in practice, it is essential to adjust the parameters accordingly to ensure the normal operation of communication.
In order to study the effect of the coexistence of rain and fog on the communication performance of satellite terrestrial quantum link, the relationship between link attenuation and transmission distance and visibility was analyzed based on the attenuation model of optical quantum under the coexistence of rain and fog, and the influence of the coexistence of rain and fog on channel capacity, channel fidelity, channel survival function and channel bit error rate was studied. The findings reveal that at a visibility of 0.5 km and a transmission distance of 0.3 km, the link experiences an attenuation of1 0. 2 2 d B⋅k m−1. Furthermore, at the same visibility of 0.5 km and transmission distance of 0.25 km, the channel capacities for the amplitude damped and depolarized channels are recorded as 0.41 bit/sand 0.29 bit/s respectively. When visibility is 0.5 km and transmission distance is 0.3 km, the survival function values of amplitude damped channel and depolarized channel are 0.901 and 0.979 respectively. At a visibility of 0.5 km and with a transmission distance of 1 km, the channel's bit error rate reaches 0.24. Consequently, the coexistence of rain and fog significantly affects the efficiency of satellite terrestrial quantum communication systems. System parameters should be adjusted adaptively according to different environmental parameters to ensure the stability and reliability of the system.
In quantum satellite communication, when the optical quantum signal is transmitted between satellite and ground links, it will be affected by various natural environments.At the same time, haze has become one of the largest environmental problems in the world.Therefore, it is of great significance to study the communication performance of quantum satellites in haze atmosphere.In this paper, according to the scale distribution and vertical spatial concentration change of large aerosol haze particles, the extinction characteristic model of large aerosol haze particles and the attenuation model of atmospheric haze particle concentration and transmission height on quantum satellite ground link are established.Some important performance parameters in quantum satellite communication are analyzed for amplitude damping channel, depolarization channel and phase damping channel respectively, It includes the quantitative relationship between channel capacity, quantum fidelity, quantum bit error rate and entanglement and large aerosol haze particle concentration and transmission height.The simulation results show that with the increase of transmission distance and haze particle concentration, the channel capacity, quantum fidelity and entanglement of quantum satellite communication in different channels will decrease, and the bit error rate will increase.Therefore, the impact of large haze environment on quantum satellite communication should be fully considered in the actual process of quantum satellite communication, Adaptive adjustment of relevant parameters to ensure the normal operation of quantum satellite communication.
To study the effect of PM2.5 on the communication performance of satellite-ground quantum links, firstly, the effect of PM2.5 particle concentration on channel parameters such as quantum communication link attenuation, channel fidelity, and channel utilization was analyzed, and parametric simulations were carried out based on the PM2.5 particle concentration spectral distribution function and Mie scattering theory to obtain its extinction efficiency factor. The simulation results show that the link attenuation factor increases from 0.221 to 5.085 when the PM2.5 particle concentration increases from 10 to 230 over a transmission distance of 14km. When the transmission distance is 10 km, and the particle concentration increases from 0 to 200, the channel fidelity decreases from 1 to 0.804. When the transmission distance is 5km, and the particle concentration increases from 30 to 200, the channel utilization decreases from 0.51 to 0.36. Therefore, the impact of PM2.5 on the performance of satellite-ground quantum link communication is more significant. According to the PM2.5 concentration, corresponding adjustment strategies can be adopted to improve the reliability of the transmission system and ensure the smooth implementation of quantum communication.
Abstract Soot aerosol is an important part of atmospheric aerosol, which has important influence on the propagation of quantum signal. In order to study the influence of soot aerosol on satellite-ground quantum communication, according to the size distribution parameter and extinction coefficient of the soot aerosol, the influence of the concentration of the soot aerosol particles and the transmission distance on the attenuation of the link is analyzed. The simulation experiments of channel capacity, channel fidelity and channel bit error rate (Ber) are carried out with amplitude-damped channel. The simulation results show that the soot aerosol concentration increases from 2.1×10 6 / m 3 to 3.2 10× 6 / m 3 , the link attenuation factor increases from 0.3dB/ km to 0.46dB/ km, the fidelity decreases from 0.98 to 0.97, and the bit error rate increases from 0.0087 to 0.0122 at a transmission distance of 3km . hhen the transmission distance is 6km and the particle concentration is 2.1×10 6 / m 3 , 2.7 10× 6 / m 3 and 3.9×10 6 / m 3 , the channel capacity increases from 1.078 to 1.0809, and then decreases to 1.0804. Therefore, the soot aerosol has influence on the performance of satellite-ground quantum communication, and the degree of influence is different. In order to ensure the reliability of quantum communication between satellite and ground, the parameters can be adjusted to ensure the normal transmission of quantum signal.
Quantum satellite communication is a communication method with strong security and large coverage area, and it has become a hot research topic at home and abroad. The successful launch of the quantum satellite has laid an important foundation for future integrated quantum communication. When further studying the communication performance between quantum satellite-ground links, it is found that atmospheric particulate matter has a significant impact on quantum satellite communication performance. In this paper, by analyzing the extinction characteristics of atmospheric particles, a mathematical model of particle concentration, transmission distance and satellite-earth quantum energy is established, and the influence of atmospheric particles on communication parameters, bit error rate and entanglement degree is analyzed. The simulation results show that with the increase of particle concentration, the performance indicators of quantum satellite communication are affected to a certain extent. As the concentration of particulate matter in the atmosphere continues to decrease, the energy of the optical quantum signal continues to increase, and the quantum bit error rate increases with the increase in the concentration of atmospheric particulate matter and the transmission distance. The degree of quantum entanglement decreases with the increase of the particle size of atmospheric particles, and increases with the increase of visibility. The luminosity of light quantum will decrease with the increase of transmission height and the increase of surface particle concentration. By studying the optimization and adjustment strategy of quantum signal based on fidelity quantum relay satellite, simulation ensures the feasibility of this strategy. It is observed that the research in this paper can provide the necessary theoretical reference for the development of quantum space-ground integrated communication network.