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IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications

Joint Secure Transceiver Design for Integrated Sensing and Communication

Boxiang He, Fanggang Wang, Julian Cheng

Published May 21, 2024• 27 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper studies the joint secure transceiver design for the full-duplex integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system, in which the base station performs the target tracking and communicates with the downlink and the uplink users by reusing the resources. Here, the target, referred to as Eve, is a potential eavesdropper with the intention of intercepting both the downlink and the uplink information. The security problem of the full-duplex ISAC system has not been studied well, where the sensing and communication signals suffer from the serious interference. In this paper, we jointly design the information beamformer, the radar waveform, the uplink communication receive filter, and the radar receive filter to achieve the downlink and uplink communication security and the target tracking. Specifically, both the Eve’s signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio minimization and the secrecy rate maximization problems, subject to the sensing and the communication constraints, are formulated for the ISAC system from the perspectives of the quality of service and the secrecy rate. An iterative algorithm is proposed for solving the formulated problems. We prove that, under appropriate conditions, the proposed iterative algorithm converges to the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker optimal point of the original problem without the rank 1 constraint. We further extend the joint design to the case of the imperfect wiretap channel and the angle uncertainty. Numerical results show that our scheme remarkably outperforms the benchmark approaches. The performance is close to that of designing the secure communication and the sensing separately.

DOI
10.1109/twc.2024.3400849

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This paper studies the joint secure transceiver design for the full-duplex integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system, in which the base station performs the target tracking and communicates with the downlink and the uplink users by reusing the resources. Here, the target, referred to as Eve, is a potential eavesdropper with the intention of intercepting both the downlink and the uplink information. The security problem of the full-duplex ISAC system has not been studied well, where the sensing and communication signals suffer from the serious interference. In this paper, we jointly design the information beamformer, the radar waveform, the uplink communication receive filter, and the radar receive filter to achieve the downlink and uplink communication security and the target tracking. Specifically, both the Eve’s signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio minimization and the secrecy rate maximization problems, subject to the sensing and the communication constraints, are formulated for the ISAC system from the perspectives of the quality of service and the secrecy rate. An iterative algorithm is proposed for solving the formulated problems. We prove that, under appropriate conditions, the proposed iterative algorithm converges to the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker optimal point of the original problem without the rank 1 constraint. We further extend the joint design to the case of the imperfect wiretap channel and the angle uncertainty. Numerical results show that our scheme remarkably outperforms the benchmark approaches. The performance is close to that of designing the secure communication and the sensing separately.
The following paper models a secure full duplex (FD) integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) scenario, where malicious eavesdroppers aim at intercepting the downlink (DL) as well as the uplink (UL) information exchanged between the dual functional radar and communication (DFRC) base station (BS) and a set of communication users. The DFRC BS, on the other hand, aims at illuminating radar beams at the eavesdroppers in order to sense their physical parameters, while maintaining high UL/DL secrecy rates. Based on the proposed model, we formulate a power efficient secure ISAC optimization framework design, which is intended to guarantee both UL and DL secrecy rates requirements, while illuminating radar beams towards eavesdroppers. The framework exploits artificial noise (AN) generation at the DFRC BS, along with UL/DL beamforming design and UL power allocation. We propose a beamforming design solution to the secure ISAC optimization problem. Finally, we corroborate our findings via simulation results and demonstrate the feasibility, as well as the superiority of the proposed algorithm, under different situations. We also reveal insightful trade-offs achieved by our approach.
Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) systems vulnerability to information interception has become more dramatic with the usage of unified signaling techniques. This paper introduces a secure full-duplex (FD) multi-eavesdroppers (Eve) ISAC system, where malicious users, termed as Eve, aim at intercepting the downlink (DL) as well as the uplink (UL) information interchanged between legitimate DL/UL users and the dual functional radar and communication (DFRC) base station (BS). Following the model, we design a suitable secure ISAC method that invests minimal power in the FD system in order to satisfy desired UL/DL secrecy rates, while illuminating radar beams at Eves. The motivation being that the FD system should expose minimal useful information towards the Eves, while simultaneously sensing their physical parameters. To this end, a suitable optimization problem is formed taking into account the aforementioned requirements, and a successive convex approximation approach is taken to iteratively solve the problem. Simulation results also reveal secrecy-sensing trade-offs and demonstrate the effectiveness of the method for different system parameters and requirements.
In this paper, we consider the joint beamforming design in secure integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems, where the active eavesdropper intercepts the transmitted confidential information with an external passive eavesdropper. To improve the sensing performance while preventing the potential eavesdropping, the base station transmits a signal consisting of information symbols and sensing waveform, in which the sensing waveform is also used as artificial noise to interfere with eavesdroppers. Under this setup, we formulate the communication and sensing beamforming design problem, which aims to enhance the transmit beampattern performance, while ensuring the quality of service (QoS) of communication transmission and the secure communication constraint. Furthermore, we propose the semi-definite relaxation (SDR) algorithm to solve the non-convex problem. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in both sensing and secure communication.
Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) can reuse the same spectrum and hardware resources for communication and radar sensing, which is a promising technology to alleviate spectrum congestion. Recently, there has been an increasing research interest in the physical layer secrecy aspects of ISAC systems. This paper studies a basic multiple-input single-output ISAC secrecy system, where a multi-antenna base station transmits a unified signal to sense a point target and communicate to a single-antenna receiver in the presence ofKKKsingle antenna eavesdroppers. Under this setup, a sensing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) constrained secrecy rate maximization problem has been formulated. We showed that the problem can be reformulated as a convex semidefinite programming problem and proved that beamforming is the optimal transmission scheme. We derived two low-complexity semiclosed-form optimal beamforming solutions and one suboptimal closed-form solution. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed solutions attain the optimum of the sensing SNR constrained secrecy rate maximization problem and have lower computational complexity than the existing method.
This paper addresses joint transceiver design for secure downlink communications over a multiple-input multiple-output relay system in the presence of multiple legitimate users and malicious eavesdroppers. Specifically, we jointly optimize the base station (BS) beamforming matrix, the relay station (RS) amplify-and-forward transformation matrix, and the covariance matrix of artificial noise, so as to maximize the system worst-case secrecy rate in the presence of the colluding eavesdroppers under power constraints at the BS and the RS, as well as quality of service constraints for the legitimate users. This problem is very challenging due to the highly coupled design variables in the objective function and constraints. By adopting a series of transformation, we first derive an equivalent problem that is more tractable than the original one. Then, we propose and fully develop a novel algorithm based on the penalty concave-convex procedure (penalty-CCCP) to solve the equivalent problem, where the difficult coupled constraint is penalized into the objective and the resulting nonconvex problem is solved at each iteration by resorting to the CCCP method. It is shown that the proposed joint transceiver design algorithm converges to a stationary solution of the original problem. Finally, our simulation results reveal that the proposed algorithm achieves better performance than other recently proposed transceiver designs.
In this letter, we propose a near-field secure integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system architecture, where the ISAC system simultaneously performs target detection and tracking while transmitting communication information to downlink users. However, in the presence of malicious eavesdropping devices, the security of communication transmission in ISAC systems cannot be guaranteed. Near-field effects introduce an additional advantage in the distance dimension, which improves the accuracy of target distance and angle estimation. Simultaneously, beamforming can be spatially focused at specific points to prevent information leakage. Motivated by these benefits, We construct a weighted optimization framework aimed at jointly maximizing the overall secrecy rate and reducing the Cramér-Rao Bound (CRB) for target estimation in near-field scenarios, while adhering to communication demands and total power limitations of the system. By integrating fractional programming (FP) and semidefinite relaxation (SDR) techniques, we jointly optimize the transmit waveform covariance matrix and the beamforming vectors to enhance both sensing accuracy and secure transmission performance simultaneously. Numerical results reveal that the secure near-field ISAC scheme can effectively achieve a synergy enhancement between sensing and secure communication while maintaining reliable system performance.