Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Revelation method of unmeasured phenomena in Wheeler's "Delayed-Choice" Double-Slit Experiment

XinHua Liu, ChuangRui Liu, HanRui Liu

Published May 8, 2024• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Wheeler proposed the "Delayed-Choice" Double-Slit Experiment. Some scholars believe that the quantum delayed eraser experiments reveals Wheeler's unmeasurable phenomenon. However, all quantum delayed eraser experiments involve non-locality between entangled photon pairs, causing the timing relationship between events on the idler path and events on the signal path to not necessarily represent the timing relationship between the correspond events on the signal path. In the quantum delayed eraser experiments, the time distinguishing the path passing through the double-slit on the signal path is when they pass through the slits. Therefore, the quantum delayed eraser experimentsdoes not adhere to the condition in Wheeler's "Delayed-Choice" Double-Slit Experiment, which need the distinction of the photons passing through the double-slit is done after the formation of the fringe pattern. The results of the quantum delayed eraser experimentsdo not exhibit the unmeasured phenomenon of Wheeler's "Delayed-Choice" Double-Slit Experiment.This paper proposes a method that eliminates the non-locality effects of entangled photons without using entangled photon pairs. By dividing the route of photons passing through the double-slit into two routes and verifying the fringe pattern based on the number of photons on the two routes, Wheeler's notion of an unmeasured phenomenon becomes measurable, thus providing a revelation method of the unmeasured phenomenon in Wheeler's "Delayed-Choice" Double-Slit Experiment.

DOI
10.21203/rs.3.rs-4309708/v1

Related papers

Revelation method of unmeasured phenomenon in Wheeler's "Delayed-Choice" Double-Slit Experiment

XinHua Liu, ChuangRui Liu, HanRui Liu

Abstract Wheeler proposed the "Delayed-Choice" Double-Slit Experiment. Perhaps the quantum delayed eraser experiments revealed Wheeler's unmeasurable phenomenon. However, all quantum delayed eraser experiments involve non-locality between entangled photon pairs, causing the timing relationship between events on the idler path and events on the signal path to not necessarily represent the timing relationship between the correspond events on the signal path. In the quantum delayed eraser experiments, the time distinguishing the path passing through the double-slit on the signal path is when they pass through the slits. Therefore, the quantum delayed eraser experiments do not adhere to the condition in Wheeler's "Delayed-Choice" Double-Slit Experiment, which need the distinction of the photons passing through the double-slit is done after the formation of the fringe pattern. The results of the quantum delayed eraser experiments do not exhibit the unmeasured phenomenon of Wheeler's "Delayed-Choice" Double-Slit Experiment. This paper proposes a method that eliminates the non-locality effects of entangled photons without using entangled photon pairs. By dividing the route of photons passing through the double-slit into two routes and verifying the fringe pattern based on the number of photons on the two routes, Wheeler's notion of an unmeasured phenomenon becomes measurable, thus providing a revelation method of the unmeasured phenomenon in Wheeler's "Delayed-Choice" Double-Slit Experiment.

•May 16, 2024•0 citations

Taming the Delayed Choice Quantum Eraser

Johannes Fankhauser

I discuss the delayed choice quantum eraser experiment by drawing an analogy to a Bell-type measurement and giving a straightforward account in standard quantum mechanics. The delayed choice quantum eraser experiment turns out to resemble a Bell-type scenario in which the resolution of the paradox is rather trivial, and so there really is no mystery. At first glance, the experiment suggests that measurements on one part of an entangled photon pair (the idler) can be employed to control whether the measurement outcome of the other part of the photon pair (the signal) produces interference fringes at a screen after being sent through a double slit. Significantly, the choice whether there is interference or not can be made long after the signal photon encounters the screen. The results of the experiment have been alleged to invoke some sort of backwards in time influence. I argue that this issue can be eliminated by taking into proper account the role of the signal photon. Likewise, in the de Broglie–Bohm picture the trajectories of the particle can be given a well-defined description at any instant of time during the experiment. Thus, it is again clear that there is no need to resort to any kind of backwards in time influence. Quanta 2019; 8: 44-56.

arXiv:1707.07884•Quanta•Aug 11, 2019•10 citations

Delayed choice, complementarity, entanglement and measurement

Hervé Zwirn C

It is well known that Wheeler proposed several delayed choice experiments in order to show the impossibility to speak of the way a quantum system behaves before being detected. In a double-slit experiment, when do photons decide to travel by one way or by two ways? Delayed choice experiments seem to indicate that, strangely, it is possible to change the decision of the photons until the very last moment before they are detected. This led Wheeler to his famous sentence: No elementary quantum phenomenon is a phenomenon until it is a registered phenomenon, brought to a close by an irreversible act of amplification. Nevertheless some authors wrote that backward in time effects were needed to explain these results. I will show that in delayed choice experiments involving only one particle, a simple explanation is possible without invoking any backward in time effect. Delayed choice experiments involving entangled particles such as the so called quantum eraser can also be explained without invoking any backward in time effect but I will argue that these experiments cannot be accounted for so simply because they rise the whole problem of knowing what a measurement and a collapse are. A previously presented interpretation, Convivial Solipsism, is a natural framework for giving a simple explanation of these delayed choice experiments with entangled particles. In this paper, I show how Convivial Solipsism helps clarifying the puzzling questions raised by the collapse of the wave function of entangled systems.

arXiv:1607.02364•Physics Essays•Sep 15, 2017•13 citations

Quantum Eraser Experiments

George Jaroszkiewicz

Introduction In recent years, numerous quantum optics experiments have demonstrated novel quantum effects based on quantum amplitude superposition. Some of these empirical observations raise disturbing questions about the nature of reality, particularly concerning quantum nonlocality. In this chapter we discuss some experiments that suggest (to us, at least) that the information void, that uncharted regime between signal preparation and outcome detection, is not well modeled by classical spacetime. Something strange seems to be lurking there. For the purposes of exposition, the sequence of experiments we discuss in this chapter does not follow the historical sequence of those experiments, We discuss first the delayed-choice quantum eraser experiment of Kim et al. (Kim et al., 2000), referred to here as KIM. This leads us to define a heuristic measure of which-path information that is central to the theme of this chapter. This leads to a discussion of Wheeler's thought experiments on the conundrum of delayed choice in physics, particularly evident in the phenomenon of galactic lensing (Wheeler, 1983), and its empirical implementation, the delayed-choice interferometer experiment of Jacques et al., referred to as JACQUES. Our final experiment in this sequence is the double-slit quantum eraser of Walborn et al. (Walborn et al., 2002), referred to as WALBORN. That experiment gives a significant challenge for quantized detector networks (QDN) to reproduce its empirical results. Such experiments have led to suggestions that interference patterns formed by particles impacting on a screen may be influenced in some way by decisions made long after those particles had landed on that screen. Our objective in this chapter is to show by a detailed QDN analysis of those experiments that quantum principles do not support these suggestions. Nevertheless, something bizarre seems to be there. There are two complementary aspects in these experiments that have deeply worried physicists. The first involves spatial nonlocality and is the point of Wheeler's concerns. Historically, it has been a great source of debate among physicists.

Cambridge University Press eBooks•Nov 28, 2017•0 citations

Taming the Delayed Choice Quantum Eraser

Johannes Fankhauser

I discuss the delayed choice quantum eraser experiment (DCQE) by drawing an analogy to a Bell-type measurement and giving a straightforward account in standard quantum mechanics. The delayed choice quantum eraser experiment turns out to resemble a Bell-type scenario in which the paradox's resolution is rather trivial, and so there really is no mystery. At first glance, the experiment suggests that measurements on one part of an entangled photon pair (the idler) can be employed to control whether the measurement outcome of the other part of the photon pair (the signal) produces interference fringes at a screen after being sent through a double slit. Significantly, the choice whether there is interference or not can be made long after the signal photon encounters the screen. The results of the experiment have been alleged to invoke some sort of 'backwards in time influence'. I argue that this issue can be eliminated by taking into proper account the role of the signal photon. Likewise, in the de Broglie-Bohm picture the particle's trajectories can be given a well-defined description at any instant of time during the experiment. Thus, it is again clear that there is no need to resort to any kind of 'backwards in time influence'.

•Aug 12, 2017•9 citations

Random Delayed-Choice Quantum Eraser via Two-Photon Imaging

Giuliano Scarcelli, Yu Zhou, Yanhua H. Shih

We report on a delayed-choice quantum eraser experiment based on a two-photon imaging scheme using entangled photon pairs. After the detection of a photon which passed through a double-slit, a random delayed choice is made to erase or not erase the which-path information by the measurement of its distant entangled twin; the particle-like and wave-like behavior of the photon are then recorded simultaneously and respectively by only one set of joint detection devices. The present eraser takes advantage of two-photon imaging. The complete which-path information of a photon is transferred to its distant entangled twin through a "ghost" image. The choice is made on the Fourier transform plane of the ghost image between reading "complete information" or "partial information" of the double-path.

arXiv:quant-ph/0512207•Dec 22, 2005•0 citations
Abstract Wheeler proposed the "Delayed-Choice" Double-Slit Experiment. Some scholars believe that the quantum delayed eraser experiments reveals Wheeler's unmeasurable phenomenon. However, all quantum delayed eraser experiments involve non-locality between entangled photon pairs, causing the timing relationship between events on the idler path and events on the signal path to not necessarily represent the timing relationship between the correspond events on the signal path. In the quantum delayed eraser experiments, the time distinguishing the path passing through the double-slit on the signal path is when they pass through the slits. Therefore, the quantum delayed eraser experimentsdoes not adhere to the condition in Wheeler's "Delayed-Choice" Double-Slit Experiment, which need the distinction of the photons passing through the double-slit is done after the formation of the fringe pattern. The results of the quantum delayed eraser experimentsdo not exhibit the unmeasured phenomenon of Wheeler's "Delayed-Choice" Double-Slit Experiment.This paper proposes a method that eliminates the non-locality effects of entangled photons without using entangled photon pairs. By dividing the route of photons passing through the double-slit into two routes and verifying the fringe pattern based on the number of photons on the two routes, Wheeler's notion of an unmeasured phenomenon becomes measurable, thus providing a revelation method of the unmeasured phenomenon in Wheeler's "Delayed-Choice" Double-Slit Experiment.
Abstract Wheeler proposed the "Delayed-Choice" Double-Slit Experiment. Perhaps the quantum delayed eraser experiments revealed Wheeler's unmeasurable phenomenon. However, all quantum delayed eraser experiments involve non-locality between entangled photon pairs, causing the timing relationship between events on the idler path and events on the signal path to not necessarily represent the timing relationship between the correspond events on the signal path. In the quantum delayed eraser experiments, the time distinguishing the path passing through the double-slit on the signal path is when they pass through the slits. Therefore, the quantum delayed eraser experiments do not adhere to the condition in Wheeler's "Delayed-Choice" Double-Slit Experiment, which need the distinction of the photons passing through the double-slit is done after the formation of the fringe pattern. The results of the quantum delayed eraser experiments do not exhibit the unmeasured phenomenon of Wheeler's "Delayed-Choice" Double-Slit Experiment. This paper proposes a method that eliminates the non-locality effects of entangled photons without using entangled photon pairs. By dividing the route of photons passing through the double-slit into two routes and verifying the fringe pattern based on the number of photons on the two routes, Wheeler's notion of an unmeasured phenomenon becomes measurable, thus providing a revelation method of the unmeasured phenomenon in Wheeler's "Delayed-Choice" Double-Slit Experiment.
I discuss the delayed choice quantum eraser experiment by drawing an analogy to a Bell-type measurement and giving a straightforward account in standard quantum mechanics. The delayed choice quantum eraser experiment turns out to resemble a Bell-type scenario in which the resolution of the paradox is rather trivial, and so there really is no mystery. At first glance, the experiment suggests that measurements on one part of an entangled photon pair (the idler) can be employed to control whether the measurement outcome of the other part of the photon pair (the signal) produces interference fringes at a screen after being sent through a double slit. Significantly, the choice whether there is interference or not can be made long after the signal photon encounters the screen. The results of the experiment have been alleged to invoke some sort of backwards in time influence. I argue that this issue can be eliminated by taking into proper account the role of the signal photon. Likewise, in the de Broglie–Bohm picture the trajectories of the particle can be given a well-defined description at any instant of time during the experiment. Thus, it is again clear that there is no need to resort to any kind of backwards in time influence. Quanta 2019; 8: 44-56.
It is well known that Wheeler proposed several delayed choice experiments in order to show the impossibility to speak of the way a quantum system behaves before being detected. In a double-slit experiment, when do photons decide to travel by one way or by two ways? Delayed choice experiments seem to indicate that, strangely, it is possible to change the decision of the photons until the very last moment before they are detected. This led Wheeler to his famous sentence: No elementary quantum phenomenon is a phenomenon until it is a registered phenomenon, brought to a close by an irreversible act of amplification. Nevertheless some authors wrote that backward in time effects were needed to explain these results. I will show that in delayed choice experiments involving only one particle, a simple explanation is possible without invoking any backward in time effect. Delayed choice experiments involving entangled particles such as the so called quantum eraser can also be explained without invoking any backward in time effect but I will argue that these experiments cannot be accounted for so simply because they rise the whole problem of knowing what a measurement and a collapse are. A previously presented interpretation, Convivial Solipsism, is a natural framework for giving a simple explanation of these delayed choice experiments with entangled particles. In this paper, I show how Convivial Solipsism helps clarifying the puzzling questions raised by the collapse of the wave function of entangled systems.
Introduction In recent years, numerous quantum optics experiments have demonstrated novel quantum effects based on quantum amplitude superposition. Some of these empirical observations raise disturbing questions about the nature of reality, particularly concerning quantum nonlocality. In this chapter we discuss some experiments that suggest (to us, at least) that the information void, that uncharted regime between signal preparation and outcome detection, is not well modeled by classical spacetime. Something strange seems to be lurking there. For the purposes of exposition, the sequence of experiments we discuss in this chapter does not follow the historical sequence of those experiments, We discuss first the delayed-choice quantum eraser experiment of Kim et al. (Kim et al., 2000), referred to here as KIM. This leads us to define a heuristic measure of which-path information that is central to the theme of this chapter. This leads to a discussion of Wheeler's thought experiments on the conundrum of delayed choice in physics, particularly evident in the phenomenon of galactic lensing (Wheeler, 1983), and its empirical implementation, the delayed-choice interferometer experiment of Jacques et al., referred to as JACQUES. Our final experiment in this sequence is the double-slit quantum eraser of Walborn et al. (Walborn et al., 2002), referred to as WALBORN. That experiment gives a significant challenge for quantized detector networks (QDN) to reproduce its empirical results. Such experiments have led to suggestions that interference patterns formed by particles impacting on a screen may be influenced in some way by decisions made long after those particles had landed on that screen. Our objective in this chapter is to show by a detailed QDN analysis of those experiments that quantum principles do not support these suggestions. Nevertheless, something bizarre seems to be there. There are two complementary aspects in these experiments that have deeply worried physicists. The first involves spatial nonlocality and is the point of Wheeler's concerns. Historically, it has been a great source of debate among physicists.
I discuss the delayed choice quantum eraser experiment (DCQE) by drawing an analogy to a Bell-type measurement and giving a straightforward account in standard quantum mechanics. The delayed choice quantum eraser experiment turns out to resemble a Bell-type scenario in which the paradox's resolution is rather trivial, and so there really is no mystery. At first glance, the experiment suggests that measurements on one part of an entangled photon pair (the idler) can be employed to control whether the measurement outcome of the other part of the photon pair (the signal) produces interference fringes at a screen after being sent through a double slit. Significantly, the choice whether there is interference or not can be made long after the signal photon encounters the screen. The results of the experiment have been alleged to invoke some sort of 'backwards in time influence'. I argue that this issue can be eliminated by taking into proper account the role of the signal photon. Likewise, in the de Broglie-Bohm picture the particle's trajectories can be given a well-defined description at any instant of time during the experiment. Thus, it is again clear that there is no need to resort to any kind of 'backwards in time influence'.
We report on a delayed-choice quantum eraser experiment based on a two-photon imaging scheme using entangled photon pairs. After the detection of a photon which passed through a double-slit, a random delayed choice is made to erase or not erase the which-path information by the measurement of its distant entangled twin; the particle-like and wave-like behavior of the photon are then recorded simultaneously and respectively by only one set of joint detection devices. The present eraser takes advantage of two-photon imaging. The complete which-path information of a photon is transferred to its distant entangled twin through a "ghost" image. The choice is made on the Fourier transform plane of the ghost image between reading "complete information" or "partial information" of the double-path.