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Optics Communications

Optical gain in a degenerate two-level system in the presence of a transverse magnetic field

D.H. Fernandes, Raoni S. N. Moreira, J. C. de Aquino Carvalho, J. P. Lopez

Published Apr 28, 2024• 1 citation
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.optcom.2024.130645

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We discuss the effect of static and time-dependent longitudinal and transverse magnetic fields on degenerate two-level and three-level systems in Rb atomic vapor. The effect of a transverse magnetic field (TMF) on the absorption spectra of degenerate two-level systems in the D2 line of 87Rb is investigated both analytically and numerically. We compare the effect of the TMF on the absorption of a σ polarized pump in the Hanle configuration with that of a σ− probe in the presence of a σ+ pump in the pump-probe configuration, and show that the absorption spectra in both configurations is split in the presence of a TMF and that the splitting is proportional to the magnitude of the TMF. Coherent population trapping (CPT) transients induced by a modulated longitudinal magnetic field (LMF) are investigated theoretically for a realistic three-level Λ system in the D1 line of 87Rb. The contributions to the transient probe absorption from the various subsystems that comprise the realistic atomic system are examined and the absorption of each Λ subsystem is compared to that of a simple Λ system. We also present theoretical results for CPT transients induced by a modulated TMF. The application of a TMF leads to the appearance of new Λ subsystems, the creation of new dark states and the rearrangement of the population among the Zeeman sublevels. We show that transients appear as the system is switched between various steady-state situations and we identify the various components of the total probe absorption.
Abstract We study the effect of the Goos–Hänchen (GH) shifts through a cavity with degenerate two-level systems in the line of . For this purpose, we focus on the transverse magnetic field (TMF) in a Floquet frame to obtain the giant GH shifts. Physically, the collisional effects of TMF lead to increasing the population trapping in the ground state. However, we demonstrate that the population trapping generates the large negative or positive GH shifts and simultaneously switches from superluminal to subluminal (or vice versa). Also, we investigate the other optical properties such as the longitudinal magnetic field (LMF), which plays an important role in the control of the GH shifts and leads to the generation of new subsystems. In the next step, we evaluate the GH shifts beyond the multi-photon resonance condition by the control of TMF. Moreover, we compute the appearance of negative and positive GH shifts by setting the width of the incident Gaussian beams in the presence of a multi-photon resonance condition. Our results show that superluminal or subluminal light propagation can be simultaneously controlled by adjusting the rates of the TMF and LMF. The significant effects of these factors on the degenerate two-level systems provide different applications such as slow light, optical switches and quantum information storage.
Abstract We report on the measurements of magnetically assisted dispersion and gain in a Zeeman degenerate two-level system associated with the closed D 2 hyperfine transition F g = 3 → F e = 2 cold cesium atoms. We use a Mach–Zehnder interferometer to measure the dispersive properties of this system in the presence of a magnetic field, transversal to the quantization direction, when the atomic system is excited by a coupling and probe beams with orthogonal polarizations. We have measured the spectrum of the refraction index for different magnitudes of the external magnetic field and different coupling beam intensities. A previously published theoretical model, using a simpler atomic transition F g = 1 → F e = 0 , accounts reasonably for the experimentally observed gain and dispersive lineshapes.