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Optical and Quantum Sensing and Precision Metrology II

Quantum correlated four-wave-mixing: creation of n-dimensional optical cluster states

Zhifan Zhou

Published Mar 13, 2024• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Error correction in measurement-based quantum computing schemes will require the construction of cluster states in at least 3 dimensions. Here, we generate 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-dimensional optical frequency-mode cluster states by sending broadband 2-mode vacuum-squeezed light through an electro-optical modulator (EOM) driven with multiple frequencies. We create the squeezed light using 4-wave mixing in Rb atomic vapor and mix the sideband frequencies (qumodes) using an EOM, producing a pattern of entanglement correlations that constitute continuous-variable graph states containing up to several hundred qumodes. We verify the entanglement structure by using homodyne measurements to construct the covariance matrices and evaluate the nullifiers. This technique enables the scaling of optical cluster states to multiple dimensions without increasing loss.

DOI
10.1117/12.3012340

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The four-wave-mixing interactions produced by pumping at two well-separated frequencies can couple four different radiation modes to generate a new kind of squeezed state of light. A dual-frequency homodyne detection scheme is described and is used to observe this type of nonclassical correlation. Initial experimental results in an optical fiber show a noise level 20% below the vacuum noise level for the output of the dual-frequency detector, even though the noise at each individual detector remains above the vacuum level.