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Optical and Quantum Sensing and Precision Metrology II

Demonstration of single ion trapping in a sealed micro trap tube for optical clock

Thai M. Hoang, Wei Zhang, Thanh T. Le, Mehdi Langlois, Yuna Park, Sean Mulholland, John D. Prestage, Andrey B. Matsko, Nan Yu

Published Mar 13, 2024• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1117/12.3012768

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In this paper, we report our recent effort on developing a micro mercury trapped ion atomic clock. In particular, we present preliminary results of a mercury-ion clock using a 15-cc vacuum trap tube. The mercury-ion clock can achieve a short-term fractional frequency instability of 1.5 ×10!12τ!1/2and reach a fractional frequency instability of 3 ×10!14after averaging for an hour. The clock can remain at the 10!14fractional frequency instability level up to several hours. Furthermore, the sealed 15-cc vacuum tube has demonstrated a very long ion lifetime of over two hundred days. We also investigated the mercury vapor density inside the vacuum trap tube by measuring the coherence time of the microwave clock transition.
Abstract Optical clocks have well surpassed the frequency stability performance of microwave clocks. They have been mainly limited to tabletop setups and large rack-mount systems. Miniaturizing optical clocks will make the new technology and capability more ubiquitously applied to applications from navigation to fundamental science. Here we aim to develop a miniature space optical clock (mSOC) with the size of a compact microwave clock and capable of achieving a short-term stability of 10−14 τ −1/2 and noise floor of 10−16. In this paper, we will describe the mSOC concept, discuss the experimental setup, and present recent results. We have demonstrated trapping single ions and characterized the ion lifetime in a 16-cc trap tube. The trap tube is completely sealed off without any active pump. We also constructed a clock laser referenced to a small ultra-low expansion reference cavity at a low 10−14 level and observed the clock transition.