With the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, the number of IoT users is growing year after year. IoT will become a part of our daily lives, so it is likely that the security of these devices will be an important issue in the future. Quantum computing is maturing, and the security threat associated with quantum computing will be faced in the transmissions of IoT devices, which mainly use wireless communication technologies. Therefore, to ensure the protection of transmitted data, a cryptographic algorithm that is efficient in defeating quantum computer attacks needs to be developed. In this paper, we propose a device authentication and secure communication system with post-quantum cryptography (PQC) for AIoT environments using the NTRU and Falcon signature mechanism, which can resist quantum computer attacks and be used in AIoT environments to effectively protect the confidentiality, integrity, and non-repudiation of transmitted data. We also used Raspberry Pi to simulate AIoT devices for implementation.
With the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, the number of IoT users is growing year after year. IoT will become a part of our daily lives, so it is likely that the security of these devices will be an important issue in the future. Quantum computing is maturing, and the security threat associated with quantum computing will be faced in the transmissions of IoT devices, which mainly use wireless communication technologies. Therefore, to ensure the protection of transmitted data, a cryptographic algorithm that is efficient in defeating quantum computer attacks needs to be developed. In this paper, we propose a device authentication and secure communication system with post-quantum cryptography (PQC) for AIoT environments using the NTRU and Falcon signature mechanism, which can resist quantum computer attacks and be used in AIoT environments to effectively protect the confidentiality, integrity, and non-repudiation of transmitted data. We also used Raspberry Pi to simulate AIoT devices for implementation.
The rapid expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) has introduced millions of resource-constrained devices into critical infrastructures, consumer environments, and industrial systems. These devices rely on lightweight communication protocols such as MQTT to support low-power, intermittent, and bandwidth-limited operation. However, common TLS algorithms used to secure MQTT communications are vulnerable to quantum attacks made feasible by Shor's algorithm. As a result, IoT infrastructures must evaluate and adopt post-quantum cryptographic (PQC) methods capable of providing long-term resilience. This report investigates the implementation of PQC algorithms within an MQTT-based IoT networks using three Raspberry Pis. Specifically, it integrates the FALCON digital signature scheme, one of NIST's selected post-quantum signature algorithms, to maintain message authenticity and integrity across resource-constrained MQTT clients and brokers. By measuring system performance, the research characterizes the practical trade-offs of deploying lattice-based PQC on lightweight hardware.
The rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) has connected billions of smart devices across healthcare, transportation, industrial automation, and smart home environments. While IoT has enhanced automation and data-driven decision-making, its widespread deployment has also increased the risk of cyberattacks. Conventional public-key cryptographic algorithms such as RSA and Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) are vulnerable to future quantum computing attacks, particularly those based on Shor's algorithm. This paper proposes a Quantum-Resistant Cryptographic Framework (QRCF) for secure IoT communication using lattice-based cryptography integrated with lightweight authentication and efficient key management. The framework is designed to meet the computational limitations of IoT devices while ensuring long-term confidentiality and integrity. Performance evaluation demonstrates improvements in security resilience, authentication efficiency, and communication reliability compared with traditional cryptographic approaches. The proposed framework offers a scalable and future-ready solution for protecting IoT ecosystems in the post-quantum era.
The Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized the way devices communicate and interact, enabling seamless integration into various aspects of daily life by billions of connected devices equipped with small, embedded controllers that monitor and manage our increasingly interconnected world. The swift growth of IoT devices has led to significant concerns about data security and privacy. Traditional cryptographic algorithms, usually lightweight cryptography, are effective against classical computing threats. However, they are vulnerable to attacks from emerging quantum computing technologies, which can quickly solve the mathematically hard problems used in classical cryptography. Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) offers promising solution by providing cryptographic primitives resistant to quantum attacks. This chapter addresses challenges posed by resource constrained IoT devices, like limited processing power and memory. It also explores the integration of PQC algorithms suitable for IoT environments, considering factors like computational efficiency and resistance to quantum attacks.
Abstract With the emergence of quantum computing, traditional cryptographic algorithms face the threat of being compromised, necessitating the development of quantum-resistant alternatives. The Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm presents unique security challenges due to its vast scale and resource-constrained devices. This research aims to address these challenges by proposing a novel quantum-resistant cryptographic algorithm QuantIoT specifically designed for securing IoT devices. The research begins by evaluating the vulnerabilities of existing cryptographic algorithms against quantum attacks and identifying the need for post-quantum solutions in the IoT context. Various families of post quantum cryptographic algorithms, including lattice based and hash based schemes, are examined to assess their suitability for securing IoT devices. Based on the analysis, a novel quantum-resistant cryptographic algorithm tailored for IoT devices is proposed. The algorithm takes into account the limited computational capabilities, power constraints, and communication requirements of IoT devices while offering strong defence against both conventional and quantum threats. The proposed algorithm is evaluated through simulations and practical experiments on a representative IoT platform. Performance metrics, including computation time, memory usage, and communication overhead, are measured and compared against traditional cryptographic algorithms. The results show that the suggested quantum-resistant technique for protecting IoT devices is workable and effective. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on post-quantum cryptography and provides valuable insights for the design and implementation of secure IoT systems in the face of quantum threats.
The rapid expansion of Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystems has increased the need for communication mechanisms that can remain secure against emerging computational threats. Conventional asymmetric cryptographic schemes, including RSA and Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC), are vulnerable to advances in quantum computing due to the ability of Shor's algorithm to undermine their underlying mathematical assumptions. To address these challenges, this paper presents PQ-IoT SecureCom, a quantum-resistant communication framework built using NIST-standardized post-quantum cryptographic primitives. The proposed framework employs ML-KEM (derived from Kyber) for secure key encapsulation and ML-DSA (derived from Dilithium) for digital authentication, combined with AESGCM to ensure data confidentiality and integrity. Additional security mechanisms, including PQC-based device certification, periodic session key updates, and nonce-based timestamp validation, are incorporated to mitigate replay and impersonation attacks. The framework also supports a hybrid operational mode that enables performance comparison between classical and postquantum cryptographic schemes. System behavior is monitored using a real-time dashboard that records cryptographic overhead, communication metrics, and detected security events. Experimental evaluation shows that ML-KEM and ML-DSA significantly enhance security while introducing computational overhead that remains acceptable for contemporary IoT devices. Through automated attack simulations and detailed event logging, PQ-IoT SecureCom demonstrates the practical feasibility of deploying scalable post-quantum security in IoT communication systems.
Cryptographic algorithms are crucial for secure communication in the Internet of Things (IoT). Quantum computers threaten public key cryptography algorithms like RSA (Rivest, Shamir, Adleman) and Diffie-Hellman (DH) key exchange schemes, which are widely in use today. As cryptographic algorithms are the foundation of secure internet communication, the development of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) and Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) is essential to protect transactions over the internet. However, solutions like Quantum Key Distribution require heavy infrastructure. So, it is not feasible for the Internet of Things with fewer resources in computing power and form factor. Post-Quantum Cryptography is helpful on these devices. But, it needs further developments and improvements. This paper analyzes cryptography algorithms and protocols of IoT with different categories. Integrated PQC of National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) third level finalists on Raspberry Pi 4 (RPI4) board with Linux operating system. The performance of Post-Quantum Cryptography schemes for IoT has been evaluated. Finally, a Post-Quantum Cryptography scheme has been suggested for the Internet of Things based on the performance analysis.