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Cluster Computing

A privacy preserving quantum authentication scheme for secure data sharing in wireless body area networks

Sunil Prajapat, Pankaj Kumar, Sandeep Kumar

Published Apr 14, 2024• 37 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s10586-024-04449-9

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Reliable communication over Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) is an essential aspect of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) because the physiological data flows between wearable sensor nodes is sensitive data. The convectional cryptography methods usually apply a lot of computational complexity as well as energy overhead besides which they are not going to fit in the ultra-low-power WBANs. In the current paper a light-weight, energy-efficient Physical Layer Key Generation (PLKG) scheme the possibilities of which based on the native randomness and reciprocity of the wireless channel is used to generate secure symmetric keys is presented. With WBANs, there is a lot of temporal and spatial dynamics in the human body and its surrounding environment, which causes great variability in channel characteristics, in terms of Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) and Channel State Information (CSI). Such physical layer parameters can be used as perfect entropy sources in generation of unique, unpredictable secret keys with whose knowledge, communication between nodes is possible and mutually exclusive only. The channel probing in the proposed framework is also robust, multi-bit quantization is performed adaptively, information reconciliation is performed through error correction codes, and privacy amplification is made through cryptographic hashing. We have developed a resilient system against bit mismatch and efficiently against passively eavesdropping, we guarantee the secrecy of the generated keys under adversary situation. With realistic WBAN models simulation and experiment validation shows that the proposed approach is capable of generating keystokes with very high key generation rate (50 bps) and a bit mismatch rate of lower than 3 percent as compared to existing schemes that solely relied on RSSI, making this protocol more secure and reliable to use. In addition, the framework meets the statistical randomness requirements specified by NIST and it does not leak mutual information to eavesdroppers. The scheme allows real-time use on resource-constrained devices, e.g., wearable medical devices and health-monitoring sensor, as it has low computational and memory overhead. The findings establish the feasibility of employing physical layer properties to achieve secure WBANs communication without any pre-shared keys or a centralized trust paradigm, thus, opening the way to scalable and privacy-preserving healthcare systems.
Many cryptographic techniques have been proposed to conceive a secure and privacy-oriented vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) for its practical deployment. The security of these techniques requires a common secret key to be shared between the communicating entities or depend upon the premise that some mathematical problems are computationally hard. However, because of the open nature of the wireless medium, the communication cannot be kept confidential and is prone to eavesdropping. Furthermore, with the arrival of quantum computers, these techniques are prone to quantum attacks—the time complexity of the assumed hard problem gets reduced from millions of years to a few seconds. In this paper, we propose a conditional privacy-preserving authentication scheme based on a quantum key distribution protocol for vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication. Our scheme inherits the properties of the quantum key distribution protocol. It does not require a secret authentication key to be transmitted conventionally and is resistant to quantum attacks. Apart from protecting VANETs against generic security threats, including node impersonation, message tampering, and repudiation, our scheme defends VANETs against man-in-the-middle attacks, replay attacks, etc. Besides, our protocol ensures message unlinkability, vehicle-identity privacy, and vehicle traceability if a vehicle misbehaves. The results obtained from the performance evaluation of our scheme confirm reasonable values of information leakage, key length, bit error probability, etc.