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Chinese Physics B

Nonlinearly induced entanglement in dissipatively coupled optomechanical system

Wen-Quan 文全 Yang 杨, Xuan Leng, Jiong 泂 Cheng 程, Wen-Zhao Zhang

Published Apr 12, 2024• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Nonlinearly induced steady-state photon–phonon entanglement of a dissipative coupled system is studied in the bistable regime. Quantum dynamical characteristics are analysed by solving the mean-field and fluctuation equations of the system. It is shown that dissipative coupling can induce bistable behaviour for the effective dissipation of the system. Under suitable parameters, one of the steady states significantly reduces the dissipative effect of the system. Consequently, a larger steady-state entanglement can be achieved compared to linear dynamics. Furthermore, the experimental feasibility of the parameters is analysed. Our results provide a new perspective for the implementation of steady-state optomechanical entanglement.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/ad3dd6

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Nonlinearly induced steady-state photon–phonon entanglement of a dissipative coupled system is studied in the bistable regime. Quantum dynamical characteristics are analysed by solving the mean-field and fluctuation equations of the system. It is shown that dissipative coupling can induce bistable behaviour for the effective dissipation of the system. Under suitable parameters, one of the steady states significantly reduces the dissipative effect of the system. Consequently, a larger steady-state entanglement can be achieved compared to linear dynamics. Furthermore, the experimental feasibility of the parameters is analysed. Our results provide a new perspective for the implementation of steady-state optomechanical entanglement.
Macroscopic entanglement, as a critical quantum resource in quantum information science, has been extensively studied in coherent optomechanics over the past decades. However, entanglement in dissipative optomechanics, where the cavity linewidth depends on the position of the mechanical resonator, remains largely unexplored. In this work, we investigate quantum entanglement in a dissipative optomechanical system realized by a Michelson-Sagnac interferometer with a movable membrane. This configuration enables the switching between coherent and dissipative optomechanical couplings at will. With experimentally feasible parameters, we demonstrate that the steady-state mechanical displacement exhibits a nonlinear (linear) dependence on the driving power under coherent (dissipative) coupling. Furthermore, we show that the quantum entanglement generated via dissipative coupling is significantly stronger and more robust to noise than that generated via coherent coupling. When both coherent and dissipative couplings are simultaneously present, the entanglement is weakened due to quantum interference. Our results indicate that dissipative optomechanical coupling can be a promising route for engineering strong and noise-resilient quantum entanglement.
A controllable entanglement scheme of two mechanical oscillators is proposed in a composite optomechanical system. In the case of strong driving and high dissipation, the dynamics of the movable mirror of the optomechanical cavity is characterized by an effective frequency in the long-time evolution of the system. Considering the classical nonlinear effects in an optomechanical system, we investigate the relationship between the effective frequency of the movable mirror and the adjustable parameters of the cavity. It shows that the effective frequency of the movable mirror can be adjusted ranging from ω m (the resonance frequency of the coupling oscillator) to − ω m . Under the condition of experimental realization, we can generate and control steady-state entanglement between two oscillators by adjusting the effective frequency of the movable mirror and reducing the effective dissipation by selecting the parameter of the cavity driving laser appropriately. Our scheme provides a promising platform to control the steady-state behavior of solid-state qubits using classical manipulation, which is significant for quantum information processing and fundamental research.
Abstract Based on a scheme proposed to experience the dynamical Casimir effect in optomechanical systems, we show how to squeeze mechanical motion and entangle the optical field with mechanical motion in an optomechanical system containing a parametric amplification. The scheme is based on optical bistability which emerges in the system for a strong enough driving field. By considering the steady state’s lower branch of the bistability, the system shows weak entanglement and almost no mechanical squeezing. When the steady state is on the upper branch of the bistable shape, both squeezing and entanglement are greatly enhanced. Specifically, the entanglement shows three degrees of magnitude enhancement. However, this giant entanglement is fragile against decoherence and thermal fluctuation. Regarding the mechanical squeezing, it reaches the standard quantum limit (SQL) in the upper branch of the bistability. Our proposal provides a way to improve quantum effects in optomechanical systems by taking advantage of nonlinearities. This scheme can be realized in similar systems such as superconducting microwave, and hybrid optomechanical systems.
We propose an approach for generating steady-state mechanical entanglement in a coupled optomechanical system. By applying four-tone driving lasers with weighted amplitudes and specific frequencies, we obtain an effective Hamiltonian that couples the delocalized Bogoliubov modes of the two mechanical oscillators to the cavity modes via beam-splitter-like interactions. When the mechanical decay rate is small, the Bogoliubov modes can be effectively cooled by the dissipative dynamics of the cavity modes, generating steady-state entanglement of the mechanical modes. The mechanical entanglement obtained in the stationary regime is strongly dependent on the values of the ratio of the effective optomechanical coupling strengths. Numerical simulation with the full linearized Hamiltonian shows that significant amount of mechanical entanglement can indeed be obtained by balancing the opposing effects of varying the ratio and by carefully avoiding the system parameters that may lead to amplified oscillations of the mechanical mean values detrimental to the entanglement generation.
Abstract We investigate a hybrid optomechanical system consisting of an ensemble of quantum emitters inside a standard optomechanical cavity with a moving end mirror, in which the motion of the mirror changes the transition rate of each emitter and therefore leads to a direct coupling between the internal state of the quantum emitter and the mechanical mode. We analyzed the steady-state characteristics of the optomechanical system and found that the bistability of the system depends strongly on the distance between the emitter ensemble and the mirror. Further, we also analyze in detail the influences of the distance and other system parameters, i.e., the effective detunings, the driving power, the decay rates of the cavity, and the emitter ensemble and the thermal phonons on the steady-state entanglement by considering fluctuation of the mechanical oscillator, the cavity field, and the emitter ensemble. It is found that the degree of the steady-state entanglement can be greatly enhanced in a certain range of parameters by increasing the vacuum-induced emitter–mirror coupling, which can be realized by decreasing the emitter–mirror distance and increasing properly the free-space spontaneous emission rate of the emitter.
Entanglement had played a crucial role in developing frontier technologies as a critical resource, for instance, in quantum teleportation and quantum sensing schemes. Notably, thanks to the ability to cool down the vibrational modes of mechanical oscillators to its quantum regime, entanglement between mechanical modes and the production of nonclassical mechanical states have emerged as central resources for quantum technological applications. Thus, proposing deterministic schemes to achieve those tasks is of paramount importance. While the dominant scheme for bipartite mechanical entanglement involves Gaussian optomechanical interactions (linearized regime) to generate two-mode squeezed vacuum states, entangling two-modes exploiting the bare non-Gaussian optomechanical interaction (nonlinear strong single-photon regime) remains less covered. This work proposes an on-demand scheme to engineer phononic non-Gaussian bipartite entanglement in the nonlinear regime by exploiting cavity dissipation. Interestingly, our protocol (operating in the resolved sideband and photon blockade regime) renders the possibility of achieving a high degree of steady-state entanglement. We further show that our deterministic scheme is robust in the presence of decoherence and temperature within state-of-the-art optomechanics, along with the required conditions to obtain non-Gaussianity of the achieved bipartite mechanical steady-state.