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Annalen der Physik

Photon Blockades in an Optomechanical Cavity with a Bose‐Einstein Condensate in the Strong Coupling Regime

Cuilu Zhai, Wangjun Lu, Ya‐Feng Jiao, Le‐Man Kuang

Published Mar 25, 2024• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract A proposal is made on how to manipulate photon blockades (PBs) and photon‐induced tunneling (PIT) in an optomechanical cavity with a Bose‐Einstein Condensate. It is shown that the single‐photon blockade (1PB) can emerge with appropriate scattering strength between atoms. Further, by tuning interatomic scattering strength, the switch between 1PB and PIT at the fixed optical detuning can be realized in interatomic repulsion or attraction conditions. The enhancement of 1PB can also be achieved. The scattering control of PBs can be understood from the perspective of the anharmonicity of the energy levels modulated by the interatomic collision. Such a system can be equivalent to a conventional optomechanical system plus an interatomic scattering term. It is found that although there are no PBs in the conventional optomechanical system, in the BEC optomechanical system (BECOMS), PBs can occur at the fixed optical detuning. Moreover, the BECOMS can exhibit stronger 1PB under the same optomechanical coupling intensity. Due to the advantages of intrinsic strong optomechanical nonlinearity and the negligible thermal noise of the mechanical environment, BECOMS is promising for experimental realization of PBs. The results open new possibilities for manipulating few‐photon states in quantum regime in cavity optomechanics with a Bose‐Einstein Condensate.

DOI
10.1002/andp.202300465

Related papers

(Ann. Phys. 8/2024)

Photon Blockades in an Optomechanical Cavity In article number 2300465, Le-Man Kuang and co-workers study the photon blockades in an optomechanical cavity with a BoseEinstein condensate. By tuning the interatomic scattering strength, a switch between single-photon blockade and photon-induced tunneling can be realized, and the enhancement of single-photon blockade can be achieved in both interatomic repulsion and attraction conditions. Moreover, the system can exhibit stronger single-photon blockade under the same optomechanical coupling than a conventional optomechanical system.

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We propose how to mechanically control photon blockade (PB) and photon-induced tunneling (PIT) in an optomechanical system. We show that single-photon blockade (1PB) and two-photon blockade (2PB) can emerge by tuning mechanical driving parameters. Moreover, by varying the strength of mechanical driving, PIT can be converted into 1PB or 2PB, or vice versa, with the constant optical frequency. We refer to this effect as PIT-1PB or PIT-2PB switch. In addition, the switch between 1PB and 2PB can also be realized with this strategy. This mechanical engineering of quantum optical effects can be understood from the shifts of energy levels induced by external mechanical pumping. Our results not only pave the way towards devising new schemes for quantum light switch but also, on a more fundamental level, could shed light on the nonclassicality of the few-photon states.

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Abstract In this paper, conventional phonon blockade (CPNB) and conventional photon blockade (CPTB) effects, as well as unconventional phonon blockade (UPB) effects, are studied in an optomechanical system with nonlinear interaction between the cavity frequency and the square of the mechanical displacement driven by an external field, where a two‐level atom couples with the mechanical mode and a microwave driving field pumps cavity mode. The second‐order correlation function is analytically calculated, which is in good agreement with the numerical simulation given by the master equation. With energy‐level diagram, the atom‐mechanical mode coupling is found to induces the degeneracy splitting of the states and give the optimal conditions for CPNB and CPTB in this system. With the origin of UPB, the optimal conditions are derived and it is found that the realization of UPB is determined by the two couplings of the cavity and atom with respect to the mechanical mode. Moreover, some discussions on the experimental implementation in this quadratically coupled optomechanical system are presented. This study provides a possible way for realizing single‐photon nonlinearity and can extend the applications of optomechanical systems in the field of quantum optics.

Advanced Quantum Technologies•Feb 29, 2024•6 citations
Abstract A proposal is made on how to manipulate photon blockades (PBs) and photon‐induced tunneling (PIT) in an optomechanical cavity with a Bose‐Einstein Condensate. It is shown that the single‐photon blockade (1PB) can emerge with appropriate scattering strength between atoms. Further, by tuning interatomic scattering strength, the switch between 1PB and PIT at the fixed optical detuning can be realized in interatomic repulsion or attraction conditions. The enhancement of 1PB can also be achieved. The scattering control of PBs can be understood from the perspective of the anharmonicity of the energy levels modulated by the interatomic collision. Such a system can be equivalent to a conventional optomechanical system plus an interatomic scattering term. It is found that although there are no PBs in the conventional optomechanical system, in the BEC optomechanical system (BECOMS), PBs can occur at the fixed optical detuning. Moreover, the BECOMS can exhibit stronger 1PB under the same optomechanical coupling intensity. Due to the advantages of intrinsic strong optomechanical nonlinearity and the negligible thermal noise of the mechanical environment, BECOMS is promising for experimental realization of PBs. The results open new possibilities for manipulating few‐photon states in quantum regime in cavity optomechanics with a Bose‐Einstein Condensate.
Photon Blockades in an Optomechanical Cavity In article number 2300465, Le-Man Kuang and co-workers study the photon blockades in an optomechanical cavity with a BoseEinstein condensate. By tuning the interatomic scattering strength, a switch between single-photon blockade and photon-induced tunneling can be realized, and the enhancement of single-photon blockade can be achieved in both interatomic repulsion and attraction conditions. Moreover, the system can exhibit stronger single-photon blockade under the same optomechanical coupling than a conventional optomechanical system.
We propose how to mechanically control photon blockade (PB) and photon-induced tunneling (PIT) in an optomechanical system. We show that single-photon blockade (1PB) and two-photon blockade (2PB) can emerge by tuning mechanical driving parameters. Moreover, by varying the strength of mechanical driving, PIT can be converted into 1PB or 2PB, or vice versa, with the constant optical frequency. We refer to this effect as PIT-1PB or PIT-2PB switch. In addition, the switch between 1PB and 2PB can also be realized with this strategy. This mechanical engineering of quantum optical effects can be understood from the shifts of energy levels induced by external mechanical pumping. Our results not only pave the way towards devising new schemes for quantum light switch but also, on a more fundamental level, could shed light on the nonclassicality of the few-photon states.
We study the single-photon blockade (1PB), two-photon blockade (2PB), and photon-induced tunneling (PIT) effects in a cavity–atom optomechanical system in which a two-level atom is coupled to a single-model cavity field via a two-photon interaction. By analyzing the eigenenergy spectrum of the system, we obtain a perfect 1PB with a high occupancy probability of single-photon excitation, which means that a high-quality and efficient single-photon source can be generated. However, PIT often occurs in many cases when we consider 2PB in analogy to 1PB. In addition, we find that a 2PB region will present in the optomechanical system, which can be proved by calculating the correlation function of the model analytically.
A major goal within the field of optomechanics is to achieve the single-photon strong-coupling regime, wherein even a mechanical displacement as small as the zero-point uncertainty is enough to shift an optical cavity resonance by more than its linewidth. This goal is difficult, however, due to the small zero-point motion of conventional mechanical systems. Here, we show that an atom trapped in and coupled to a cavity constitutes an attractive platform for realizing this regime. In particular, while many experiments focus on achieving strong coupling between a photon and the atomic internal degree of freedom, this same resource also naturally enables one to obtain optomechanical strong coupling, in combination with the low mass of an atom and the isolation of its motion from a thermal environment. As an example, we show that an optomechanically induced photon blockade can be realized in realistic setups, and provide signatures of how this effect can be distinguished from the conventional Jaynes-Cummings blockade associated with the two-level nature of the atomic transition.
It is well-known that some nonlinear phenomena such as strong photon blockade are hard to be observed in optomechanical system with current experimental technology. Here, we present a coherent feedback control strategy in which a linear cavity is coherently controlled by an optomechanical controller in a feedback manner. The coherent feedback loop transfers and enhances quantum nonlinearity from the controller to the controlled cavity, which makes it possible to observe strong nonlinear effects in either linear cavity or optomechanical cavity. More interestingly, we find that the strong photon blockade under single-photon optomechanical weak coupling condition could be observed in the quantum regime. Additionally, the coherent feedback loop leads to two-photon and multiphoton tunnelings for the controlled linear cavity, which are also typical quantum nonlinear phenomenon. We hope that our work can give new perspectives in engineering nonlinear quantum phenomena.
Abstract In this paper, conventional phonon blockade (CPNB) and conventional photon blockade (CPTB) effects, as well as unconventional phonon blockade (UPB) effects, are studied in an optomechanical system with nonlinear interaction between the cavity frequency and the square of the mechanical displacement driven by an external field, where a two‐level atom couples with the mechanical mode and a microwave driving field pumps cavity mode. The second‐order correlation function is analytically calculated, which is in good agreement with the numerical simulation given by the master equation. With energy‐level diagram, the atom‐mechanical mode coupling is found to induces the degeneracy splitting of the states and give the optimal conditions for CPNB and CPTB in this system. With the origin of UPB, the optimal conditions are derived and it is found that the realization of UPB is determined by the two couplings of the cavity and atom with respect to the mechanical mode. Moreover, some discussions on the experimental implementation in this quadratically coupled optomechanical system are presented. This study provides a possible way for realizing single‐photon nonlinearity and can extend the applications of optomechanical systems in the field of quantum optics.