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physica status solidi (RRL) - Rapid Research Letters

Topologically Protected Synthesizing of Fock States in a Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics Architecture

Wei Xin, Xiangmin Yu, Kun Zhou, Shaoxiong Li, Yang Yu

Published Mar 16, 2024• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The preparation of Fock states is important for quantum information storage and processing. Herein, a two‐step protocol with topological protection for multi‐photon Fock states synthesizing in a circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED) architecture is presented. Due to photon number‐dependent vacuum Rabi splitting, the dynamics of the Jaynes–Cummings ladder in the resonant regime can be equivalent to a spin‐1/2 chain while a multi‐frequency microwave pulse is applied. Based on the topologically assisted quantum state transfer (QST)technique, multi‐photon Fock states can be conditionally generated. This method significantly reduces the complexity of experimental manipulation compared with previous multi‐step methods and is more robust as a result of topological protection. Furthermore, the protocol indicates that the circuit QED architecture could potentially provide a platform to explore the exotic phase in condensed matter.

DOI
10.1002/pssr.202300478

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Abstract Optimal generation of photon Fock states is of significance to quantum science and technology. Here we develop a theoretical scheme for fast generating microwave photon Fock states in a circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED) via invariant-based shortcuts to adiabaticity. A superconducting transmon qubit is dispersively coupled to a cavity field of transmission line resonator. Two classical drivings are applied to a composite system, consisting of a transmon qubit and cavity field. In the two-photon resonance with a large intermediate-level detuning, a single-photon Fock state can be fast created by inversely engineering Rabi couplings. With the assistance of auxiliary driving, qubit state can be initialized for inducing multi-photon Fock states in the shortcut manner. Due to negligible leakage effects and high robustness, our scheme offers a potential way to rapidly prepare photon Fock states with a superconducting qubit in circuit QED.
Abstract Fast and robust quantum state transfer (QST) is a major requirement in quantum control and in scalable quantum information processing. Topological protection has emerged as a promising route for the realization of QST robust against sizable imperfections in the network. Here, a scheme is presented for robust QST of topologically protected edge states in a dimeric Su–Schrieffer–Heeger spin chain assisted by Landau–Zener tunneling. As compared to topological QST protocols based on Rabi flopping proposed in recent works, the method is more advantageous in terms of robustness against both diagonal and off‐diagonal disorder in the chain, without a substantial increase of the interaction time.
Abstract The topological properties of a circuit‐QED lattice are studied and it is found that the system undergoes a topological phase transition accompanied by the changes of Chern numbers from 2 to −1. For different lattice sizes, the energy eigenvalue spectra and the probability distributions of edge states are shown. Moreover, it is revealed that, depending on the strictly adiabatic evolution of the time‐dependent Hamiltonian, several different topological quantum state transfers between the first two sites and the last two sites can be achieved by employing the topologically protected edge states as the transfer channels. Further, it is demonstrated that, by using resonator‐based input–output process, the photonic topological edge state can be detected by measuring the average photon number in the steady state. The scheme opens up a new prospect for investigating the potential application of topological matter in quantum information processing.
We demonstrate the controllable generation of multi-photon Fock states in circuit quantum electrodynamics (circuit QED). The external bias flux regulated by a counter can effectively adjust the bias time on each superconducting flux qubit so that each flux qubit can pass in turn through the circuit cavity and thereby avoid the effect of decoherence. We further investigate the quantum correlation dynamics of coupling superconducting qubits in a Fock state. The results reveal that the lower the photon number of the light field in the number state, the stronger the interaction between qubits is, then the more beneficial to maintaining entanglement between qubits it will be.
The pumped Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model has been extensively employed for robust quantum state transfer (QST) due to its topologically protected edge channels that exhibit intrinsic resilience against local perturbations. Hybrid quantum systems have garnered significant research interest due to their unique capacity to collect distinct advantageous features that are inherently incompatible within individual physical platforms. Here, we propose a topological QST protocol for microwave (MW)-to-optical photon conversion in a synthesized SSH chain of a hybrid system. The topological structure is constructed by connecting superconducting resonators with optical cavities through interfaces of nitrogen-vacancy center ensembles. More importantly, we shorten the duration threshold of adiabatic evolution through power-law coupling engineering, and provide favorable conditions for high-efficiency MW-to-optical photon conversion, which significantly improves the scalability of the transducer with respect to both the system size and the number of converted photons. This approach paves the way for establishing high-efficiency quantum interfaces between localized MW quantum circuits and optical fiber networks, which is essential for long-distance quantum communication and distributed quantum computing.
Entangled states are self-evidently important to a wide range of applications in quantum communication and quantum information processing. We propose an efficient and convenient two-step protocol for generating Bell states and NOON states of two microwave resonators from merely coherent states. In particular, we derive an effective Hamiltonian for resonators coupled to a superconducting $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$-type qutrit in the dispersive regime. By the excitation-number-dependent Stark shifts of the qutrit transition frequencies, we are able to individually control the amplitudes of specified Fock states of the resonators associated with relevant qutrit transition, using carefully tailored microwave drive signals. Thereby an arbitrary bipartite entangled state in Fock space can be generated by a typical evolution-and-measurement procedure. We analyze the undesired state transitions and the robustness of our protocol against the systematic errors from the microwave driving intensity and frequency, the quantum decoherence of all components, and the crosstalk of two resonators. In addition, we demonstrate that our protocol can be extended to a similar scenario with a $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Xi}}$-type qutrit.