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High-Power Diode Laser Technology

High power diode lasers for quantum technologies

Alexander Bachmann, M. v. Sivers, Christian Nölleke, Matthias Scholz, Dennis Krug, Björn Globisch, R. Häring, Wilhelm G. Kaenders

Published Mar 12, 2024• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We will present our latest innovations on high-power diode lasers and discuss their application in quantum technologies. We show that these laser sources are key not only to explore the magic world of quantum physics, but also to drive the commercialization of exciting new applications coming along with the second quantum revolution, such as quantum computers, -sensing, -metrology and optical clocks. Compared to other laser sources such as gas- or solid-state lasers, diode lasers offer key advantages for these applications, e.g. their compactness, low weight, low energy consumption and low cost of ownership.

DOI
10.1117/12.3008307

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We will present our latest innovations on high-power diode lasers and discuss their application in quantum technologies. We show that these laser sources are key not only to explore the magic world of quantum physics, but also to drive the commercialization of exciting new applications coming along with the second quantum revolution, such as quantum computers, -sensing, -metrology and optical clocks. Compared to other laser sources such as gas- or solid-state lasers, diode lasers offer key advantages for these applications, e.g. their compactness, low weight, low energy consumption and low cost of ownership.
The second quantum revolution, Quantum 2.0, is fueled by recent progress in generating and manipulating quantum states in both light and matter, leading to new applications such as quantum sensing, computing, and communications. These new applications, which leverage unique quantum properties, such as superposition, entanglement, and measurement sensitivity of quantum states to offer fundamental advantages over classical technologies, are in principle enabled by the Quantum 1.0 technologies such as lasers. As quantum information science and technology progresses steadily from a purely academic discipline towards technology demonstrations, the imperative to transition from laboratory-grade lasers to industry-grade lasers becomes evident in the quest for scalability, robustness, improved performance, and often, reduced SWaP (Size, Weight, and Power) for field deployability. This paper provides an overview of the current state and challenges of laser-enabled quantum applications and outlines the advancements in laser technologies from macro-optics to micro-optics to integrated photonics with their prospects towards the practical realization of quantum advantage.
Laser sources, since their invention, have proved to be the right solution in practically all conceived applications. Recently, the so-called second quantum revolution and quantum technologies like sensing, computing, simulation or communication are triggering a new generation of sub-classical sources to tackle such novel and challenging applications. First concepts and experimental results aimed to endow quantum cascade lasers and other infrared sources with truly quantum properties will be shown.
Abstract Many of the new generation of quantum technologies rely on the precise control of light. Quantum information is carried by photons, and lasers are used to manipulate matter in quantum computers, sensors, cameras, clocks and cryptography. This has become possible through the ability to generate and work with very pure light, with precise frequencies and low phase noise, thanks to advanced laser systems. The field is now being driven in two directions – towards higher power with low noise to enable full‐scale quantum computers, and towards miniature, low cost systems for commercial clocks and sensors.
There are signs that we are approaching a technical revolution that might take humankind’s computational capabilities to a new level. Quantum Computing leverages the principles of quantum mechanics, enabling the computational power to solve specific problems currently intractable for classical computers (e.g., cracking cryptographic keys). Since we are getting to a point where we can no longer build smaller, more powerful, more efficient devices with conventional methodologies, we need to think of new ways for technological progress. The manufacturing of microchips is reaching its limits in the use of traditional architectures. Hence, new and more advanced technologies need to address the challenges of increasing energy consumption and data processing. Connectivity, scalable architectures and concepts like Cloud Computing and Software-as-a-Service have already helped to scale computational-intense applications in the last years and have attracted the interest of IS researchers (e.g., Benlian et al. 2009 ; Benlian et al. 2018 ; Messerschmidt and Hinz 2013 ). Looking ahead to the next generation, computing will comprise technologies that enable high-performance applications far beyond today’s possibilities. One prominent example with a disruptive potential is Quantum Computing. While there are abundant open questions and directions for further developments, researchers in this area have made substantial progress in the last decade, indicating that, after medical imaging, lasers, and superconductors, another quantum-technological innovation might be approaching. We, therefore, intend to provide an overview of the current state of Quantum Computing research and outline how this new technology might stimulate research in Information Systems.
We have designed and completed initial testing on a laser source suitable for atomic interferometry from compact, robust, integrated components. Our design is enabled by capitalizing on robust, well-commercialized, low-noise telecom components with high reliability and declining costs which will help to drive the widespread deployment of this system. The key innovation is the combination of current telecom-based fiber laser and modulator technology with periodicallypoled waveguide technology to produce tunable laser light at rubidium D1 and D2 wavelengths (and expandable to other alkalis) using second harmonic generation (SHG). Unlike direct-diode sources, this source is immune to feedback at the Rb line eliminating the need for bulky high-power isolators in the system. In addition, the source has GHz-level frequency agility and in our experiments was found to only be limited by the agility of our RF generator. As a proof-of principle, the source was scanned through the Doppler-broadened Rb D2 absorption line. With this technology, multiple channels can be independently tuned to produce the fields needed for addressing atomic states in atom interferometers and clocks. Thus, this technology could be useful in the development cold-atom inertial sensors and gyroscopes.