Quantum Key Distribution in Internet of Things

A. Srikrishnan, Arun Raaza, Ebenezer Abishek B

Prem Narayan Singh, Preeti Rani, Swati Chauhan +3 more

Xiangyu Meng, Xiaosong Yu, Wenzheng Chen +2 more

With the advent of smart homes, smart cities, and smart everything, the Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as an area of incredible impact, potential, and growth. Internet of Things date security remain a major challenge, in the current Internet of Things systems, a relatively easy method of data encryption is used to ensure the security of data transmission, which is commonly called lightweight cryptography. However, such method is at the risk of being cracked by quantum computers, which will contribute to many challenges specially related to privacy and security in IoT. As a result, the architecture of IoT needs to be re-designed considering the security challenges brought by quantum computers. On the other hand, Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) allows two users to share unconditionally secure keys. Unlike classical cryptosystems, the security of QKD is based on the fundamentals of quantum mechanics. This security of QKD is independent of computational complexity and will not be affected, no matter how much computing power the adversary has. This paper introduces a quantum key distribution enhanced Internet of Things architecture and proposes a residual-adaptive key provisioning scheme, which is evaluated in terms of key distribution success rate in the simulation.

A. Beatrice Dorothy, Sanjeev Kumar

Hasan Abbas Al-Mohammed, Afnan Al-Ali, Elias E. Yaacoub +2 more

Internet of Things (IoT) deployments face significant security challenges due to the limited energy and computational power of IoT devices. These challenges are more serious in the quantum communications era, where certain attackers might have quantum computing capabilities, which renders IoT devices more vulnerable. This paper addresses the problem of IoT security by investigating quantum key distribution (QKD) in beyond 5G networks. An architecture for implementing QKD in beyond 5G IoT networks is proposed, offloading the heavy computational tasks to IoT controllers, while considering the use case of sensors deployed in railroad networks. Neural Network (NN) techniques are proposed in order to detect the presence of an attacker during QKD without the need to disrupt the key distribution process. The results show that the proposed techniques can reach 99% accuracy.

Thu Anh Thi Pham, Ngoc The Dang

This paper aims to take a new look at a novel security solution for 5G-based Internet of things (IoT) networks using quantum key distribution (QKD). Quantum keys are created and sent from a key distribution server to IoT gateways thanks to radio-over-fiber (RoF) systems. More specifically, the raw key is encoded into the intensity of radio-frequency subcarrier before being sent to the gNB by optical fiber. It is then wirelessly forwarded to IoT gateways through radio frequency links. The major findings of the study reveal that the proposed system is an effective approach in order to distribute the quantum key with low quantum bit error rate and high secret key rate for 5G-based IoT networks.