Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Frontiers of Physics

Cavity-enhanced metrology in an atomic spin-1 Bose–Einstein condensate

Renfei Zheng, Jieli Qin, Bing Chen, Xing-Dong Zhao, Lu Zhou

Published Jan 2, 2024• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Atom interferometer has been proven to be a powerful tool for precision metrology. Here we propose a cavity-aided nonlinear atom interferometer, based on the quasi-periodic spin mixing dynamics of an atomic spin-1 Bose–Einstein condensate trapped in an optical cavity. We unravel that the phase sensitivity can be greatly enhanced with the cavity-mediated nonlinear interaction. The influence of encoding phase, splitting time and recombining time on phase sensitivity are carefully studied. In addition, we demonstrate a dynamical phase transition in the system. Around the criticality, a small cavity light field variation can arouse a strong response of the atomic condensate, which can serve as a new resource for enhanced sensing. This work provides a robust protocol for cavity-enhanced metrology.

DOI
10.1007/s11467-023-1372-5

Related papers

Improving metrology with quantum scrambling in a spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate coupled to a cavity

Renfei Zheng, Jieli Qin, Bing Chen +2 more

Spinor Bose-Einstein condensate is an ideal candidate for implementing the many-body entanglement, quantum measurement and quantum information processing owing to its inherent spin-mixing dynamics. Here we present a system of an 87 Rb atomic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate coupled to an optical ring cavity, in which cavity-mediated nonlinear interactions give rise to saddle points in the semiclassical phase space, providing a general mechanism for exponential fast scrambling and metrological gain augment. We theoretically study metrological gain and fidelity out-of-time-ordered correlator based on time-reversal protocols and demonstrate that exponential rapid scrambling dynamics can enhance quantum metrology. In addition, we use the out-of-time-ordered correlator to probe dynamical phase transitions. This work is useful to understand the intrinsic relation between the concepts from different subfields of quantum science.

Optics Express•Jun 19, 2024•1 citation

Spin dynamics and domain formation of a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate in an optical cavity

Lu Zhou, Han Pu, Hong Yuan Ling +2 more

We consider a ferromagnetic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) dispersively coupled to a unidirectional ring cavity. We show that the ability of the cavity to modify, in a highly nonlinear fashion, matter-wave phase shifts adds an additional dimension to the study of spinor condensates. In addition to demonstrating strong matter-wave bistability as in our earlier publication [L. Zhou et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 160403 (2009)], we show that the interplay between atomic and cavity fields can greatly enrich both the physics of critical slowing down in spin-mixing dynamics and the physics of spin-domain formation in spinor condensates.

arXiv:1005.4121•Physical Review A•Jun 30, 2010•33 citations

Performance of a nonlinear atom interferometer integrated on a chip

Antonio Negretti

We study the dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates in time-dependent microtraps in view of applications in atom interferometry. The scheme is based on the slow splitting and recombination of an elongated harmonic trap. It is shown that the nonlinearity due to the mean field atom-atom interaction increases the sensitivity of the interferometers to an applied phase shift. This feature is connected with the adiabatic generation of a dark soliton. The soliton typically oscillates in the recombined trap, and its amplitude provides an alternative readout of the interferometer phase. We analyse the robustness of this phenomenon with respect to thermal fluctuations, due to (i) initially excited Bogoliubov modes and (ii) magnetic near fields in an electromagnetic surface trap.

European Quantum Electronics Conference (EQEC)•Jan 18, 2006•0 citations

Lattice-Trapped Atom Interferometry with a Bose-Einstein condensate: Observation and Control of Interactions

Emmett Hough, Tahiyat Rahman, Forest Tschirhart +1 more

Precision interferometry with atomic wavepackets confined in a one-dimensional optical lattice is an emergent paradigm in quantum sensing of forces and fields, with applications in gravimetry, accelerometry, geophysics, and fundamental physics tests. We report on the realization of a lattice-trapped interferometer where the two arms are sourced from a weakly-interacting ytterbium Bose-Einstein condensate, coherently split and trapped by pulsed optical standing waves before recombination. We directly observe atomic interactions through contrast changes and phase shifts of the interferometer. By changing either the atom number or the sample volume to vary the density, we demonstrate control over interactions and optimize interferometer performance. Our observations are effectively captured by a mean-field theoretical model of the system. This work experimentally probes the boundary where improved performance from source brightening through higher phase space density transitions into a regime beyond single-atom physics in lattice-trapped atom interferometry, and opens a door to incorporating many-body effects for metrological advances in such platforms.

cond-mat.quant-gasCross-listedarXiv:2605.27777•May 28, 2026•0 citations

Nonlinear Bragg interferometer with a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate

Robin Corgier, Luca Pezzè, Augusto Smerzi

We propose a scheme for trapped-atom interferometry using an interacting Bose-Einstein condensate. The condensate is controlled and spatially split into two confined external momentum modes through a series of Bragg pulses. The proposed scheme (i) allows the generation of large entanglement in a trapped-interferometer configuration via one-axis twisting dynamics induced by interatomic interaction and (ii) avoids the suppression of interactions during the interferometer sequence by a careful manipulation of the state before and after phase encoding. The interferometer can be used for the measurement of gravity with a sensitivity beyond the standard quantum limit.

arXiv:2012.05792•Physical Review A•Jun 9, 2021•7 citations

Enhanced phase sensitivity and soliton formation in an integrated BEC interferometer

Antonio Negretti, Carsten Henkel

We study the dynamics of Bose–Einstein condensates in time-dependent microtraps for the purpose of understanding the influence of the mean field interaction on the performance of interferometers. We identify conditions where the nonlinearity due to atom interactions increases the sensitivity of interferometers to a phase shift. This feature is connected with the adiabatic generation of a dark soliton. We analyse the robustness of this phenomenon with respect to thermal fluctuations, due to excited near fields in an electromagnetic surface trap.

arXiv:0803.3588•Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•Nov 23, 2004•51 citations
Atom interferometer has been proven to be a powerful tool for precision metrology. Here we propose a cavity-aided nonlinear atom interferometer, based on the quasi-periodic spin mixing dynamics of an atomic spin-1 Bose–Einstein condensate trapped in an optical cavity. We unravel that the phase sensitivity can be greatly enhanced with the cavity-mediated nonlinear interaction. The influence of encoding phase, splitting time and recombining time on phase sensitivity are carefully studied. In addition, we demonstrate a dynamical phase transition in the system. Around the criticality, a small cavity light field variation can arouse a strong response of the atomic condensate, which can serve as a new resource for enhanced sensing. This work provides a robust protocol for cavity-enhanced metrology.
Spinor Bose-Einstein condensate is an ideal candidate for implementing the many-body entanglement, quantum measurement and quantum information processing owing to its inherent spin-mixing dynamics. Here we present a system of an 87 Rb atomic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate coupled to an optical ring cavity, in which cavity-mediated nonlinear interactions give rise to saddle points in the semiclassical phase space, providing a general mechanism for exponential fast scrambling and metrological gain augment. We theoretically study metrological gain and fidelity out-of-time-ordered correlator based on time-reversal protocols and demonstrate that exponential rapid scrambling dynamics can enhance quantum metrology. In addition, we use the out-of-time-ordered correlator to probe dynamical phase transitions. This work is useful to understand the intrinsic relation between the concepts from different subfields of quantum science.
We consider a ferromagnetic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) dispersively coupled to a unidirectional ring cavity. We show that the ability of the cavity to modify, in a highly nonlinear fashion, matter-wave phase shifts adds an additional dimension to the study of spinor condensates. In addition to demonstrating strong matter-wave bistability as in our earlier publication [L. Zhou et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 160403 (2009)], we show that the interplay between atomic and cavity fields can greatly enrich both the physics of critical slowing down in spin-mixing dynamics and the physics of spin-domain formation in spinor condensates.
We study the dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates in time-dependent microtraps in view of applications in atom interferometry. The scheme is based on the slow splitting and recombination of an elongated harmonic trap. It is shown that the nonlinearity due to the mean field atom-atom interaction increases the sensitivity of the interferometers to an applied phase shift. This feature is connected with the adiabatic generation of a dark soliton. The soliton typically oscillates in the recombined trap, and its amplitude provides an alternative readout of the interferometer phase. We analyse the robustness of this phenomenon with respect to thermal fluctuations, due to (i) initially excited Bogoliubov modes and (ii) magnetic near fields in an electromagnetic surface trap.
Precision interferometry with atomic wavepackets confined in a one-dimensional optical lattice is an emergent paradigm in quantum sensing of forces and fields, with applications in gravimetry, accelerometry, geophysics, and fundamental physics tests. We report on the realization of a lattice-trapped interferometer where the two arms are sourced from a weakly-interacting ytterbium Bose-Einstein condensate, coherently split and trapped by pulsed optical standing waves before recombination. We directly observe atomic interactions through contrast changes and phase shifts of the interferometer. By changing either the atom number or the sample volume to vary the density, we demonstrate control over interactions and optimize interferometer performance. Our observations are effectively captured by a mean-field theoretical model of the system. This work experimentally probes the boundary where improved performance from source brightening through higher phase space density transitions into a regime beyond single-atom physics in lattice-trapped atom interferometry, and opens a door to incorporating many-body effects for metrological advances in such platforms.
We propose a scheme for trapped-atom interferometry using an interacting Bose-Einstein condensate. The condensate is controlled and spatially split into two confined external momentum modes through a series of Bragg pulses. The proposed scheme (i) allows the generation of large entanglement in a trapped-interferometer configuration via one-axis twisting dynamics induced by interatomic interaction and (ii) avoids the suppression of interactions during the interferometer sequence by a careful manipulation of the state before and after phase encoding. The interferometer can be used for the measurement of gravity with a sensitivity beyond the standard quantum limit.
We study the dynamics of Bose–Einstein condensates in time-dependent microtraps for the purpose of understanding the influence of the mean field interaction on the performance of interferometers. We identify conditions where the nonlinearity due to atom interactions increases the sensitivity of interferometers to a phase shift. This feature is connected with the adiabatic generation of a dark soliton. We analyse the robustness of this phenomenon with respect to thermal fluctuations, due to excited near fields in an electromagnetic surface trap.