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Frontiers in Optics

Single-sided cavity quantum electrodynamics effects on an optical nanofiber

Ramachandrarao Yalla, K. Muhammed Shafi, K. P. Nayak

Published Jan 1, 2023• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present the single-sided cavity-QED effects for single quantum emitters by combining an asymmetric defect mode grating with an optical nanofiber (ONF). We demonstrate significantly enhanced spontaneous emission into one side of the ONF.
DOI
10.1364/fio.2023.jm7a.75

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We demonstrate a one-sided cavity on an optical nanofiber (ONF) using a composite method. The one-sided composite cavity is created by mounting an asymmetric defect mode grating on an ONF. We design the one-sided composite cavity on an ONF to enhance channeling efficiency into one side of ONF while operating from under- to critical- and over-coupling regimes using numerical simulations. Experimentally, we demonstrate coupling characteristics of the one-sided composite cavity, showing good correspondence with simulation results.
We propose a single-sided optical nanofiber cavity (SSONFC) to facilitate cavity quantum electrodynamics (cQED). The structure is designed and analyzed throughs finite-difference time-domain simulations. A systematic evaluation of the cavity properties and spontaneous emission characteristics has been conducted. Our findings demonstrate that this design significantly enhances the spontaneous emission rate of a single quantum emitter (SQE). A Purcell factor of ∼22\sim 22∼22 and a maximum unidirectional single-photon coupling efficiency of around 72%72 \%72% into the ONF’s guided mode can be achieved when an SQE is positioned on the SSONFC surface. Additionally, a high scattering limited quality factor (Q∼2510Q \sim 2510Q∼2510) is obtained for the fundamental cavity mode. The structure’s dimensions can be adjusted to accommodate different SQE emission wavelengths, making it a versatile solution. This fiberintegrated single-photon device holds potential for applications in quantum phase switches, and single-photon transistors.
We demonstrate cavity QED conditions in the Purcell regime for single quantum emitters on the surface of an optical nanofiber. The cavity is formed by combining an optical nanofiber and a nanofabricated grating to create a composite photonic crystal cavity. By using this technique, significant enhancement of the spontaneous emission rate into the nanofiber guided modes is observed for single quantum dots. Our results pave the way for enhanced on-fiber light-matter interfaces with clear applications to quantum networks.
We present a novel approach to enhance the spontaneous emission rate of single quantum emitters in an optical nanofiber-based cavity by introducing a narrow air-filled groove into the cavity. Our results show that the Purcell factor for single quantum emitters inside the groove of the nanofiber-based cavity can be at least six times greater than for such an emitter on the fiber surface when using an optimized cavity mode and groove width. Moreover, the coupling efficiency of single quantum emitters into the guided mode of this nanofiber-based cavity can reach up to ∼80% with only 35 cavity-grating periods. This new system has the potential to act as an all-fiber platform to realize efficient coupling of photons from single emitters into an optical fiber for quantum information applications.