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Acta Sinica Quantum Optica

具有三体相互作用自旋链的量子相干与量子纠缠

杨晶 Jing YANG, 黄燕霞 Yan-xia HUANG

Published Jan 1, 2023• 1 citation

Abstract

本文研究了具有两种三体相互作用的海森堡XXZ自旋链的量子相干与量子纠缠的特性。研究发现, 量子相干性不会出现突然死亡现象且非零量子相干性存在的温度范围大于量子纠缠存在的温度范围, 说明量子相干性相对于量子纠缠, 具有更强的鲁棒性。在量子临界环境中, 量子相干性可以表征本模型的量子相变现象。在铁磁情形中, 无论外磁场是否为0, 单独调控XZX+YZY三体相互作用对于减缓量子相干性的衰减速率与增大量子相干性存在的温度范围效果最好。在反铁磁情形中, 外磁场为0时, XZX+YZY与XZY-YZX两种三体相互作用的协同作用可以显著增加量子相干性的最大值, 并明显减缓其衰减速率。在铁磁情形与反铁磁情形中都发现当外磁场B<0时, 量子相干性存在的温度范围更大, 更有利于保存量子相干性。

DOI: 10.3788/jqo20232901.0102

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通过X射线与物质的相互作用理论模型，研究了在电磁屏蔽环境下X射线的透过率和通信性能，理论上证明了X射线通信用于电磁屏蔽环境中信息传输的可行性。建立屏蔽环境下X射线通信的数值仿真模型，分析了X射线在电磁屏蔽环境下的通信参数，实现了对核心元器件的指标约束。最后，基于X射线调制发射、单光子X射线探测关键技术，搭建模拟电磁屏蔽环境下的X射线通信演示验证系统，进行X射线穿透屏蔽材料的等效模拟实验，实现了通信速率优于23 kbps的X射线通信实验验证。该结果有望为解决屏蔽环境下的辐射数据传输提供一定的理论依据和实验基础。

Pairwise quantum discord (QD) and entanglement of the three-qubit XXZ Heisenberg spin chain with two types of three-site interactions and an external magnetic field are investigated. Our study found that both entanglement and quantum discord could detect the quantum critical phenomena of this model. We were able to obtain a nonzero value of quantum discord even at high temperature with the increase of XZX[Formula: see text]YZY or XZY[Formula: see text]YZX three-site interaction, however, the cooperative effect of XZX[Formula: see text]YZY and XZY[Formula: see text]YZX interactions is more ideal. Furthermore, in contrast to XZY[Formula: see text]YZX and XZX[Formula: see text]YZY interactions, the cooperative effect of XZX[Formula: see text]YZY and XZY[Formula: see text]YZX three-site interactions is more efficient to enhance the maximum value of quantum discord. Likewise, the cooperative effect of XZX[Formula: see text]YZY and XZY[Formula: see text]YZX interactions is the most optimal to increase the range of magnetic field or anisotropy parameter where quantum discord maintains the maximum value.

In recent years, the property of nonequilibrium thermodynamics in closed system, especially in spin chain system undergoing a quenching process, has become one of the hot topics in the quantum thermodynamics. The nonequilibrium thermodynamic properties of XY spin chain with XZX + YZY type of three-site interaction under a transverse field are studied by considering an exactly solvable model. First we review some basic concepts, i.e., the work distribution, the averaged work, the fluctuation of work, and the irreversible entropy in the nonequilibrium thermodynamics, and give the theoretical model and its solutions. Then, we concretely discuss the effects of the three-site interaction of XZX + YZY type on the average work, the fluctuation of work and the irreversible entropy in the extended XY chain undergoing a quench process. The theoretical calculation and numerical simulation show that the three-site interaction of XZX + YZY type may play a positive and negative role in the increase of the averaged work, which depends on the strength of initial external magnetic field. Moreover, we also find that work fluctuation can be effectively suppressed by adjusting the intensity of XZX + YZY three-site interaction. Finally, it is found that the irreversible entropy production presents a sharp peak characteristic near the critical magnetic field, and the value of the peak sharp decreases with the increase of XZX + YZY three-site interaction. Simultaneously, the corresponding physical explanations are also given. In a word, the results given in present paper may increasingly arouse one’s interest in the nonequilibrium quantum thermodynamics.