Information systems and technologies for managing socio-economic processes in sectors of the economy : Collective monograph. Riga, Latvia : Baltija Publishing, 2023. 276 p. The monograph reveals the theoretical, methodological and applied aspects of managing socio-economic processes in the sectors of the economy. It studies theoretical and methodological approaches to the formation and optimisation of economic processes on the following issues: use of information systems and IT technologies in the system of accounting and analytical support of enterprise management, improvement of economic processes in the sectors of economy, computer modelling of socio-economic processes in the context of global informatisation. The scientific positions, conclusions and recommendations presented have a sufficiently high degree of validity, since they are based on the processing of a wide range of general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge.
Information systems and technologies for managing socio-economic processes in sectors of the economy : Collective monograph. Riga, Latvia : Baltija Publishing, 2023. 276 p. The monograph reveals the theoretical, methodological and applied aspects of managing socio-economic processes in the sectors of the economy. It studies theoretical and methodological approaches to the formation and optimisation of economic processes on the following issues: use of information systems and IT technologies in the system of accounting and analytical support of enterprise management, improvement of economic processes in the sectors of economy, computer modelling of socio-economic processes in the context of global informatisation. The scientific positions, conclusions and recommendations presented have a sufficiently high degree of validity, since they are based on the processing of a wide range of general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge.
Since the beginning of the 21st century, a new interdisciplinary research movement has started, which aims at developing quantum math-like (or simply quantum-like) models to provide an explanation for a variety of socio-economic processes and human behaviour. By making use of mainly the probabilistic aspects of quantum theory, this research movement has led to many important results in the areas of decision-making and finance. In this article, we introduce a novel and more exhaustive approach, to analyze the socio-economic processes and activities, than the pure quantum math-like modelling approach, by taking into account the physical foundations of quantum theory. We also provide a plausibility argument for its exhaustiveness in terms of what we can expect from such an approach, when it is applied to, for example, a generic socio-economic decision process.
Abstract Since Adam Smith, economics has erected a grand edifice upon the foundations of rational agents, equilibrium analysis, and linear causality; however, the 2008 global financial crisis, the European sovereign debt crisis, and the COVID-19 pandemic have successively revealed its fundamental limitations when confronted with complex economic phenomena: bubbles that ought not to have existed, crises unforeseen by equilibrium models, non-linear ruptures brought about by technological revolutions, and self-fulfilling expectations—all of which call for a richer theoretical language. This book serves as the foundational introduction to the "Quantum Economics Textbook Series," as well as the first gateway into this entire series. It introduces the methodological framework, mathematical apparatus, and philosophical insights of quantum mechanics to economic analysis, grounding its approach in the core proposition of a practical ontology—that human economic practice itself possesses quantum attributes such as superposition, entanglement, constructibility, uncertainty, and emergence—thereby reconstructing the economic world as a quantum process of superposition and evolution. Six core concepts—superposition, entanglement, measurement collapse, the uncertainty principle, quantum transitions, and emergence—run throughout the work. Quantum economics does not represent a simple negation of classical theory; rather, it constitutes a dialectical sublation: under the classical limit—where decoherence is complete, the measurement basis is fixed, and entanglement vanishes—quantum theory precisely reduces to classical theory. This book comprises five parts and thirty chapters: Part I establishes the paradigm shift and theoretical framework, covering critiques of Newton's worldview, the quantum worldview, a foundational conceptual framework, mathematical foundations, and research methodologies; Part II reconstructs quantum microeconomic theory, encompassing consumers, producers, pricing, markets, the wave-particle duality of markets, quantum games, and welfare economics; Part III builds quantum macroeconomic theory, addressing national income accounting, money, inflation, economic cycles, policy, and open economies; Part IV explores quantum finance and market dynamics, including asset pricing, portfolio management, market sentiment, risk management, and trading theory; Part V extends the scope to organizations, innovation, institutions, development, economic ethics, and the digital economy, while offering insights into the future of this discipline. This volume is intended for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as researchers in economics and related fields, and serves as the essential first volume in the quantum economics series.
Quantum economics is an interdisciplinary field that combines the principles of quantum mechanics and economic theories. The research examines the main theoretical and practical aspects of quantum economics, starting with its theoretical foundations based on the principles of quantum mechanics, such as superposition, uncertainty and entanglement, and ending with practical applications and perspectives for further research. Special attention was paid to the potential impact of quantum technologies on finance, marketing, supply chain management, as well as on macroeconomic planning and policy. It discusses how quantum algorithms can transform traditional approaches in economic research and practice, providing new methods for analyzing complex data, improving forecasting of economic trends, and optimizing decisions under uncertainty. Quantum economics opens up new perspectives for understanding dynamic and interconnected processes in the global economy, which can fundamentally change our perception of economic laws and strategies. It is emphasized that the quantum economy is at the initial stage of its development, and scientists and practitioners face many challenges and questions that need to be solved. In the future, we can expect the development of new tools for economic analysis and decisionmaking based on quantum computing, which will allow us to cope with current and future economic challenges more effectively. The quantum economy can also offer new approaches to risk management and financial security, especially in light of growing cyber threats and the need to protect economic information. Quantum economics is an exciting and promising direction that can significantly enrich both theoretical and applied aspects of economic science.
The basic concepts of classical probability, negative probability, fuzzy sets are considered with appropriate analogies of the quantum mechanical approach to create mathematical models for describing social phenomena. It also briefly describes the features of the application of the theory of intentionality, which uses the concept of institutionality for social phenomena. At the same time, institutionality is understood as a property of consciousness directed at objects and states of affairs in the real world. The concept of collective institutionality is singled out, which forms social facts arising from the collective impact of members of society. The concept of status is given, which denotes a set of characteristic values of a subject or object that determine its position in the system. The features and scope for fuzzy models are described, which are used for the mathematical description of linguistic terms and intentionality in estimating the probabilities of events in fuzzy set theory. In addition, the concept of negative probability and the possibility of using it to describe social events are described. The following is an example illustrating the concept of a complex-valued function and its use to measure the characteristics of socio-economic processes. In conclusion, the concept of status functions is introduced for comparison with membership functions and wave functions.
It is proposed to use quantum-like models with the use of status functions for mathematical modeling and subsequent analysis of complex socio-economic systems. The limitations of the methods of classical probability theory and mathematical statistics, as well as the theory of fuzzy sets, algorithms Mamdani, Suzuki and others for solving similar problems are described. A description of the main assumptions that are used in the mathematical modeling of socio-economic objects based on status functions is given. Examples are considered that describe the features of transition paths through intermediate states. An operator for the transition of a socio-economic system to various states, similar to the Hamiltonian, is presented. A spectrum of possible virtual trajectories is introduced to describe transitions to different states. A mathematical model based on status functions is proposed to describe the transition of the system to a measurable state. In the proposed Hamiltonian, the first term represents a subsystem of indica-tors, the second is an analog of the energy of indicators in the information environment. At the same time, terms are distinguished that are analogues of the energies of the system of two controlled indica-tors: interaction, kinetic and potential. The description of the results of mathematical modeling and the analysis of the interaction of two hypothetical indicators of the socio-economic system are given. The indicators are taken from the statistics of innovation indicators of one of the regions of the Russian Federation.
Computer science and computer engineering are disciplines that have very definitely permeated and transformed every aspect of modern society. In these fields, cutting-edge research is about new models of computation, new materials and techniques for building computer hardware and novel methods for speeding-up algorithms. But it is also about building bridges between computer science and various other scientific fields, bridges that allow scientists to both think of natural phenomena as computational procedures and to employ novel models of computation to simulate natural processes (for example, quantum walks have been used to model energy transport in photosynthetic light harvesting complexes (Hoyer et al. 2010; Caruso et al. 2010)). A convergence of scientific, technological, economic and epistemological demands is driving and integrating this research.