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IEEE Internet of Things Journal

Secrecy Outage Probability of Multiple-Input–Multiple-Output Secure Internet of Things Communication Systems

Jianchao Zheng, Qi Zhang

Published Oct 17, 2023• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) scheme enhances the capacity and reliability of secure Internet of Things (IoT) communication systems. In this article, an MIMO secure IoT communication system which includes a multiantenna transmitter, a multiantenna legitimate receiver, and a multiantenna eavesdropper is investigated. Considering that the transmitter and receiver are deterministic whereas the eavesdropper is either deterministic or randomly distributed, we theoretically derive the secrecy outage probabilities (SOPs) in independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) as well as full-correlated Rayleigh fading channels. The i.i.d. or full-correlated Wishart matrices are introduced to express the mutual information rates from the transmitter to the legitimate receiver and eavesdropper. By analyzing the joint probability density functions of unordered eigenvalues of Wishart matrices, we obtain the moment generating functions (MGFs) of mutual information rates. Employing inverse Laplace transforms of the MGFs, the SOPs are obtained. Simulation results show the close agreement between the simulated and analytical results.

DOI
10.1109/jiot.2023.3325247

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The multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) scheme enhances the capacity and reliability of secure Internet of Things (IoT) communication systems. In this article, an MIMO secure IoT communication system which includes a multiantenna transmitter, a multiantenna legitimate receiver, and a multiantenna eavesdropper is investigated. Considering that the transmitter and receiver are deterministic whereas the eavesdropper is either deterministic or randomly distributed, we theoretically derive the secrecy outage probabilities (SOPs) in independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) as well as full-correlated Rayleigh fading channels. The i.i.d. or full-correlated Wishart matrices are introduced to express the mutual information rates from the transmitter to the legitimate receiver and eavesdropper. By analyzing the joint probability density functions of unordered eigenvalues of Wishart matrices, we obtain the moment generating functions (MGFs) of mutual information rates. Employing inverse Laplace transforms of the MGFs, the SOPs are obtained. Simulation results show the close agreement between the simulated and analytical results.
We consider a single-input multiple-output (SIMO) Rayleigh fading broadcast channel, where the transmitter sends some confidential information to one user which is a legitimate receiver in the presence of multiple eavesdroppers. The eavesdroppers are mutually independent and perfect secrecy is achieved when the transmitter and the legitimate receiver can communicate at some positive rate, while insuring that each eavesdropper gets zero bits of information. Here, we find the probability of non-zero secrecy mutual information and secure outage probability to investigate the outage behavior of proposed model. We also present a formulation of ergodic secrecy mutual information in the presence of multiple eavesdroppers.
With the great-leap-forward development of Internet of Things (IoT), it is extremely important to study secure wireless transmission for IoT systems. A cooperative jamming (CJ) strategy has been extensively studied to enhance physical layer security in IoT systems. However, CJ's secrecy performance has not been well studied in the scenario of collusive eavesdroppers. In this paper, we propose a CJ scheme for IoT systems to fight against multiple passive and collusive eavesdroppers of unknown channel state information. Considering nodes with multi-antenna in an IoT system, we design beamforming vectors to maximize signal-to- interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of the wireless link from a controller (transmitter) to an actuator (receiver). Under the worst-case assumption that eavesdroppers can aggregate all signals to enhance their eavesdropping abilities, we derive the closed- form expressions of the secrecy outage probability (SOP) with and without CJ. In addition, we employ a strict mathematical asymptotic analysis to provide insights into the effects of various system parameters on the SOP. Numerical results verify that the CJ scheme can effectively prevent eavesdropping and the effects of system parameters on SOP is consistent with theoretical analytical results.
With the increasing demand for security in many sectors, such as defense and health systems, developing secure Internet of Things (IoT) networks is a matter of great urgency. Looking at a potential solution for secure IoT systems, we investigate the physical layer security of cooperative nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems. After decoding information signal, the idea that a strong IoT node can serve as a relay node for other weak IoT nodes in enhancing their signal reception reliability, is known as cooperative NOMA. We consider both single-antenna and multiantenna aided transmission scenarios, where the base station (BS) communicates with two IoT nodes of different strengths. In the multiantenna scenario, artificial noise (AN) is generated at the BS and the strong IoT node for improving the security of the system. In order to characterize the secrecy performance, we derive new exact expressions of the security outage probability for both the IoT nodes under both the single-antenna and multiantenna aided scenarios. For the single-antenna scenario, we show that the power optimization at the BS and the strong IoT node can enhance the secrecy performance to some extent. For this case, we further study the secrecy diversity order of the overall system, which is mainly determined by the IoT node with the worse channel condition. For the multiantenna scenario, we derive the asymptotic secrecy outage probability (SOP) when the number of antennas tends to infinity. Extensive simulations have been conducted to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed analytical derivations. The presented results verify that the security performance of the cooperative NOMA-based IoT network can be improved through an appropriate power control scheme and by generating AN at the BS and the strong IoT node. The simulation results further illustrate that the asymptotic SOP is close to the exact one.
In this paper, we consider a non-identically independently distributed (non-i.i.d.) Hoyt fading single-input multiple-out put (SIMO) channel, where the transmitter sends some confidential information to the legitimate receiver in presence of an eavesdropper. We formulated the probability of non-zero secrecy mutual information; secure outage probability and average secrecy mutual information (SMI) for the SIMO wireless communication system. The calculation has been carried out using small limit argument approximation (SLAA) on zeroth-order modified Bessel function of first kind. In our proposed model, an eavesdropper observes transmissions of information through another Hoyt fading channel. First, we derived the analytical expression for non-zero secrecy mutual information. Then, we find the secure outage probability to investigate the outage behavior of the proposed model. Finally, we find the average secrecy mutual information. We consider that the channel state information (CSI) is known to legitimate receiver.
In this paper, a Gaussian multiple input multiple output multiple eavesdropper (MIMOME) channel is considered where a transmitter communicates to a receiver in the presence of an eavesdropper. We present a technique for determining the secrecy capacity of the multiple input multiple output (MIMO) channel under Gaussian noise. We transform the degraded MIMOME channel into multiple single input multiple output (SIMO) Gaussian wire-tap channels and then use scalar approach to convert it into two equivalent multiple input single output (MISO) channels. The secrecy capacity model is then developed for the condition where the channel state information (CSI) for main channel only is known to the transmitter. The results show that the secret communication is possible when the eavesdropper channel noise is greater than a cutoff noise level. The outage probability is also analyzed of secrecy capacity is also analyzed. The effect of fading and outage probability is also analyzed.
In this article, we consider physical-layer security (PLS) of the Internet-of-Things (IoT) communications based on hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) protocols in multiple-input single-output single-eavesdropper (MISOSE) channels. Owing to the reciprocity of wireless channels, a negative acknowledge frame can be used to obtain the channel state information (CSI) from a source with multiple antennas to an IoT destination device, and this CSI of a legitimate link is used for beamforming for the next transmission round (TR). Therefore, a higher secrecy rate can be expected from retransmissions with beamforming based on the CSI as compared to the first TR without CSI. To evaluate the secrecy throughput under time-invariant and time-varying channels, connection and secrecy outage probabilities (OPs) are derived. By exploiting the characteristics of the OPs, we suggest an approximated secrecy throughput. We then consider the optimization of the approximated secrecy throughput considering the rate parameters for legitimate and eavesdropping links. With an alternating optimization approach, an algorithm to find convergent system parameters, i.e., the rates for legitimate and eavesdropping links, is proposed. Moreover, an asymptotic analysis with the large number of transmit antennas indicates an interesting behavior of the secrecy rate with regard to the number of TRs. The analytical results are verified by rigorous numerical simulations and they can serve as a useful guideline to those involved in the design of secure IoT communication systems with HARQ in MISOSE channels.