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Al-Fiziya Journal of Materials Science Geophysics Instrumentation and Theoretical Physics

Quantum Ericson Engine with Multiple States in One Dimensional Potential Well

Nailul Hasan

Published Jan 5, 2022• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A quantum ericson-engine that consists of a single particle with multiple states, has been explored. It is a quantum analogy to the classical ericson-engine consisting of a combination of two isothermal processes and two isobaric processes. By analogizing a particle in a one-dimensional infinite potential well as a gas in a piston-cylinder, quantum thermodynamic processes in a quantum ericson-engine can be explained from the analogies of classical processes such as isothermal, and isobaric. The results of the research show that the thermal efficiency of the quantum ericson-engine has similarities with the classical ericson-engine.

DOI
10.15408/fiziya.v4i2.22169

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The quantum analogy for of ideal Stirling engine in one dimensional potential well has been explored. It contains single particles with multiple quantum states which is a superposition of many states. The volume in the classical engine is replaced by the length or width of the well. As in the classical one, the quantum Stirling engine consists of two isothermal processes and two isobaric processes. In the analogy of isobaric processes is constant width. The isothermal processes in the quantum engine here are defined by the constant internal energy of particles. Energy conservation is used to calculate the efficiency and work in each process. We found that the efficiency of the quantum Stirling engine has similarities with the classical Stirling engine.
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Abstract QLE which has the working substance of a quantum system, a single particle confined in a one-dimensional potential box, has been constructed theoretically in this paper. The quantum system replaces the role of the classical system which has a working substance in the form of gas confined in a piston cylinder. The piston that moves back and forth is substituted by a 1D potential box wall that can move freely to change the width of the potential box. In this way, the three classical thermodynamic processes in the CLE (Classical Lenoir Engine), namely isochoric, isotherm, and isobar, can be analogous to the quantum system. Finally, we find that the thermal efficiency formulation of QLE has the similarity of shape to the CLE efficiency equation. However, a higher ratio of specific heat for QLE makes the efficiency value greater than CLE at each same compression ratio.
Lenoir engine based on the quantum system has been studied theoretically to increase the thermal efficiency of the ideal gas. The quantum system used is a single particle (as a working fluid instead of gas in a piston tube) in a one-dimensional infinite potential well with a wall that is free to move. The analogy of the appropriate variables between classical and quantum systems makes the three processes for the classical Lenoir engine applicable to the quantum system. The thermal efficiency of the quantum Lenoir engine is found to have the same formulation as the classical one. The higher heat capacity ratio in the quantum system increases the thermal efficiency of the quantum Lenoir engine by 56.29% over the classical version at the same compression ratio of 4.41.
A single particle-based quantum dual engine in a two-dimensional symmetrical potential well has been studied to determine its thermal efficiency formulation. This quantum efficiency of the engine will be compared to the classical version, the gas in the piston tube, which is considered still needs to be improved its efficiency according to the second law of thermodynamics. By analogizing the variables that exist in the classical system to the quantum system, heat energy and work for the five thermodynamic processes in a quantum dual cycle can be extracted. The main result is obtained that the thermal efficiency of a dual quantum engine has similar formulations with the classical counterpart. The higher heat capacity ratio of the quantum system has the effect of higher efficiency of the quantum dual engine than the efficiency of the classical version at the same compression ratio, cut-off ratio, and pressure ratio.