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AVS Quantum Science

Suppressing communication errors using quantum-enabled forward error correction

Ivan A. Burenkov, N. Fajar R. Annafianto, M. V. Jabir, Abdella Battou, Sergey V. Polyakov

Published Sep 1, 2023• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Because noise is inherent to all measurements, optical communication requires error identification and correction to protect and recover user data. Yet, error correction, routinely used in classical receivers, has not been applied to receivers that take advantage of quantum measurement. Here, we show how information uniquely available in a quantum measurement can be employed for efficient error correction. Our quantum-enabled forward error correction protocol operates on quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) and achieves more than 80 dB error suppression compared to the raw symbol error rate and approximately 40 dB improvement of symbol error rates beyond the QPSK classical limit. With a symbol error rate below 10−9 for just 11 photons per bit, this approach enables reliable use of quantum receivers for ultra-low power optical communications. Limiting optical power improves the information capacity of optical links and enables scalable networks with coexisting quantum and classical channels in the same optical fiber.

DOI
10.1116/5.0164396

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Quantum enhanced receivers are endowed with resources to achieve higher sensitivities than conventional technologies. For application in optical communications, they provide improved discriminatory capabilities for multiple non-orthogonal quantum states. In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a new decoding scheme for quadrature phase-shift encoded signals. Our receiver surpasses the standard quantum limit and outperforms all previously known non-adaptive detectors at low input powers. Unlike existing approaches, our receiver only exploits auxiliary coherent-state fields, linear optics, and on-off photo-detection. This circumvents the requirement for challenging feed-forward operations that limit communication transmission rates and can be readily implemented with current technology.
Quantum enhanced receivers are endowed with resources to achieve higher sensitivities than conventional technologies. For application in optical communications, they provide improved discriminatory capabilities for multiple nonorthogonal quantum states. In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a new decoding scheme for quadrature phase-shift encoded signals. Our receiver surpasses the standard quantum limit and outperforms all previously known nonadaptive detectors at low input powers. Unlike existing approaches, the receiver only exploits linear optical elements and on-off photodetection. This circumvents the requirement for challenging feed-forward operations that limit communication transmission rates and can be readily implemented with current technology.
Quantum enhanced receivers are endowed with resources to achieve higher sensitivities than conventional technologies.For application in optical communications, they provide improved discriminatory capabilities for multiple nonorthogonal quantum states.In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a new decoding scheme for quadrature phase-shift encoded signals.Our receiver surpasses the standard quantum limit and outperforms all previously known nonadaptive detectors at low input powers.Unlike existing approaches, the receiver only exploits linear optical elements and on-off photodetection.This circumvents the requirement for challenging feed-forward operations that limit communication transmission rates and can be readily implemented with current technology.
Quantum enhanced receivers are endowed with resources to achieve higher sensitivities than conventional technologies. For application in optical communications, they provide improved discriminatory capabilities for multiple non-orthogonal quantum states. In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a new decoding scheme for quadrature phase-shift encoded signals. Our receiver surpasses the standard quantum limit and outperforms all previously known non-adaptive detectors at low input powers. Unlike existing approaches, the receiver only exploits linear optical elements and on-off photo-detection. This circumvents the requirement for challenging feed-forward operations that limit communication transmission rates and can be readily implemented with current technology.
The fundamental performance limits and channel capacity of optical communications systems operating over the free space channel will be examined using quantum detection theory. The performance of the optimum quantum receiver for on-off keying (OOK) and optical binary phase shift keying (BPSK) is first examined as a pure state (no noise) problem. The classical capacity of the binary symmetric channel for these two modulation schemes is then evaluated for the optimum quantum receiver by making use of the concept of quantum measurement states. The performance of M-ary pulse position modulation, which requires a product state representation, is evaluated along with the performance of certain 'dense signal sets.' Performance comparisons with classical techniques shows over 5 dB improvement in some cases when quantum detection is employed. As a further application of the quantum detection theory, the capacity of the binary channel with on-off keyed modulation and quantum detection is evaluated, and shown to exceed the capacity obtained with classical photon counting.