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Optical and Quantum Electronics

Dynamics of N two-level moving atoms under the influence of the non-linear Kerr medium

Muklis Abdul Fattah Ibrahim, Syed Jamal Anwar, Majid Khan, Shaimaa Almalki, Haifa S. Alqannas, S. Abdel‐Khalek

Published Sep 15, 2023• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Dynamical evolution of global quantum discord (GQD) and von Neumann entropy (VNE) is studied for N two-level atomic system (TLS) (two, three and four TLS). The system interacts with the single mode Fock field and the cavity is filled with the non-linear Kerr medium (NLKM). It is seen that for large values of the Kerr parameter, the GQD and VNE show periodic behavior which leads to the sudden death and birth of the quantum entanglement (QE). It is found that the oscillations of the GQD is suppressed for the initial mixed state. The VNE has non-zero values of quantum interference throughout the dynamics of the system for initial mixed states. It is also found that the multipartite systems show sustained response to the QE during the time evolution. Moreover, the GQD and VNE are notably affected in the presence of the NLKM and affected for the entire range of Kerr values as we increase the number of photons in the cavity. Furthermore, for both initial pure and mixed states, the periodic behavior of the GQD and VNE is almost the same for the case of moving TLS. The sudden death and birth of QE is more prominent for moving TLS case. The atomic motion is favorable to sustain the QE in the atomic systems in a NLKM.

DOI
10.1007/s11082-023-05215-8

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Abstract Dynamical evolution of global quantum discord (GQD) and von Neumann entropy (VNE) is studied for N two-level atomic system (TLS) (two, three and four TLS). The system interacts with the single mode Fock field and the cavity is filled with the non-linear Kerr medium (NLKM). It is seen that for large values of the Kerr parameter, the GQD and VNE show periodic behavior which leads to the sudden death and birth of the quantum entanglement (QE). It is found that the oscillations of the GQD is suppressed for the initial mixed state. The VNE has non-zero values of quantum interference throughout the dynamics of the system for initial mixed states. It is also found that the multipartite systems show sustained response to the QE during the time evolution. Moreover, the GQD and VNE are notably affected in the presence of the NLKM and affected for the entire range of Kerr values as we increase the number of photons in the cavity. Furthermore, for both initial pure and mixed states, the periodic behavior of the GQD and VNE is almost the same for the case of moving TLS. The sudden death and birth of QE is more prominent for moving TLS case. The atomic motion is favorable to sustain the QE in the atomic systems in a NLKM.
We have computed the global quantum discord (GQD) and von Neumann entropy (VNE) of multipartite two-level atomic systems interacting with a single-mode Fock field. We use Tavis–Cumming model. We have explored how quantum correlations and quantum entanglement evolve with time in such systems. The quantum system is prepared initially in a mixed state and different parameters are varied to see how they affect the information processing in the system. The dynamical character of the GQD and VNE show an interplay between classical and nonclassical correlations. Photons in this model play an important role to assist the GQD and VNE and we observed that the effects of the field on the GQD and VNE reside in the time evolution of the system indicating that both atom and field states have become entangled. The GQD is assisted in a nonlinear fashion with the number of photons in the system. The GQD and VNE show linear behavior with each other in the dynamics of the system. The effects of intrinsic decoherence on the dynamics of the GQD and VNE are also studied. We have extrapolated the results for a large photon number on the system. We have studied the effect of the change in the size of the system on the maximum value of GQD and VNE and we have estimated the scaling coefficients for this behavior.
This paper investigates the evolution of global quantum discord (GQD) and quantum Fisher information (QFI) of the interaction of multiple two-level atomic systems (TLS) with a single thermal field mode and a non-linear Kerr medium (NLKM) considering the cases of intrinsic decoherence and its absence. Results indicate that increasing the number of atomic systems (N) while maintaining the NLKM parameter constant ? leads to higher GQD and QFI values for both intrinsic intrinsic decoherence cases. With rising ?, the GQD values decrease but the oscillation rate of the GQD increases. The presence of intrinsic decoherence does not significantly reduce the GQD quasi-static value compared to the no-decoherence scenario for certain ? values. At the same time, a different trend is observed for higher ? values. The average QFI value rises with reduced oscillation amplitudes for higher ? values and larger N subsystems. Unlike the GQD, higher ? values aid in maintaining average QFI in the presence of intrinsic decoherence. For moving TLS, changing ? does not alter the oscillation periods of the GQD and QFI. The GQD values decrease with increased ? in the moving system case, while the QFI improves with higher ? values. Additionally, higher average thermal photons within the system suppress the GQD and QFI values and decrease oscillation amplitudes for both quantifiers.
In this paper, we have proposed the numerical calculations to study the quantum entanglement (QE) of moving two-level atom interacting with a coherent and the thermal field influenced by intrinsic decoherence (ID), Kerr medium (non-linear) and the Stark effect. The wave function of the complete system interacting with a coherent and the thermal field is calculated numerically affected by ID, Kerr (non-linear) and Stark effects. It has been seen that the Stark, Kerr, ID and the thermal environment have a significant effect during the time evolution of the quantum system. Quantum Fisher information (QFI) and QE decrease as the value of the ID parameter is increased in the thermal field without the atomic movement. It is seen that QFI and von Neumann entropy (VNE) show an opposite and periodic response in the presence of atomic motion. The non-linear Kerr medium has a more prominent and significant effect on the QE as the value of the Kerr parameter is decreased. At smaller values of the non-linear Kerr parameter, the VNE increases, however, QFI decreases, so QFI and VNE have a monotonic connection with one another. As the value of the Kerr parameter is increased, the effect of non-linear Kerr doesn’t stay critical on both QFI and QE. However, a periodic response of QE is seen because of the atomic movement which becomes modest under natural impacts. Moreover, it has been seen that QFI and QE rot soon at the smaller values of the Stark parameter. However, as the value of the Stark parameter is increased, the QFI and QE show periodic response even when the atomic movement is absent.
We investigated numerically the dynamics of quantum Fisher information (QFI) and entanglement for three- and four-level atomic systems interacting with a coherent field under the effect of Stark shift and Kerr medium. It was observed that the Stark shift and Kerr-like medium play a prominent role during the time evolution of the quantum systems. The non-linear Kerr medium has a stronger effect on the dynamics of QFI as compared to the quantum entanglement (QE). QFI is heavily suppressed by increasing the value of Kerr parameter. This behavior was found comparable in the cases of three- and four-level atomic systems coupled with a non-linear Kerr medium. However, QFI and quantum entanglement (QE) maintain their periodic nature under atomic motion. On the other hand, the local maximum value of QFI and von Neumann entropy (VNE) decrease gradually under the Stark effect. Moreover, no prominent difference in the behavior of QFI and QE was observed for three- and four-level atoms while increasing the value of Stark parameter. However, three- and four-level atomic systems were found equally prone to the non-linear Kerr medium and Stark effect. Furthermore, three- and four-level atomic systems were found fully prone to the Kerr-like medium and Stark effect.
We have investigated numerically the dynamics of quantum Fisher information (QFI) and quantum entanglement (QE) of a two moving two-level atomic systems interacting with a coherent and thermal field in the presence of intrinsic decoherence (ID) and Kerr (non-linear medium) and Stark effects. The state of the entire system interacting with coherent and thermal fields is evaluated numerically under the influence of ID and Kerr (nonlinear) and Stark effects. QFI and von Neumann entropy (VNE) decrease in the presence of ID when the atomic motion is neglected. QFI and QE show an opposite response during its time evolution in the presence of a thermal environment. QFI is found to be more susceptible to ID as compared to QE in the presence of a thermal environment. The decay of QE is further damped at greater time-scales, which confirms the fact that ID heavily influences the system’s dynamics in a thermal environment. However, a periodic behavior of entanglement is observed due to atomic motion, which becomes modest under environmental effects. It is found that a non-linear Kerr medium has a prominent effect on the VNE but not on the QFI. Furthermore, it has been observed that QFI and QE decay soon under the influence of the Stark effect in the absence of atomic motion. The periodic response of QFI and VNE is observed for both the non-linear Kerr medium and the Stark effect in the presence of atomic motion. It is observed that the Stark, Kerr, ID, and thermal environment have significant effects during the time evolution of the quantum system.
We have investigated numerically the dynamics of quantum Fisher information (QFI) and quantum entanglement (QE) for N-level atomic system interacting with a coherent field in the presence of Kerr (linear and non-linear medium) and Stark effects. It is observed that the Stark and Kerr effects play a prominent role during the time evolution of the quantum system. The evolving quantum Fisher information (QFI) is noted as time grows under the non-linear Kerr medium contrary to the QE for higher dimensional systems. The effect of non-linear Kerr medium is greater on the QE as we increase the value of Kerr parameter. However, QFI and QE maintain their periodic nature under atomic motion. On the other hand, linear Kerr medium has no prominent effects on the dynamics of N-level atomic system. Furthermore, it has been observed that QFI and QE decay soon under the influence of Stark effect. In short, the N-level atomic system is found prone to the change of the Kerr medium and Stark effect for higher dimensional systems.