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Quantum 2.0 Conference and Exhibition

Classical Simulation of Quantum Teleportation

Brian R. La Cour

Published Jan 1, 2023• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Teleportation is considered to be a uniquely quantum phenomena. This paper demonstrates that the teleportation of quantum states in optical experiments can be under-stood from a purely classical perspective.
DOI
10.1364/quantum.2023.qtu3a.17

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Abstract One of the most surprising consequences of quantum mechanics is the entanglement of two or more distance particles. The “ghost” interference and the “ghost” image experiments demonstrated the astonishing nonlocal behavior of an entangled photon pair. Even though we still have questions in regard to fundamental issues of the entangled quantum systems, quantum entanglement has started to play important roles in quantum information and quantum computation. Quantum teleportation is one of the hot topics. We have demonstrated a quantum teleportation experiment recently. The experimental results proved the working principle of irreversibly teleporting an unknown arbitrary quantum state from one system to another distant system by disassembling into and then later reconstructing from purely classical information and nonclassical EPR correlations. The distinct feature of this experiment is that the complete set of Bell states can be distinguished in the Bell state measurement. Teleportation of a quantum state can thus occur with certainty in principle.
A classical optics setup to simulate the quantum teleportation process is presented. The analogy is based on the possibility of encoding a quantum state of a system with a 2N-dimensional Hilbert space as an image in the input of an optical system. The probability amplitude of each state of a basis is associated with the complex amplitude of the electromagnetic field in a given region of the laser wavefront. Temporal evolutions are represented as changes of the complex amplitude of the field when the wavefront is modified by different optical elements. The classical optics representation of quantum state as images and of universal quantum gates as optical processors is shown. The design and operation of an optical module that is used to simulate the quantum teleportation process are discussed. Experimental results where the teleportation of a one qbit state is simulated are shown.
We report on a quantum optical experimental implementation of teleportation of unknown pure quantum states. This realizes all of the nonlocal aspects of the original scheme proposed by Bennett et al. and is equivalent to it up to a local operation. We exhibit results for the teleportation of a linearly polarized state and of an elliptically polarized state. We show that the experimental results cannot be explained in terms of a classical channel alone. The Bell measurement in our experiment can distinguish between all four Bell states simultaneously allowing, in the ideal case, a 100% success rate of teleportation.