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Quantum 2.0 Conference and Exhibition

Towards a Memory-Assisted Bell State Measurement Between Two Independent Entanglement Sources

Sonali Gera, Chase Wallace, Shane Andrewski, Eden V. Figueroa

Published Jan 1, 2023• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report on progress towards achieving entanglement swapping between independent cavity-enhanced entanglement sources that are tuned for quantum memory operation. Together with quantum memories, we envision the demonstration of a Type II quantum repeater.
DOI
10.1364/quantum.2023.qth3b.4

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We report an experimental demonstration of entanglement swapping over two quantum stages. By successful realizations of two cascaded photonic entanglement swapping processes, entanglement is generated and distributed between two photons, that originate from independent sources and do not share any common past. In the experiment we use three pairs of polarization entangled photons and conduct two Bell-state measurements: one between the first and second pair, and one between the second and third pair. This results in projecting the remaining two outgoing photons from pair 1 and 3 into an entangled state, as characterized by an entanglement witness. The experiment represents an important step towards a full quantum repeater where multiple entanglement swapping is a key ingredient.
Due to the inevitable loss in communication channels, the distance of entanglement distribution is limited to approximately 100 km on the ground. Quantum repeater can circumvent this problem by utilizing quantum memory and entanglement swapping. As the elementary functional nodes for quantum repeater, the heralded generation of two-party entanglement between two remote nodes has only been realized with built-in-type quantum memories. These schemes suffer from the trade-off between multiplexing capacity and deterministic property and hence hinder their way to efficient quantum repeaters. Here we present the first experimental demonstration of functional quantum repeater nodes using absorptive quantum memories. We build two nodes separated by 3.5 m, each contains a polarization-entangled photon-pair source and a solid-state quantum memory. A joint Bell-state measurement in the middle station heralds the successful generation of maximally-entangled states between the two quantum memories with a fidelity of (80.4$\pm$2.1)%. The quantum memories used here are compatible with deterministic entanglement sources and can support multiplexing simultaneously, which paves the way to the construction of solid-state quantum repeaters and high-speed quantum networks.