The classic double slit experiment revealed fringe patterns thought to only result from wave interference. However, recent experiments revealed light stratifying into strands not waves after diffraction that can be directly visualized utilizing a water vapor cloud chamber. As vapor media particles may have interacted with light, this experiment was designed to avoid interference by utilizing a moving screen with extended photo exposure. Discrete, linear light strands were visualized after diffraction directly creating the pseudo-interference fringe pattern. Focal obstructions and hollow tubes did not demonstrate downstream reverberations. These results further support the particle theory of light and question wave concepts.
The classic double slit experiment revealed fringe patterns thought to only result from wave interference. However, recent experiments revealed light stratifying into strands not waves after diffraction that can be directly visualized utilizing a water vapor cloud chamber. As vapor media particles may have interacted with light, this experiment was designed to avoid interference by utilizing a moving screen with extended photo exposure. Discrete, linear light strands were visualized after diffraction directly creating the pseudo-interference fringe pattern. Focal obstructions and hollow tubes did not demonstrate downstream reverberations. These results further support the particle theory of light and question wave concepts.
Modern understanding of light has fluctuated between particle and wave theory. The classic double slit experiment provided seemingly conclusive support for wave theory of light with its resultant fringe patterns thought to only be due to wave interference. However, interference junctures of light have never been directly visualized. We investigated the double slit experiment and its fringe pattern through novel techniques of direct visualization of light propagation in the free space after slit exit in order to validate this interference principle. A cloud chamber and gel media were developed to visualize otherwise invisible light pathways. Coherent light was observed in these environments in settings of diffraction, refraction, and reflection. Experimental generation of distinct, isolated light strands after diffraction through double slits were visualized. Discrete light strands, not waves, were noted as light propagated through free space. Light strands were visualized directly creating the pseudo-interference fringe pattern, counter to the concept of wave interference. Novel visualization of light strands supports the particle theory of light and provides an alternative to wave theory. The finding that diffractive fringe patterns and other observations of light can be explained in some situations by the phenomena of discrete radiating strands, not wave interference, may have implications in physics, quantum mechanics, and technology.
Abstract Objective Modern understanding of light has fluctuated between particle and wave theory. The classic double slit experiment provided crucial support of wave theory with its description of wave interference fringe patterns. To our knowledge, no significant study has been performed on light propagation in free space after exiting the slit. To further understand the double slit results we analyzed light behavior in free space using novel visualization techniques.Methods A micro-particle environment was developed that remained transparent to visible light. Coherent light was observed in this environment in settings of diffraction, refraction, and reflection.Results Experimental generation of distinct light strands after diffraction through double slits is visualized. Definitive images of discrete light strands, not waves, were noted as light propagated through free space. Light strands were visualized directly creating the pseudo-interference fringe pattern, refuting the concept of wave interference.Conclusions Novel generation and visualization of light strands confirms the particle theory of light and counters two hundred years of wave doctrine. The finding that diffractive fringe patterns and other observations of light are due to the phenomena of discrete radiating strands, not wave interference, will have implications in physics, quantum mechanics, and technology.
Young’s double slit experiments have been descripted by wave theories, i.e., before and after passing a double slit, the light is waves. Now, we extend the double slit experiments to the comprehensive double slit experiments by utilizing Shield (showing the light is not wave), Metal tube (showing the light is not EM waves), Blocker (showing the light is particles), combination of Shield and Blocker (showing the light is particles), Photon-Chamber (showing the light is particles which produce both non-interference patterns and interference patterns), and Lens (showing the light is particles which produce non-wave and wave patterns). We propose two Postulates: “Postulate on light: light is photons before and after passing through double slit” and “Postulate on lens: light behaves same before and after passing through lens”. Then, we show the novel phenomena of the comprehensive double slit experiments: (1) the light is photons before and after passing through a double slit; (2) photons form both the non-interference patterns and the interference patterns; (3) the non-interference patterns gradually evolve to the interference patterns in the same experiment. We refer to the novel phenomena as “PhotoWave phenomena” that are universal. The comprehensive double slit experiments provide the novel phenomena for developing theoretical model further to study: (1) the nature of the light; (2) the Feynman’s mystery of the double slit; (3) the wave-particle duality; and (4) the wave theories of the light; (5) applications. A complete description should explain all the comprehensive double slit experiments consistently.
The classical interpretation of Young’s double slit experiment is that, before and after passing through the diaphragm of the double slit, the light behaves as waves. Feynman called the double slit experiment “the only mystery [of quantum mechanics]. We have shown for the first time in the classical wave experiments: (1) Particle patterns (non-interference patterns) indicating the particle nature of light are near the diaphragm, and Interference patterns are near the screen; (2) Particle patterns evolve to Transition patterns (non-interference patterns) and finally, evolve to Interference patterns. We proposed Postulates of lens for utilizing lens in wave experiments. In this article, we experimentally suggest that Particle patterns, Transition patterns and Interference patterns simultaneously emerging on the screen in the double slit experiments show that the light beams are photons. The photon chamber shows that the photons distribute as waves in the wave experiments. We suggest that these phenomena and the physical mechanism of them are new mystery.
Young’s double slit experiments have been descripted by wave theories, i.e., before and after passing a double slit, the light is waves. Now, we extend the double slit experiments to the comprehensive double slit experiments by utilizing Shield (showing the light is not wave), Metal tube (showing the light is not EM wves), Blocker (showing the light is particles), combination of Shield and Blocker (showing the light is particles), Photon-Chamber (showing the light is particles which produce both non-interference patterns and interference patterns), and Lens (showing the light is particles which produce non-wave and wave patterns). We propose two Postulates: “Postulate on light: light is photons before and after passing through double slit” and “Postulate on lens: light behaves same before and after passing through lens”. Then, we show the novel phenomena of the comprehensive double slit experiments: (1) the light is photons before and after passing through a double slit; (2) photons form both the non-interference patterns and the interference patterns; (3) the non-interference patterns gradually evolve to the interference patterns in the same experiment. We refer to the novel phenomena as “PhotoWave phenomena” that are universal. The comprehensive double slit experiments provide the novel phenomena for developing theoretical model further to study: (1) the nature of the light; (2) the Feynman’s mystery of the double slit; (3) the wave-particle duality; and (4) the wave theories of the light; (5) applications. A complete description should explain all the comprehensive double slit experiments consistently.
Young’s double slit experiments have been descripted by wave theories, i.e., before and after passing a double slit, the light is waves. Now, we extend the double slit experiments to the comprehensive double slit experiments by utilizing Shield (showing the light is not wave), Metal tube (showing the light is not EM wves), Blocker (showing the light is particles), combination of Shield and Blocker (showing the light is particles), Photon-Chamber (showing the light is particles which produce both non-interference patterns and interference patterns), and Lens (showing the light is particles which produce non-wave and wave patterns). We propose two Postulates: “Postulate on light: light is photons before and after passing through double slit” and “Postulate on lens: light behaves same before and after passing through lens”. Then, we show the novel phenomena of the comprehensive double slit experiments: (1) the light is photons before and after passing through a double slit; (2) photons form both the non-interference patterns and the interference patterns; (3) the non-interference patterns gradually evolve to the interference patterns in the same experiment. We refer to the novel phenomena as “PhotoWave phenomena” that are universal. The comprehensive double slit experiments provide the novel phenomena for developing theoretical model further to study: (1) the nature of the light; (2) the Feynman’s mystery of the double slit; (3) the wave-particle duality; and (4) the wave theories of the light; (5) applications. A complete description should explain all the comprehensive double slit experiments consistently.